Libros de Física, página 31 de 363

La reciente detección de indicios de un cuerpo varias veces más masivo que la Tierra más allá de la órbita de Neptuno ha causado revuelo en los medios de comunicación, que lo han bautizado como «el noveno planeta». Lo cierto es que la palabra «planeta» ha cambiado su significado a lo largo de la historia, y ha sido adjudicada y retirada a diversos cuerpos. En este momento, vale la pena hacer un inventario de todo lo que hemos aprendido hasta la fecha sobre el sistema solar. Más aún si tenemos en cuenta que el futuro inmediato se presenta muy apasionante, con una posible misión tripulada a Marte y otras no tripuladas en busca de vida en las lunas de Júpiter y Saturno.

Hemos estudiado "scattering" de fotones en guías de onda en 1D interaccionado con átomos mediante MPS. Hemos encontrado un comportamiento no trivial en la emisión espontánea de un átomo acoplado a una guia. Se ha determinado la estructura de la matriz S. Hemos encontrado que los sistemas lineales no inducen correlaciones y caracterizado la emergencia de fotonica lineal. Usando distintas configuraciones de fotones y atomos, hemos visto "scattering" Raman perfecto, generacion de 2 fotones perfecta, ausencia de las correlaciones foton-foton y hemos propuesto una puerta cuantica.

The Sixth Edition of Physics for Scientists and Engineers offers a completely integrated text and media solution that will help students learn most effectively and will enable professors to customize their classrooms so that they teach most efficiently. The text includes a new strategic problem-solving approach, an integrated Math Tutorial, and new tools to improve conceptual understanding.

The Sixth Edition of Physics for Scientists and Engineers offers a completely integrated text and media solution that will help students learn most effectively and will enable professors to customize their classrooms so that they teach most efficiently. The text includes a new strategic problem-solving approach, an integrated Math Tutorial, and new tools to improve conceptual understanding.

"Lo que puedas vivir en el Aire, no lo vivas en el Suelo", y tras leeresta frase es justo cuando despegas, ¿A dónde? A un lugar en el quecielo y tierra, mirándose en espejo, se comunican en lenguajes queaparentemente son diferentes, "aparentemente", insisto.¿Como descubrir la puerta que oculta la Tierra y que lleva a lasestrellas?... ¿Te gustaria volar sin despegar tus pies del suelo? ¿Y si, derepente, alguien te mostrara como ver no solo las estrellas de arribasino tambien las que flotan bajo tu vuelo?... ¿si descubrieras que cadaconstelacion de estrellas tiene su historia?, para ti.Si quieres escuchar los Cuentos que la Tierra ha ido guardando en elescritorio del cielo, aabre este libro!, al azar, ¿Quien bajo avisitarte?...Entremos en Stellae "Las Estrellas" donde la magia no tiene truco.

Nobel Laureate Steven Weinberg combines exceptional physical insight with his gift for clear exposition, to provide a concise introduction to modern quantum mechanics, in this fully updated second edition of his successful textbook. Now including six brand new sections covering key topics such as the rigid rotator and quantum key distribution, as well as major additions to existing topics throughout, this revised edition is ideally suited to a one-year graduate course or as a reference for researchers. Beginning with a review of the history of quantum mechanics and an account of classic solutions of the Schrodinger equation, before quantum mechanics is developed in a modern Hilbert space approach, Weinberg uses his remarkable expertise to elucidate topics such as Bloch waves and band structure, the Wigner-Eckart theorem, magic numbers, isospin symmetry, and general scattering theory.

Non-Hermitian quantum mechanics (NHQM) is an important alternative to the standard (Hermitian) formalism of quantum mechanics, enabling the solution of otherwise difficult problems. The first book to present this theory, it is useful to advanced graduate students and researchers in physics, chemistry and engineering. NHQM provides powerful numerical and analytical tools for the study of resonance phenomena - perhaps one of the most striking events in nature. It is especially useful for problems whose solutions cause extreme difficulties within the structure of a conventional Hermitian framework. NHQM has applications in a variety of fields, including optics, where the refractive index is complex; quantum field theory, where the parity-time (PT) symmetry properties of the Hamiltonian are investigated; and atomic and molecular physics and electrical engineering, where complex potentials are introduced to simplify numerical calculations.

Providing a comprehensive introduction to quantum field theory, this textbook covers the development of particle physics from its foundations to the discovery of the Higgs boson. Its combination of clear physical explanations, with direct connections to experimental data, and mathematical rigor make the subject accessible to students with a wide variety of backgrounds and interests. Assuming only an undergraduate-level understanding of quantum mechanics, the book steadily develops the Standard Model and state-of-the-art calculation techniques. It includes multiple derivations of many important results, with modern methods such as effective field theory and the renormalization group playing a prominent role. Numerous worked examples and end-of-chapter problems enable students to reproduce classic results and to master quantum field theory as it is used today. Based on a course taught by the author over many years, this book is ideal for an introductory to advanced quantum field theory sequence or for independent study.

