eBooks de Historia de la ciencia, página 7 de 63

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Diabetes and Obesity is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of two metabolic diseases diabetes and obesity. The scope of the series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs affecting endocrine and metabolic processes linked with diabetes and obesity. Reviews in this series also include research on specific receptor targets and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Diabetes and Obesity is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of diabetes and obesity research. The fifth volume of this series features 5 reviews which are informative guides to therapy and drug administration in diabetes and metabolic syndrome, for both the medical specialist and the pharmacologist. -Metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia -Insulin therapy and foetoplacental endothelial dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus -Insights on diabetes, oxidative stress and antioxidant therapeutic strategies -Administration of nano drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus -SGLT-2 inhibitors

Applications of NMR Spectroscopy is a book series devoted to publishing the latest advances in the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in various fields of organic chemistry, biochemistry, health and agriculture. The eighth volume of the series features six reviews focusing on NMR spectroscopic techniques in food science, molecular biology and medical diagnosis. The reviews in this volume are: - qNMR as a Tool for Determination of Six Common Sugars in Foods - Correlation of VIP Scores and 1H NMR to Extract Information of Psychological Attention Tests Applied Before and After Coffee Intake - NMR Spectroscopy for Probing the Structural Determinants of Aptamer Optimization and Riboswitch Engineering - Applications of NMR Spectroscopy in Medical Diagnosis - Applications of NMR Spectroscopy in Cancer Diagnosis - NMR as a Tool for Exploring Protein Interactions and Dynamics

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Hematology is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in learning about advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of hematological disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs employed in the treatment of anemias, coagulopathies, vascular diseases and hematological malignancies. Reviews in this series also include research on specific antibody targets, therapeutic methods, genetic hemoglobinopathies and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Hematology is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of hematology, oncology and vascular pharmacology.The fourth volume of this series features 5 reviews:-TRP Channels: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Blood Disorders-Hypercoagulable States: Clinical Symptoms, Laboratory Markers and Management-Advanced Applications of Gene Therapy in the Treatment of Hematologic Disorders-Ferroptosis - Importance and Potential Effects in Hematological Malignancies-Clinical Application of Liquid Biopsy in Solid Tumor HCC: Prognostic, Diagnostic and Therapy Monitoring Tool

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of neurology. The seventh volume of this series features reviews that cover the following topics related to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy and stroke: -Fatty Acid Amides as a New Potential Therapeutic Agent in Multiple Sclerosis -Epileptic Seizures Detection Based on Non-Linear Characteristics Coupled with Machine Learning Techniques -Hampering Essential Tremor Neurodegeneration in Essential Tremor: Present and Future Directions -The Potential Therapeutic Role of the Melatoninergic System in Treatment of Epilepsy and Comorbid Depression -Modeling Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Transgenic Model of Drosophila -Genetic Basis in Stroke Treatment: Targets of Potent Inhibitors

This reference provides information about recent trends in bryology in parts of India, tropical rainforests and arctic regions. Bryophytes are the earliest land plants and quite fascinating in their overall diversity. All through its history, bryological study has contributed considerably to the field of plant sciences, for instance, the discovery of sex chromosomes in plants. The study of bryophytes is fundamental to our understanding of land plant evolution, and the latest progress in molecular phylogenetics and genomics have given researchers a clear depiction of land colonization of plants and subsequent terrestrial progression. Ecologically, the importance of bryophytes for the participation in biogeochemical cycles, in particular carbon cycle is now appreciated. Further, there has been an escalating interest in the conservation biology of bryophytes. The contributors have put forward holistic information regarding current research scenario of bryology in a range of environments to readers learning about research in applied bryology. The compilation of reviews presents reported findings related to various aspects of the subject, such as, conservation, diversity, tissue culture, bio-monitoring, computational bryology, molecular bryology, and species. Botanists and bryologists will receive updated information that will be valuable for their research work. The reader-friendly text is also suitable for beginners in applied plant science.

This reference presents reviews and case studies of hazardous waste management in a selection of cities. The overarching themes of the compiled topics include 1) the problems of healthcare waste management, 2) case studies of hazardous waste mismanagement, 3) health risks associated with environmental waste, issues in environmental health and 4) grassroots environmentalism.The volume initially presents reviews and case studies from developing countries, including countries in South America (Argentina), Africa (Algeria and Nigeria), and Asia (India). The latter chapters of the book focus on environmental issues in Campania, a region in Italy. These chapters also provide an insight into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on waste management practices in this region.Risks and Challenges of Hazardous Waste Management is an insightful reference for management trainees, professionals and researchers associated with waste management and environmental health firms. Readers will gain insights into current issues and practices in the respective industries. The reviews and case studies presented in the reference are also useful to professionals involved in risk assessment studies.

