eBooks de Biografías y estudios de científicos, página 3 de 19

In "Biographies of Distinguished Scientific Men," Franois Arago provides an illuminating tapestry of the lives and works of key figures in the scientific community of the 19th century. AragoAos narrative style is engaging yet informative, blending biographical detail with critical analysis, which highlights both their individual contributions and the broader scientific context of their times. The book serves not only as a historical account but as a homage to the relentless pursuit of knowledge that characterized the Enlightenment and paved the way for modern science. Through vivid portraits, Arago captures the essence of intellectual endeavors that profoundly influenced various fields, from physics to astronomy, reflecting the interconnected nature of scientific inquiry during this transformative era. Franois Arago, a noted physicist and astronomer himself, held a deep reverence for the scientific achievements of his contemporaries. His extensive career, marked by significant contributions to the fields of optics and astronomy, as well as his role in promoting science during the critical juncture of the Industrial Revolution, informs his appreciation for the scientists he chose to immortalize. His engagement with the scientific community allowed him unique insights into both the triumphs and struggles that define scientific pursuit, making his biographical sketches both personal and educational. "Biographies of Distinguished Scientific Men" is highly recommended for readers with an interest in the history of science, as it sheds light on the individuals who shaped our understanding of the natural world. Whether you are a student, educator, or simply a curious mind, AragoAos work invites you to explore the rich tapestry of human creativity and intellect that has propelled scientific progress. Delve into this enlightening volume and discover the legacies of those who dared to question, challenge, and ultimately expand the horizons of human knowledge.

Translator: W. H. Smyth, Baden Powell and Robert Grant

Un diario lúcido y conmovedor escrito desde la experiencia límite del confinamiento a la que nos ha obligado el coronavirus. Prólogo de Antonio Lazcano.«Mezclada con la angustia y la desesperación an

John Wilson did more than anyone else to prevent and cure blindness, and help blind people, throughout the world between the 1940s and his death in 1999. In addition, he made a significant contribution to the cause of disabled people in general. His achievements deserve comparison with those of other charismatic figures such as Helen Keller and Albert Schweitzer. A man of action and unflagging energy, with exceptional determination, imagination and compassion, and analytical and organizational ability, he changed millions of peoples lives for the better by developing systems and techniques for preventing and curing blindness, and by spurring on the process by which blind people have come to be able to play a full, active and creative role in society. His story is a moving one. Blinded himself in a school experiment in 1931 at the age of twelve, he went on to read law at Oxford. After joining the National Institute for the Blind as an administrator, he took part in 1946-7 in an epic government-sponsored tour of the African and Middle Eastern territories in what was then the British Empire that lasted nine months, studying the intractable problems of blindness there. It led to the formation of what was to become the Royal Commonwealth Society for the Blind, now known as Sight Savers International. In the wake of his sustained campaigns for the cure and prevention of blindness, above all in Africa and the Indian sub-continent, underpinned by the indomitable support of his wife Jean, John Wilson became a leading activist and mentor for blind and disabled people both at the UN and world-wide; and he was to found further important institutions such as the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness and Impact, which focusses on the universal challenge of avoidable disability. He was an enthusiastic globe-trotter, a powerful orator, a much-loved member of his family and a highly respected friend and colleague of large numbers of people with whom he worked across the continents. This inspiring tale of how one remarkable man travelled the world and transformed countless lives will have a strong appeal to the general public. It will also be of direct interest to people involved in charities and other institutions, particularly those concerned with blindness and disability. Meticulously researched, it is primarily based on John Wilsons Braille diaries and his other papers, the records at Sight Savers and interviews in many different countries with people who knew him. Lord Colin Low, chairman, Royal National Institute of the Blind: I have just finished reading Blindness and the Visionary and felt I must write and tell you how enthralling I found it...[it is] an absolutely splendid addition to the literature on blindness, in every way worthy of its subject. Ramachanda Pararajasegaram, consultant to World Health Organization, in International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness Review: ...the story, related with sensitivity and objectivity, of a unique personality destined...to become a globally renowned voice, rendering a clarion call to action, against avoidable disablement...I have had immense enjoyment reading this book, which has deepened my understanding even better of the humanity behind John Wilson. I feel re-inspired, re-enthused and re-energized to help carry out what we have collaboratively pledged to do...No reader would fail to be inspired by this book on [his] life and work, so expertly put together by John Coles...

