Ebooks ciencias humanas, página 9 de 34

"He who fights with monsters should look to it that he himself does not become a monster. And if you gaze long into an abyss, the abyss also gazes into you."In 1886, Friedrich Nietzsche released a "prelude to a philosophy of the future" that would shatter the foundations of Western ethics. Beyond Good and Evil is a fierce, poetic, and uncompromising attack on the "dogmatism" of traditional philosophers and the herd mentality of modern society. Nietzsche invites the reader to step out of the shadows of inherited values and into the sunlight of intellectual independence.The Will to Power: Moving beyond the simple binaries of "good" and "evil," Nietzsche introduces the Will to Powerthe fundamental driving force of all living things to grow, dominate, and create. He argues that morality is not a universal truth but a tool used by different classes to assert their will. Through a series of 296 searing aphorisms, he challenges us to become "Free Spirits" capable of creating our own values in a world without absolute certainties.A Blueprint for the Individual: Nietzsches prose is a "hammer" meant to test the resonance of existing idols. He critiques everything from the "prejudices of philosophers" to the rise of nationalism and democracy, which he views as a leveling of human potential. Beyond Good and Evil remains one of the most provocative works in history, essential for anyone brave enough to question the very fabric of their reality and the origin of their convictions.Challenge everything you believe. Purchase "Beyond Good and Evil" today and begin your journey toward the Overman.

This comprehensive collection brings together the complete works of Swami Vivekananda, one of the most influential spiritual leaders of modern India. His writings and lectures explore Vedanta, self-discipline, purpose, and inner strength with clarity and inspiration. A foundational text for readers interested in spirituality, philosophy, and personal transformation.

The Female Quixote is Charlotte Lennoxs brilliant satire of romantic idealism and literary obsession. Inspired by Don Quixote, the novel follows a heroine whose imagination, shaped by romantic tales, collides with everyday reality. Clever, humorous, and insightful, this pioneering work critiques gender roles, reading culture, and societal expectations while remaining entertaining and intellectually engaging. A vital classic in the development of the English novel.

Este Devocionário da Divina Misericórdia é uma profunda expressão de fé e confiança no amor misericordioso de Deus. Inspirado na vida e na missão de Santa Faustina Kowalska, integra uma coleção de de

Two sophists display their dizzying array of logical fallacies in a comedic yet pointed examination of how language can be twisted to confuse rather than illuminate. Socrates narrates this encounter to Crito, detailing how the brothers Euthydemus and Dionysodorus entrap young students with verbal puzzles and semantic traps. The dialogue acts as a cautionary tale against the abuse of dialectic, distinguishing the mere game of argumentation from the serious pursuit of wisdom. It effectively highlights the danger of valuing victory in debate over the discovery of truth.

This comprehensive volume gathers the entire output of the ancient worlds most influential thinker, offering a panoramic view of his philosophical development. From the sharp, questioning tone of the early Socratic dialogues to the complex cosmologies and laws of his later years, the collection charts the course of Western thought. Readers can witness the birth of metaphysics, political theory, and ethics through the dramatic interplay of characters and ideas. It is the essential archive of the mind that shaped the intellectual history of Europe.

Aristotle treats the state as a natural organism, evolving from the family and village to facilitate the good life for its citizens. He classifies different political systemsmonarchy, aristocracy, and democracyanalyzing their virtues and their inevitable corruptions. The text discusses the distribution of power, the rule of law, and the critical role of the middle class in maintaining stability. It is a pragmatic study of governance, focusing on what is possible in the real world rather than an idealized utopia.

The nature of life itself is examined through the lens of the "psyche," or soul, which Aristotle defines as the form of a living body. He dissects the varying capacities of living things, from the nutritional powers of plants to the sensory and rational faculties of animals and humans. The work bridges biology and psychology, explaining how the mind perceives the world and how the intellect processes abstract forms. It is a crucial investigation into the relationship between the physical organism and its animating principle.

This ethical treatise proposes that the ultimate goal of human life is "eudaimonia," a state of flourishing achieved through the active exercise of virtue. Aristotle argues that character is built through habit, finding the "golden mean" between the vices of excess and deficiency. The work covers a wide range of human experience, from the nature of voluntary action to the different types of friendship and the importance of intellectual contemplation. It is a practical guide to living a good life, grounded in reason and human nature.

