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Advances in Organic Synthesis is a book series devoted to the latest advances in synthetic approaches towards challenging structures. The series presents comprehensive reviews written by eminent authorities on different synthetic approaches to selected target molecules and new methods developed to achieve specific synthetic transformations or optimal product yields. Advances in Organic Synthesis is essential for all organic chemists in academia and the industry who wish to keep abreast of rapid and important developments in the field. This volume presents the following reviews:Asymmetric hydrogenation of tetrasubstituted olefinsRecent advances in catalytic organic synthesis applications of covalently supported ionic liquidsRecent developments in intramolecular cyclization reactions via carbon-heteroatom (c-x) bond formationEfficient synthetic protocol and mechanistic study of quinazoline analogues and their biological importanceSynthesis of N,O,S-heterocycles by one-pot reactions of epoxides, aziridines and oxaziridines

Advances in Organic Synthesis is a book series devoted to the latest advances in synthetic approaches towards challenging structures. The series presents comprehensive reviews written by eminent authorities on different synthetic approaches to selected target molecules and new methods developed to achieve specific synthetic transformations or optimal product yields. Advances in Organic Synthesis is essential for all organic chemists in academia and the industry who wish to keep abreast of rapid and important developments in the field. Volume 18 presents 7 reviews focused on ionic materials, nanoparticles and nitrogen containing heterocycles in organic synthesis. - Recent synthetic and biological advances in anti-cancer ferrocene-analogues and hybrids - Synthesis of fused nitrogenated heterocycles: intramolecular povarov reaction - Use of barbituric acid as a precursor for the synthesis of bioactive compound - Ionic liquids as solvents and/or catalysts for organic synthesis - Zinc oxide nanomaterials for biomedical applications - Superhydrophobic polymeric nanocomposites coatings for effective corrosion protection - Morphologies and properties of virgin and waste PP nanocomposites

Determining the presence of different types of toxic compounds (or xenobiotics) in food requires precise analytical methodologies. Examples of these techniques include separation techniques coupled to mass spectrometry, Variations in methods used depend on the physicochemical properties of each xenobiotic being tested for.Advances in the Determination of Xenobiotics in Foods explains recent developments in the field of xenobiotic determination in food. Readers are introduced to xenobiotic testing techniques through extensive reviews. Chapters also cover details about contaminants coming from food contact materials (such as plasticizers, food additives, polymer monomers/oligomers and non-intentionally added substances), substances used for food processing and sensing (nanoparticles), and residues of pesticides (that can also be present in the final food product). The book also includes information about specific xenobiotics that, due to their global distribution in the environment, are also likely to enter the food chain. Some of them are regulated (persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals) but there are many other types of contaminants (halogenated flame-retardants, perfluorinated compounds and micro- and nanoplastics) that must also be controlled. In addition, some xenobiotics could be present in the final food consumed because of food treatments (acrylamide, furan, heterocyclic aromatic amines, and glycidol esters). Finally, the concluding chapters of the book are devoted to the presence of natural contaminants such as mycotoxins and biogenic amines.The combination of extensive information of analytical techniques for xenobiotics along with a categorical treatment of food contaminants makes this volume a handy reference for food science and technology students and technicians involved in food safety and processing management roles.

Aerospace engineering encompasses a broad range of disciplines, including aerodynamics, which studies how air flows around objects like aircraft wings; propulsion systems, which power vehicles through the atmosphere or space; materials science, which focuses on developing lightweight yet durable materials for aerospace applications; and avionics, which involves designing and implementing electronic systems for navigation, communication, and control.Additionally, aerospace engineers work on structural design to ensure that vehicles can withstand the stresses of flight and space travel, as well as thermal management to regulate temperatures in extreme environments. They also contribute to the development of guidance and control systems to maintain stability and control during flight.Moreover, aerospace engineering extends beyond Earths atmosphere, with space exploration being a significant area of focus. This includes designing spacecraft for missions to satellites, communication and observation, etc. Overall, aerospace engineering plays a crucial role in advancing our understanding of the universe and expanding our capabilities beyond the confines of our planet.

African Meteorites is a comprehensive exploration of meteorite falls and finds across the arid and hot regions of the African continent, offering profound insights into a significant collection of meteorites, second only to Antarctica. The book is divided into seven chapters, covering the origin and formation of meteorites, statistical analyses of meteorite falls in African countries, classes and mass distribution of meteorite finds, allocation and renaming of North West African (NWA) meteorites, exceptional and rare meteorite falls and finds in Eastern Morocco Sahara, protocols for recognizing, recovering, and preserving meteorites in Sahara, and a review of confirmed and proposed meteorite falls, finds, and impact structures in Egypt, Sudan, and Libya. With detailed and updated references complementing the simple presentation, this book is an invaluable resource for meteoriticists, hunters, museums, astronomers, students, and geology and astronomy enthusiasts, on the origin, characteristics, and collection of meteorites discovered in Africa. Key Themes: Meteorite origin, formation, and classificationMeteorite falls and finds in AfricaUnique features of North West Africa (NWA) meteoritesRare and exceptional meteorite falls and finds in Eastern Morocco SaharaProtocols for recognizing and preserving meteorites in the SaharaMeteorite falls, finds, and impact structures in Egypt, Sudan, and LibyaReadership: Meteoriticists, geologists, mineralogists, historians, researchers and general readers.