Solar Chimney Power Plants: Numerical Investigations and Experimental Validation summarizes the effect of the geometrical parameters of a solar chimney on the airflow behavior inside a solar chimney power plant. Chapters in this experimental handbook are presented in two parts with the goal of equipping readers with the information necessary to study and determine key factors which affect the performance of the solar chimney power plant.In the first part, the authors present a simulation developed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling software ANSYS Fluent to model the airflow. The adopted CFD models include k-? turbulence model, the DO radiation model and the convection heat flux transfer model. These models have been validated with anterior experimental results.In the second part, the simulated models are then tested with alternate geometric configurations of the solar chimney power plant. The numerical studies allow readers to consider ways to expand on the design optimizing of the solar chimney when constructing a prototype. Geometrical parameters include the height, the diameter of the chimney and the dimensions of the solar collector and their effect on the temperature and air pressure is documented to validate models used for experimental simulations.The handbook also includes a study of an experimental prototype, constructed at ENIS. The researchers have gathered data on the environmental temperature, distribution of the temperature, air velocity and the power output generated by the turbine, the solar radiation and the gap of temperature in the collector of the prototype.

Hazardous Waste Management and Health Risks presents a systematic overview of evaluating solid and hazardous waste management practices. The book introduces readers to the basic principles of hazardous waste management and progresses into related topics that allow managers to assess environmental quality. These topics include heavy metal pollution, reproductive biomarkers as signals of environmental pressure and health risks, and environmental contamination in an international perspective. With an emphasis on sustainable development throughout the text, a zero-waste strategy as an alternative way to manage hazardous waste is suggested in a dedicated chapter. This reference book is intended as an introductory guide for managers taking waste management training courses and students involved in degree courses related to environmental engineering and management.

The discovery of new materials and the manipulation of their exotic properties for device fabrication is crucial for advancing technology. Nanoscience, and the creation of nanomaterials have taken materials science and electronics to new heights for the benefit of mankind. Advanced Materials and Nanosystems: Theory and Experiment covers several topics of nanoscience research. The compiled chapters aim to update students, teachers, and scientists by highlighting modern developments in materials science theory and experiments. The significant role of new materials in future technology is also demonstrated. The book serves as a reference for curriculum development in technical institutions and research programs in the field of physics, chemistry and applied areas of science like materials science, chemical engineering and electronics. This part covers 12 topics in these areas: 1. Recent advancements in nanotechnology: a human health Perspective 2. An exploratory study on characteristics of SWIRL of AlGaAs/GaAs in advanced bio based nanotechnological systems 3. Electronic structure of the half-Heusler ScAuSn, LuAuSn and their superlattice 4. Recent trends in nanosystems 5. Improvement of performance of single and multicrystalline silicon solar cell using low-temperature surface passivation layer and antireflection coating 6. Advanced materials and nanosystems 7. Effect of nanostructure-materials on optical properties of some rare earth ions doped in silica matrix 8. Nd2Fe14B and SmCO5: a permanent magnet for magnetic data storage and data transfer technology 9. Visible light induced photocatalytic activity of MWCNTS decorated sulfide based nano photocatalysts 10. Organic solar cells 11. Neodymium doped lithium borosilicate glasses 12. Comprehensive quantum mechanical study of structural features, reactivity, molecular properties and wave function-based characteristics of capmatinib

The book helps readers to understand the fundamentals of water purification processes. Chapters in the book cover industrial purification techniques, while also exploring the future scope and current challenges in this field. Key Features - seven chapters arranged and structured in a clear, coherent manner for understanding the broad topics. - Covers basic water purification techniques for safe drinking water - Covers defluoridation techniques - Explains the parameters affecting photocatalytic degradation of substituted benzoic acids. - Includes a case study for seasonal variations in pond water - Covers the role of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment - Covers the impact of water mismanagement on the environment with suggestions for preventive measures for sustainable water utilization This reference informs advanced readers (sustainable development professionals, post-graduate and research scholars) interested in water treatment processes. It also serves as a resource for courses in environmental chemistry, waste management and sustainability.