This dialogue presents a formidable intellectual challenge, featuring a youthful Socrates who is rigorously critiqued by the veteran philosopher Parmenides and his student Zeno. The text dissects the Theory of Forms with surgical precision, raising difficult questions about participation, likeness, and the unity of the Good. It shifts into a complex gymnastic of dialectic, exploring the necessary consequences of asserting whether "the one" exists or does not exist. This is Platos most technical and abstract work, often seen as a training manual for the highest levels of philosophical thought.

This historical document provides a granular look at the evolution of the Athenian government, detailing the specific reforms of Solon, Cleisthenes, and others. It describes the selection processes for juries and officials, offering a "behind-the-scenes" view of the worlds first democracy. The text serves as a factual counterweight to theoretical speculation, rooting political science in the actual practices of the state. It captures the complex machinery required to run a direct democracy in the ancient world.

Aristotle investigates the "first philosophy," seeking to understand the fundamental principles that govern all of existence. The text moves beyond physical observation to question the nature of substance, potentiality, and the divine intellect that moves the universe without being moved. It addresses the core questions of what it means for something to be, distinguishing between the accidental and the essential. This work remains a cornerstone of ontological inquiry, challenging the reader to grasp the underlying architecture of reality.

Aristotle formulates a system for classifying every object of human thought into ten distinct categories, such as substance, quality, and relation. This logical framework is designed to prevent ambiguity in language and to structure the way we predicate attributes to subjects. The text lays the groundwork for all deductive reasoning, establishing the rules for how we define and describe the world. It is the essential alphabet of Aristotelian logic, enabling clear and coherent argumentation.

The home of Callias becomes the setting for a dramatic showdown between Socrates and the most famous sophist of the age, Protagoras. The debate centers on the unity of the virtues and whether political skill can be taught, with the two thinkers frequently reversing their initial positions. Plato vividly dramatizes the clash between the long, eloquent speeches of the sophist and the short, incisive questions of the philosopher. The text offers a nuanced look at the relativism of the sophists and the Socratic equation of virtue with knowledge.

In this sequel to the Timaeus, Plato describes the mighty island nation of Atlantis, a civilization blessed by Poseidon but corrupted by mortal greed. The text details the citys concentric rings of water and land, its military power, and its eventual war with prehistoric Athens. The dialogue breaks off mid-sentence as Zeus prepares to punish the Atlanteans, leaving the story a tantalizing fragment. It is the origin of the Atlantis myth, serving as a warning against imperial overreach.

Set in the prison cell where Socrates spends his final moments, this dialogue transforms the tragedy of execution into a celebration of the philosophical life. The conversation focuses on four arguments for the immortality of the soul, offering a robust defense of the belief that death is merely the separation of the soul from the body. As the poison takes effect, the narrative maintains a serene and hopeful tone, emphasizing the philosophers detachment from physical concerns. It is a profoundly moving testament to the power of reason to conquer the fear of death.

In this concise analysis of dramatic art, Aristotle identifies the key components that make tragedy a powerful medium for emotional cleansing. He discusses the necessity of a unified plot, the "hamartia" or tragic flaw of the hero, and the cathartic effect of pity and fear on the audience. The text contrasts poetry with history, arguing that poetry is more philosophical because it deals with universals rather than particulars. It remains the primary source for understanding the structure and purpose of classical storytelling.

Aristotle exposes the tricks and fallacies used in competitive debate to produce the illusion of refutation without the substance of truth. He categorizes the various forms of verbal ambiguity and logical error, teaching the student how to dismantle a deceptive argument. The work serves as a defensive manual for the philosopher, protecting the integrity of dialectic against those who argue for victory rather than truth. It emphasizes the importance of precise language and valid reasoning in the pursuit of knowledge.

This work offers a variation on Aristotles ethical themes, focusing on the pursuit of the good and the role of virtue in a happy life. It examines the nature of voluntary action and moral responsibility, asking how we can be held accountable for our character. The text explores the relationship between wisdom and moral virtue, suggesting that knowing the good is intertwined with doing the good. It serves as a philosophical guide to the development of a noble and self-sufficient character.

This work explores the bridge between the determined world of nature and the free world of morality through the faculty of judgment. Kant analyzes our experience of the beautiful and the sublime, arguing that aesthetic pleasure acts as a symbol of the morally good. He also investigates the concept of teleology, asking if living organisms must be understood as having an internal purpose. It is a dense but rewarding study of how the human mind organizes the chaos of the world into harmony.