Even in the third decade of the twenty-first century, it is still harder for women to make a career in science than men. Two centuries ago, however, at the beginning of the nineteenth century, when science as we know it was just getting started, the situation was far worse. Then, the very notion of a female scientist would have been regarded as something of an oxymoron.From bestselling and award-winning science writers John and Mary Gribbin, Against the Odds highlights the achievements of women who overcame hurdles and achieved scientific success (although not always as much as they deserved) in spite of male prejudice, as society changed over about 150 years, from the middle of the nineteenth century to the end of the twentieth century.There is Eunice Newton Foote, who discovered the carbon dioxide greenhouse effect; Chien-Shiung Wu, who discovered the law which allows matter to exist in the Universe today; and Barbara McClintock, who discovered how genes turn on and off.With a foreword from astrophysicist Jocelyn Bell Burnell, this book is not only a cautionary tale about the stifling effects of prejudice against women in science, but is a celebration of those who achieved success against the odds - and an inspiration for the next generation.

Hace muchos, muchos años, en un momento en que a las mujeres no se les permitía estudiar, y menos trabajar en lo que deseaban, un médico fue denunciado injustamente por seducir a sus pacientes. A punto de ser declarado culpable, el muchacho de pelo raro se arranco la barba y el bigote que cubrian su cara y descubrio ante todos que era, en realidad, una mujer. Asi tuvo que disfrazarse Agnodice, esta valiente joven ateniense, para lograr ejercer la medicina. Su teson y su coraje supusieron una conquista para los derechos de la mujer.

Banana farming is the basis for commercial fruit trading. Every banana plant generates waste biomass nearly ten times the quantity of its fruits. Disposal of waste biomass is a burden for the farmers. Economical use of the waste biomass can bring financial benefit to banana farmers. Use of organic potash in lieu of inorganic potash affords higher yield and also helps to preserve the ecosphere of soil for subsequent crops. Agricultural Benefits of Postharvest Banana Plants details the use of postharvest banana plants for agriculture and trade. Eleven chapters explain both traditional and modern uses of banana plants. The reader is informed how bio-waste from postharvest banana plants (including their stems) can be used as organic potash to replace inorganic potash (muriate of potash) in fertilizer. Experimental uses of banana plant pseudo-stem juice for growing different crops along with chemical analysis of the pseudo-stems are explained in separate chapters. Isolations of potassium chloride and potassium carbonate have also been discussed in the latter part of the book. This book is an ideal handbook for professionals and trainees interested in utilizing postharvest banana plants for sustainable agriculture and trade. The information is also useful for students and teachers involved in agricultural biotechnology and traditional agriculture courses.

Agroecologia: A Agricultura Sustentável é um livro que apresenta uma abordagem sustentável para a produção de alimentos, focando na promoção da saúde humana e do meio ambiente. Ele abrange uma série

Despite the current technological advancement, agriculture being a vital source of livelihood, was essentially dependent on weather and climate, and is adversely affected by the weather and climate related extreme events. Over the past few decades, extreme events such as droughts, floods, storms, tropical cyclones and forest fires have destroyed economic and social infrastructure and at the same time endangered food security. The agricultural sector is affected through the impact on water resources, damage to crops, rangelands and forests due to incidence of droughts, locust plagues and wilde and fires. Given the current recognition of the importance of preparedness to cope with risks and uncertainties associated with climate extremes, it is important to develop suitable and sustainable strategies to alleviate the impact of natural disasters on crop productivity. Improved forecast accuracy and more focused information on the location, intensity and duration of climate extremes could underpin efforts to implement more effective risk management strategies. It is crucial that governments exercise their sovereign responsibility to prepare and issue early warnings of extreme events in a timely and effective manner to reduce their impact on agricultural production. While natural hazards may not be avoided, integration of risk assessment and early warnings, prevention and mitigation measures including community capacity building and livelihood strategies, can prevent them from becoming disasters. There is also a need to develop locally agrometeorological adaptation strategies to reduce the effect of natural disasters especially in vulnerable regions where food and fibre production is most sensitive and vulnerable to climatic fluctuations. This proposed book based on state of the art knowledge on the science and application of agricultural meteorology needed to better cope with extreme climate events, should be of interest to all organizations and agencies engaged in planning disaster reduction strategies and management for prevention and mitigation of extreme events. The publication will also be of equal interest to the agrometeorologists of the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of the countries throughout the globe as well as to the agricultural planners, meteorologists associated with public weather services, forest fire forecasters, and the various departments of governments concerned with agriculture and food production.Contents:1. Agrometeorology in Extreme Events and Natural Disasters An Overview2. Drought and Desertification3. Irrigation Scheduling to Combat Moisture Deficit in Plants4. Heavy Rains, Floods, Hail and Snow and their Impact on Agriculture5. Tropical Cyclones, Storm Surges, Thunderstorms, Tornadoes and Squalls: Implications for Agriculture6. Agrometeorology Related to Extreme Temperatures, Heat Waves and Frost7. Wind Storms and Sand/Dust Storms and their Effect on Environment and Plants8. Forest- and Bush-Fire and their Impact on the Environment9. Pests and Diseases of Crops and Livestock10. Environmental and Agricultural Implications of Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Volcanic Eruptions11. Community Capacity Building and Livelihood Strategies in Disaster Management and Mitigation of Adverse Impacts on Agricultural Sector12. Role of Agricultural Chemicals on Soil, Water and Air Pollution and their Effects on Plants, Livestock and Aquatic Systems13. Climate Change, Extreme Events and Change in Cry...