Among neurodegenerative diseases, those that lead to a state ofdementia are the aim of severalinvestigations. Dementia is a chronic disease the prevalence of whichis increasing worldwide. Thenumber of dementia patients in the world is approximately 50 million,and it is estimated that thenumber of patients will reach 131.5 million by 2050. This increase willbe accompanied by asignificant increase in medical expenditures and other expenses,especially for elderly patients.Therefore, the maintenance cost of dementia in the future is expectedto be quite high. For thisreason, several investigations aim, firstly, to describe the keymechanisms involved in the originof dementia and, secondly, to establish preventive and therapeuticstrategies in order tounderstand and mitigate this debilitating pathology. This volume of Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research -Dementia explores the current comorbidities that cause cognitiveimpairment and the current management alternatives for clinical cases ofdementia. The reviews contributed in these volume will provide readers with acurrent perspective on the subject. The topics covered in this volume include:- Comorbidities inducing mild cognitive impairment - an evaluation ofthe risk caused by some pathological conditions- Tau-targeted therapy in Alzheimers disease - history and currentstate- Emerging nanotherapeutic strategies in Alzheimers disease- Implication of dehydroepiandrosterone on dementia related tooxidative stress- Polyphenol compounds as potential therapeutic agents in Alzheimersdisease The volume is a timely update on dementia treatment for clinicalphysicians, neurologists, gerontologists, pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistryresearchers, and physiologists.

This reference is a guide to biomaterial fabrication techniques. The book comprises ten chapters introducing the reader to a range of biomaterial synthesis while highlighting biomedical applications. Each chapter presents a review of the topic followed by updated information about relevant core and applied concepts in an easy to understand format. The first two chapters present vital information about biomaterial components, such as polymer nanocomposites and scaffolds, and the strategies used for their fabrication. The proceeding chapters explain the principles of the most widely used fabrication techniques, and their application in detail. These include freeze drying, electrospinning, 3D printing, multiphoton lithography, particulate leaching, supramolecular self assembly, solvent casting and melt molding. The book is an essential primer on biomaterial synthesis for students and early career researchers in the field of biomedical engineering, applied chemistry and tissue engineering.

Researchers have tried various effective treatments that prevent the progressive neurodegeneration of neurons within the brain. Parkinsons disease (PD), Alzheimers disease (AD), and Multiple sclerosis (MS) are some of the most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Recent Advances in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders provides interesting updates on treatments of these neurological disorders. Ten chapters have been contributed by experts in pharmacology and give a unique perspective to reader on special topics in this area, including the treatment of neurodegenerative treatment of neurodegenerative disease through ayurveda and phytochemicals, the therapeutic role of vitamins in Parkinsons disease, mushrooms in NDD treatment, MS treatment, ALS treatment and the use of nanoparticles and nano formulations in NDD treatment. This is an informative reference for pharmacologists, medicinal chemists and healthcare professionals (general practitioners and neurologists) seeking updates in the treatment of some common neurodegenerative disorders.

Animal disease models are a vital tool to study diseases and associated conditions. Studies on animal models can, in some cases, be used as a basis for modeling and understanding human diseases. Biomedical scientists face a challenge to choose the correct animal model to study disease pathology, and neurological diseases are no exception to this rule. Animal Models for Neurological Disorders covers different animal models which have been used for studying neurological disorders. 13 topical chapters have been contributed by a group of experts on the subject with an aim to cover emerging experimental models of a range of neurological diseases encountered in the clinic including Alzheimers disease, psychosis, Parkinsons, Huntingtons disease, vascular dementia, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis and brain tumors, among others. The chapters also inform readers about relevant clinical correlations in each disease model where appropriate. Animal Models for Neurological Disorders is intended for all scholarly researchers and students of biomedical sciences, pharmacology, medicine (oncology, neurology, psychiatry), pharmacy, biochemistry, and biotechnology. The organized contents of the book also serve as a quick reference point for scientists working in applied areas of neuroscience including the study of neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive dysfunction in living organisms.