En las páginas siguientes —escribe el autor a Alicia, la destinataria de su libro—, pretendo mostrarte qué es la física cuántica, no una versión mistificada de ella. Me encantaría afirmar que las cosas pueden estar en dos sitios al mismo tiempo. Pero no puedo. Por el contrario, debemos entender que pueden hallarse en un lugar u otro, pero no objetivamente, sino sólo potencialmente. Podría decirte que los átomos se influyen a distancia, provocándose cambios instantáneos unos a otros. Pero no puedo. Me ayudaría creer que todo vale en los dominios de la física cuántica. Me gustaría contarte otra versión de esta teoría. Pero no la hay. La física es cuántica, no mágica . Quien no haya quedado impactado con la física cuántica es que no la ha entendido" (Niels Bohr). La idea de un mundo real cuyas partes más pequeñas existen objetivamente en el mismo sentido en que existen las piedras o los árboles, independientemente de si son o no observadas, es imposible (Werner Heisenberg). Pónganse cómodos y disfruten de la charla. Voy a explicarles cómo se comporta la naturaleza. Si ustedes simplemente aceptan que las cosas pueden ser así, les va a parecer espléndido y maravilloso. Si pueden evitarlo, no se pregunten: ¿cómo es posible? Nadie sabe cómo es posible (Richard Feynman). Mikael Rodríguez Chala es doctor en Física por la Universidad de Granada. Su especialidad es la investigación en física de partículas, a la que ha contribuido con más de 20 artículos en revistas internacionales de prestigio. Buena parte de su formación académica la ha realizado en algunos de los mejores centros de investigación del mundo, entre ellos el Centro Europeo para la Investigación Nuclear (CERN) en Ginebra y el Sincrotrón Alemán de Electrones (DESY) en Hamburgo. Asimismo ha participado activamente en distintas actividades de divulgación científica. En 2016 fue galardonado con el primer premio en el Certamen Nacional de Divulgación Científica convocado por el Centro Nacional de Física de Partículas, Astropartículas y Nuclear en la modalidad de artículos de divulgación. Actualmente trabaja en el Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC) de la Universidad de Valencia.

This book gives an overview for practitioners and students of quantum physics and information science. It provides ready access to essential information on quantum information processing and communication, such as definitions, protocols and algorithms. Quantum information science is rarely found in clear and concise form. This book brings together this information from its various sources. It allows researchers and students in a range of areas including physics, photonics, solid-state electronics, nuclear magnetic resonance and information technology, in their applied and theoretical branches, to have this vital material directly at han

This eleventh volume in the Poincare Seminar Series presents an interdisciplinary perspective on the concept of Time, which poses some of the most challenging questions in science. Five articles, written by the Fields medalist C. Villani, the two outstanding theoretical physicists T. Damour and C. Jarzynski, the leading experimentalist C. Salomon, and the famous philosopher of science H. Price, describe recent developments related to the mathematical, physical, experimental, and philosophical facets of this fascinating concept. These articles are also highly pedagogical, as befits their origin in lectures to a broad scientific audience. Highlights include a description of the manifold fundamental physical issues in play with time, in particular with the changes of perspective implied by Special and General Relativity; a mathematically precise discussion of irreversibility and entropy in the context of Boltzmann's and Vlasov's equations; a thorough survey of the recently developed "thermodynamics at the nanoscale," the scale most relevant to biological physics; a description of the new cold atom space clock PHARAO to be installed in 2015 onboard the International Space Station, which will allow a test of Einstein's gravitational shift with a record precision of 2 x 10-6, and enable a test of the stability over time of the fundamental constants of physics, an issue first raised by Dirac in 1937; and last, but not least, a logical and clarifying philosophical discussion of 'Time's arrow', a phrase first coined by Eddington in 1928 in a challenge to physics to resolve the puzzle of the time-asymmetry of our universe, and echoed here in a short poeme en prose by C. de Mitry. This book should be of broad general interest to physicists, mathematicians, and philosophers

At Les Houches in January 2015, experts in the field of charged particle trapping came together for the Second Winter School on Physics with Trapped Charged Particles. This textbook collates the lectures delivered there, covering the fundamental physics of particle traps and the different types of applications of these devices.Taken as a whole, the book gives an overview of why traps for charged particles are important, how they work, their special features and limitations, and their application in areas such as precision measurements, mass spectrometry, optical clocks, plasma physics, antihydrogen creation, quantum simulation and quantum information processing. Chapters from various world experts include those on the basic properties of Penning traps and RF traps, as well as those covering important practical aspects such as vacuum systems, detection techniques, and different types of particle cooling, including laser cooling.Each individual chapter provides information and guidance on the application of the above methods.Additionally, each chapter is complemented by fully worked problems and solutions, making Trapped Charged Particles perfect for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students new to this topic

Networks are everywhere, from the Internet, to social networks, and the genetic networks that determine our biological existence. Illustrated throughout in full colour, this pioneering textbook, spanning a wide range of topics from physics to computer science, engineering, economics and the social sciences, introduces network science to an interdisciplinary audience. From the origins of the six degrees of separation to explaining why networks are robust to random failures, the author explores how viruses like Ebola and H1N1 spread, and why it is that our friends have more friends than we do. Using numerous real-world examples, this innovatively designed text includes clear delineation between undergraduate and graduate level material. The mathematical formulas and derivations are included within Advanced Topics sections, enabling use at a range of levels. Extensive online resources, including films and software for network analysis, make this a multifaceted companion for anyone with an interest in network science.

This book is a treatise on time and on background independence in physics. It first considers how time is conceived of in each accepted paradigm of physics: Newtonian, special relativity, quantum mechanics (QM) and general relativity (GR). Substantial differences are moreover uncovered between what is meant by time in QM and in GR. These differences jointly source the Problem of Time: Nine interlinked facets which arise upon attempting concurrent treatment of the QM and GR paradigms, as is required in particular for a background independent theory of quantum gravity. A sizeable proportion of current quantum gravity programs - e.g. geometrodynamical and loop quantum gravity approaches to quantum GR, quantum cosmology, supergravity and M-theory - are background independent in this sense. This book's foundational topic is thus furthermore of practical relevance in the ongoing development of quantum gravity programs. This book shows moreover that eight of the nine facets of the Problem of Time already occur upon entertaining background independence in classical (rather than quantum) physics.By this development, and interpreting shape theory as modelling background independence, this book further establishes background independence as a field of study. Background independent mechanics, as well as minisuperspace (spatially homogeneous) models of GR and perturbations thereabout are used to illustrate these points.