Historia inédita de Félix J. Weil, heredero de la fortuna de su padre Hermann, amasada en el boom agroexportador argentino que se inicia a fines del siglo 19, que es fundador y mecenas de una de las corrientes de pensamiento mas influyentes del siglo 20: la Escuela de Frankfurt.Nacido en Buenos Aires, hijo de un inmigrante aleman que fue uno de los mas grandes comerciantes mundiales de granos de su epoca, Felix J. Weil destina parte de su fortuna y de la de su padre a la creacion, en 1923, de una institucion academica orientada a la formacion de una intelectualidad progresista europea: el Instituto de Investigacion Social, que pasara a la historia como Escuela de Frankfurt. Este libro apasionante, basado en documentacion inedita, echa luz sobre la vida del personaje que participo de la revolucion alemana de 1918, colaboro con la Internacional Comunista y fue mecenas de destacados artistas e intelectuales. El mismo que intervino en Buenos Aires en la elaboracion de la ley de impuesto a los reditos y que escribio El enigma argentino, notable y polemica obra sobre los problemas de nuestro pais en visperas del peronismo. Radiografia incisiva y esclarecedora de momentos y personajes clave de la Argentina y el mundo, este trabajo monumental de Mario Rapoport muestra los hilos de una trama casi novelesca en la que los negocios, las revoluciones, los intelectuales, las corrientes de pensamiento critico y las guerras urden la historia del siglo XX.

Um retrato íntimo e abrangente sobre a perturbação de personalidade borderlineA doença mental continua a ser fortemente estigmatizada na nossa sociedade. E os doentes com perturbação de personalidade

O câncer é ainda percebido como uma doença fatal e sentido como uma condenação e/ou como um castigo. Diante do diagnóstico, a pessoa se sente tomada por um turbilhão de emoções e de pensamentos – med

Quem foi verdadeiramente Carl Jung?Esta biografia fascinante acompanha a vida de um dos mais extraordinários psicólogos dos tempos modernos. Lily Yuan leva-nos numa jornada pela vida de Jung, começando pelos anos formativos da infancia, passando pela sua relaço tumultuosa com o colega psicanalista Sigmund Freud, e sem esquecer as viagens pelo mundo nos seus ultimos anos de vida.Jung desenvolveu ideias inovadoras como a extroverso e a introverso, a sombra e a sincronicidade; criou uma serie de obras de arte impressionantes, e o seu legado pode ser visto a nossa volta na musica que ouvimos, nas historias que lemos e nos filmes que vemos.Com explicaçes claras das suas ideias inovadoras e perspetivas sobre a personalidade unica de Jung, esta e uma introduço fascinante a uma das grandes mentes do seculo XX.Excerto:"Carl Gustav Jung. O genio psiquiatrico e fenomeno mundial por tras dos arquetipos, tipos de personalidade e analise dos sonhos. O homem que ousadamente trouxe a luz a psicologia analitica. Jung e amiude retratado como um pensador calmo e discreto com iconicos oculos redondos numa postura meditativa, acompanhada de um sorriso travesso. Muitos conhecem as suas frases, mas poucos compreendem a sua historia. O que aconteceu durante a sua vida? Quem e que ele encontrou? Para onde viajou? Qual era a motivaço por tras das suas açes? Exatamente quando ocorreram os pontos cruciais (e menos divulgados) da sua vida? E, claro, o que o levou a ser como era?"

Esta obra contiene el discurso que Eduardo Ladislao Holmberg leyó con motivo de la muerte de Darwin en el Teatro Nacional de Buenos Aires, el día 19 de mayo de 1882, en presencia de tres mil personas, reunidas por la invitacion del Circulo Medico Argentino. Esta es, ademas, una reflexion sobre la ciencia y sobre el lugar que tiene en la sociedad: Exponer una doctrina cientifica no es atacar a nadie en sus creencias, porque ciencia y religion significan una dualidad perfecta y aislada.

¿Te has preguntado alguna vez de qué están hechas las estrellas? Esta es la historia de una chica a la que, al igual que a ti, le encantaba mirar el cielo. Se llamaba Cecilia Payne y fue la primera en descubrir uno de los grandes misterios del Universo. Pero su revolucionario hallazgo no fue facil de aceptar en aquella epoca. Solo con perseverancia, valentia y pasion por el conocimiento logro convertirse en una pionera del ambito cientifico. Y, en el proceso, abrio camino a todas las mujeres que como ella soñaban con dedicarse a la ciencia.Tanto el registro de la narracion como el estilo de las imagenes estan adecuados a escolares con una franja de edad entre 8 y 11 años. El texto y las ilustraciones se aseguran de tratar temas didacticos transversales a los ambitos de actividad del personaje, de cara tanto a la lectura en familia como al uso en centros escolares y al refuerzo al programa educativo.