Applications of NMR Spectroscopy is a book series devoted to publishing the latest advances in the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in various fields of organic chemistry, biochemistry, health and agriculture. The ninth volume of the series features reviews that highlight NMR spectroscopic techniques in microbiology, food science, pharmaceutical analysis and cancer diagnosis. The reviews in this volume are: - NMR spectroscopy for the characterization of photoprotective compounds in cyanobacteria- Coffee assessment using 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis: a review- Evaluation of structure-property relationship of coconut shell lignins by NMR spectroscopy: from biorefinery to high-added value products- Application of NMR spectroscopy in chiral recognition of drugs- NMR-based metabolomics: general aspects and applications in cancer diagnosis

Medicinal and Environmental Chemistry: Experimental Advances and Simulations is a collection of topics that highlight the use of pharmaceutical chemistry to assess the environment or make drug design and chemical testing more environment friendly. The eleven chapters included in the second part of this book set cover diverse topics, blending the fields of environmental chemistry and medicinal chemistry and have been authored by experts, scientists and academicians from renowned institutions. This part is more specialized in nature, focusing primarily on the effects of air pollution and water contamination on human health. Chapters covering pharmaceutical interventions and pollution control measures, respectively follow these initial topics. Part II also features specialized topics that aim to address some unique challenges of the above mentioned problems including antibiotic pollution, pharmaceutical analysis of pollutants, chemosensors, biosteric modifications and new drug development strategies against SARS-CoV2. Key Features:1. 11 topics which blend environmental chemistry and medicinal chemistry2. Contributions from more than 40 experts3. Includes topics covering effects of air pollution on human health and disease4. Includes specialized topics on pharmaceutical analysis in the environment, and modifications of compounds for pharmaceutical purposes5. Bibliographic references This reference is an essential source of information for readers and scholars involved in environmental chemistry, pollution management and pharmaceutical chemistry courses at graduate and undergraduate levels. Professionals and students involved in occupational medicine will also benefit from the wide range of topics covered.

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Diabetes and Obesity is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of two metabolic diseases diabetes and obesity. The scope of the series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs affecting endocrine and metabolic processes linked with diabetes and obesity. Reviews in this series also include research on specific receptor targets and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Diabetes and Obesity is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of diabetes and obesity research. The sixth volume of this series features 6 reviews which are informative guides to therapy and drug administration in diabetes and metabolic syndrome, for both the medical specialist and the pharmacologist. - The failing heart in diabetes with special emphasis on prevention- Flavonoids as prominent anti-diabetic agents- Chemosensor in glucose monitoring, advances and challenges - Synergistic drugs and polyherbal formulations for obesity: current status and future prospectives- Urge for herbal anti-diabetic medicines towards clinical and therapeutic implications- Curcuma longa as a dietary supplement and medication for diabetes mellitus: evidence from experimental studies

More than 4 decades have passed since the birth of the first in vitro fertilized baby in 1978. The use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) to overcome infertility has increased steadily with the simultaneous increase in the number of fertility centers in every part of the world. Access to infertility clinics is playing an important role in the treatment of different forms of infertility (like tubal disease, ovarian aging, or ovarian dysfunction). This book captures the state of current and recent advances in assisted reproduction technology in humans and livestock in an easy and comprehensive way for non-experts and learners. 10 chapters cover the biology of reproduction, and male ART methods (sperm retrieval and freezing) and female ART methods (oocyte activation, and cryopreservation), and finally embryo ARTs (assisted hatching and cloning techniques) with simple definitions and explanations. Tips to overcome problems are also presented where appropriate along with references for further reading. This book is a simple primer for students who are involved in courses in embryology or reproductive technologies as part of programs in biology, biotechnology, medicine and physiology.

This reference provides collective information about the physical andphotophysical changes of supramolecules after encapsulation. It coversluminescent systems involving a range of host molecules such as calixarenes, cyclodextrin, resorcinanene-crowns, pillararenes, cucurbituril, andmetallacycles. Chapters also discuss the effect of the macrocyclic environment onthe properties of functionalized molecules, including the variations in foldingand unfolding patterns. Each chapter is supplemented with detailed references,making this an ideal resource for scholars interested in supramolecularphotophysics.

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Hematology is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in learning about advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of hematological disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs employed in the treatment of anemias, coagulopathies, vascular diseases and hematological malignancies. Reviews in this series also include research on specific antibody targets, therapeutic methods, genetic hemoglobinopathies and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Hematology is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of hematology, oncology and vascular pharmacology. The fifth volume of this series features 7 reviews with a focus on thalassemia treatment and preeclampsia among other topics. - Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary embolism - An evidence-based approach to treatment with iron chelators in transfusion- dependent thalassemia patients: present trends and future scenario - Current and future treatments of iron overload in thalassemia patients - Preeclampsia: biological and clinical aspects - Haematological modulations by fixed dose combination (FDC) of tramadol hydrochloride/paracetamol (THP) - Possible use of eculizumab in critically ill patients infected with covid-19 role of complement c5, neutrophils, and nets in the induction DIC, sepsis, and MOF hematological markers - Emerging diagnostic and therapeutic targets in preeclampsia