A história de Cesar Lattes, o maior físico brasileiro, como nunca antes contada. No final da década de 1940, o mundo acompanhava com fascínio os avanços da física nuclear. Os cientistas se tornavam figuras celebres, uma vez que os grandes laboratorios moldavam o futuro da humanidade. Nesse cenario, poucos brilharam tanto quanto Cesar Lattes, o jovem fisico brasileiro, filho de imigrantes italianos, que descobriu o meson, uma importante particula subatomica.Nesta biografia inedita, voltada ao grande publico, a historia desse importante cientista e apresentada desde sua infancia em Curitiba, passando pela graduaço na Universidade de So Paulo (USP), ate as temporadas de estudo, pesquisa e trabalho em cidades de todo o mundo. A obra aborda e desmitifica os desafios que enfrentou com altivez, como o diagnostico de transtorno bipolar, os entraves politicos da ditadura civil-militar e as complexidades da burocracia academica. Em homenagem a sua dedicaço a ciencia brasileira, o Ministerio da Educaço deu ainda o nome "Lattes" a maior e mais completa base de dados de curriculos de pesquisadores, professores e cientistas do Brasil: a Plataforma Lattes.Cesar Lattes e apresentado aqui em sua intimidade, mas tambem em seu contexto historico, mostrando sua força para transformar o mundo ao seu redor. Mesmo tendo a possibilidade de trabalhar e viver em qualquer pais, sua grande misso sempre foi o aprimoramento da ciencia e da educaço no Brasil.Cesar Lattes uma vida: Vises do infinito traz depoimentos, cartas e documentos ineditos, alem de um caderno de imagens com fotos raras. Esta e mais do que uma simples biografia, e a historia de um ser humano brilhante e de um heroi nacional. "Cesar Lattes e um cientista lendario no Brasil, o fisico que chegou perto do Nobel e que no o ganhou, talvez, por uma injustiça no jogo de poder academico. Nesta biografia, o leitor aprendera quem foi Lattes, como sua carreira heroica se desenrolou a partir do fechamento da Segunda Guerra Mundial, suas grandes descobertas e dificuldades pessoais. A fisica e tratada de forma transparente, e a leitura e leve e convidativa. A vida de Lattes merece um mergulho profundo, e a narrativa mistura, de forma habil e sensivel, historia, ciencia e seu lado humano, tantas vezes conturbado. Uma leitura imperdivel." Marcelo Gleiser, fisico, astronomo, escritor e professor na Dartmouth College, Estados Unidos."[Cesar Lattes] E um grande homem e um grande patriota. Conheço-o ha longos anos, e as descobertas que fez e as que certamente fara futuramente o colocam em posiço privilegiada no mundo da pesquisa nuclear. E um moço que honra o Brasil e esta fazendo muito por sua patria. Poderia estar trabalhando em qualquer pais do mundo, mas, as muitas ofertas que recebeu, preferiu ficar em sua terra e treinar um grupo de cientistas, para que o Brasil, em futuro proximo, tenha as reservas humanas necessarias para seu progresso no campo da pesquisa nuclear." - Robert Oppenheimer (1904-1967), fisico teorico americano.

Historia a la vez familiar y social, vinculada al avance del fracking en Allen, Río Negro, sobre las tierras que los inmigrantes habían transformado al plantar peras y manzanas. En 2011, en la chacra del abuelo de la autora -conocida militante social y ambientalista- asoma una torre de petroleo. Una historia familiar que mezcla la literatura, la sociologia y la filosofia con la militancia socioambiental.Cuando don Alfredo vio que una torre asomaba por entre los alamos, se pregunto con sorpresa: "¿Que hace eso tan cerca del pueblo?". Nadie se habia animado a decirle que los administradores de esas tierras -parte de su familia- habian firmado un contrato con una empresa norteamericana para instalar, entre los perales y manzanos de la chacra que habia sido de su padre, una plataforma de explotacion de hidrocarburos.Eso sucedio en 2011, y a partir de entonces las plantaciones de frutales empezaron a ser desmontadas, y los pozos de extraccion de petroleo y de gas proliferaron en Allen, en el corazon del Alto Valle de Rio Negro. De manera asordinada pero vertiginosa, esa localidad se convirtio, junto con Vaca Muerta, en cabecera de playa del fracking en la Argentina.Don Alfredo es el padre de Maristella Svampa, que nacio en esas tierras y que, de pronto, vio como su familia, la comunidad donde se crio y sus actividades de reconocida militante socioambiental en el pais y el exterior se entrelazaban en un doloroso y acuciante primer plano.Chacra 51 es la narracion intima de esa experiencia, pero tambien, y sobre todo, es un llamado urgente a enfrentar el avance de una actividad que, detras del proclamado "progreso", impone daños irreversibles en un planeta castigado y en la vida que sostiene.

Santiago Ramón y Cajal asistió a las peñas de café y de los casinos durante nada menos que cuarenta años y se convirtió, en el periodo de su vida en el que residió en Madrid, en un habitual de las tertulias que se organizaban en el Cafe Suizo, el Cafe Castilla o el Cafe del Prado. Precisamente ahi, en la "candente y estimulante atmosfera del cafe", tiene su origen Charlas de cafe: pensamientos, anecdotas y confidencias, un libro miscelaneo, mezcla de "fantasias, divagaciones, comentarios y juicios", en el que nuestro autor acumulo y clasifico ese pensamiento espontaneo y necesariamente fragmentario, que no formaba parte de su obra como cientifico, sino de su necesidad irreprimible de expresarse como ser humano que ve, observa y opina sobre todo aquello que le rodea.

The partnership of Charles Babbage and Ada Lovelace was one that would change science forever. They were an unlikely pair one the professor son of a banker, the other the only child of an acclaimed poet and a social-reforming mathematician but perhaps that is why their work was so revolutionary. They were the pioneers of computer science, creating plans for what could have been the first computer. They each saw things the other did not: it may have been Charles who designed the machines, but it was Ada who could see their potential. But what were they like? And how did they work together? Using previously unpublished correspondence between them, Charles and Ada explores the relationship between two remarkable people who shared dreams far ahead of their time.

When Charles Darwin announced his theory of evolution by natural selection, he did more than transform biology. Before his great work, humans were comfortably different from other life: a special creation. By showing how life on Earth evolved, Darwin told us that humans too are part of nature.His decisive experience a five-year round-the-world voyage on the Beagle set him thinking about the diversity of life: ideas that would challenge the scientific establishment and Victorian society. Darwin for years built his evidence for evolution, even as he realised that such ideas were leading him straight into controversy and dispute.This updated, concise yet informative account of Darwins life and work makes vividly clear the personal influences of the man and his work and why his discoveries continue to influence us all.

Desde una mirada integral y crítica, Juan Martín Rodríguez Casopresenta la figura de uno de los científicos más influyentes de la historia: Charles Darwin, el padre del naturalismo, y habilitará al lector a repensar su ateismo historicamente difundido. El aporte de esta obra es, sin duda, evitar la trampa de situar al cientifico en circuitos ideologicos fijos que obstaculicen cualquier intento de dialogo interdisciplinar, aqui el de ciencia y religion, cuyo campo de estudio puede aportar otras respuestas a novedosos debates contemporaneos.

In Charles Lyell and Modern Geology by T. G. Bonney, the book explores the significant contributions of Charles Lyell to the field of geology and his impact on modern scientific thought. Through a detailed analysis of Lyells work and theories, Bonney explores the evolution of geological thought and the influence of Lyells principles on subsequent scientific developments. The book is written in a scholarly and engaging style, making it accessible to both experts in the field and general readers interested in the history of science. Bonney provides a comprehensive overview of Lyells life, work, and legacy, shedding light on the context in which his groundbreaking ideas emerged. This book is a valuable resource for those interested in the history of geology and the development of modern scientific thought. T. G. Bonneys expertise in the field makes Charles Lyell and Modern Geology a must-read for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of the foundations of geological science.

Churchills Bomb - from the author of the Costa award-winning biography The Strangest Man - reveals a new aspect of Winston Churchills life, so far completely neglected by historians: his relations with his nuclear scientists, and his management of Britains policy on atomic weapons.Churchill was the only prominent politician to foresee the nuclear age and he played a leading role in the development of the Bomb during World War II. He became the first British Prime Minister with access to these weapons, and left office following desperate attempts during the Cold War to end the arms race.Graham Farmelo traces the beginnings of Churchills association with nuclear weapons to his unlikely friendship with H. G. Wells, who coined the term atomic bombs. In the 1930s, when Ernest Rutherford and his brilliant followers, such as Chadwick and Cockcroft, gave Britain the lead in nuclear research, Churchill wrote several widely read newspaper articles on the huge implications of their work.British physicists, in 1940, first showed that the Bomb was a practical possibility. But Churchill, closely advised by his favourite scientist, the controversial Frederick Lindemann, allowed leadership to pass to the US, where the Manhattan Project made the Bomb a terrible reality. British physicists played only a minor role in this vast enterprise, while Churchill ignored warnings from the scientist Niels Bohr that the Anglo-American policy would lead to a post-war arms race. After the war, the Americans reneged on personal agreements between Roosevelt and Churchill to share research. Clement Attlee, in a fateful decision, ordered the building of a British Bomb to maintain the countrys place among the great powers. Churchill inherited it and ended his political career obsessed with the threat of thermonuclear war.Churchills Bomb is an original and controversial book, full of political and scientific personalities and intrigues, which reveals a little-known side of Britains great war-leader.