Gosto de descrever esse episódio na minha vida com uma metáfora que inventei. Era como se eu estivesse dirigindo em uma estrada asfaltada com lindas paisagens rumo ao destino que sempre sonhei. Do nada, o asfalto virou cho batido e sacudia muito, quando vi era o fim da estrada. O que tinha pela frente era mata fechada e a estrada era estreita, no tinha como retornar. Foi nesse momento, quando o medico revelou que eu tinha cancer de mama, bem nesse momento, que o tempo parou e minha vida mudou para sempre. Era meu primeiro diagnostico. Entreguei minha vida a Deus e entrei na mata, sem saber aonde ia dar, apenas com fe que meu destino no estava em minhas mos. Entreguei para Deus, entrei na mata e a partir de ento respirei aliviada, ja no importava o que aconteceria, seria o melhor.

Agujeros blancos: el destino cuántico de los agujeros negros. ¿Qué hay más allá del fin de los tiempos?¿Qué sucede cuando un agujero negro muere? Este libro es un viaje a los confines literales del universo, mas alla del fin de los tiempos; es un arrullador deslizamiento hacia su interior, una caida por esa grieta del cosmos: nos sumergimos en sus adentros y vemos como la geometria se dobla, el tiempo y el espacio tiran y se estiran y, en el epicentro de su nucleo, se disuelven y nace un agujero blanco.Carlo Rovelli, que ha dedicado toda su carrera a tratar de encajar las ideas de la relatividad general y las desconcertantes incertidumbres de la mecanica cuantica, sigue su aventura investigando esta linea divisoria, justo a partir del punto en que las ecuaciones de Einstein ya no sirven, e investiga si todos los agujeros negros podrian convertirse eventualmente en agujeros blancos, esa forma de la materia en la que la flecha del tiempo se invierte.Igual que Dante se acompaño de Virgilio para cruzar el umbral de los infiernos, Rovelli se sirve aqui de los versos de la Divina Comedia para atravesar el horizonte de sucesos y conocer que hay detras de un agujero negro. Con su prosa agil, delicada y contundente, el autor comparte el miedo y la frecuente decepcion de explorar hipotesis y mundos desconocidos; pero, por encima de todo, transmite el deleite de perseguir nuevas e inesperadas ideas, y nos invita a experimentar la fiebre y la inquietud de la ciencia.

El primer libro del científico Fernando Izaurieta es un viaje hacia los agujeros negros, feroces monstruos de espacio y tiempo. Usando el pensamiento científico, su relato nos lleva desde el inicio del tiempo en el big bang hasta su destruccion en la singularidad de los agujeros negros. La ciencia, el metodo de la duda y el escepticismo, es la clave para descifrar los misterios del universo y, tambien, para descubrir como forjar un futuro para la humanidad aun en sus momentos de crisis. A traves de un relato agil, junto con ejemplos cotidianos y accesibles, en estas paginas podemos asomarnos al interior de los agujeros negros. Alli, las ideas de Albert Einstein y Stephen Hawking nos llevan a visualizar fenomenos tan violentos y extraños que hacen palidecer a las grandes obras de la ciencia ficcion.

Una manzana cae, los planetas giran majestuosamente alrededor del Sol, el remolino de un agujero negro ejerce su atracción fatal (¡y es fotografiado directamente por primera vez!), diminutas ondas gravitacionales fluctuan en el tejido invisible del espacio-tiempo. Estamos ante distintas expresiones de la enigmatica fuerza de la gravedad. ¿Como la entiende la ciencia desde Newton hasta Einstein, pasando por los intentos de descifrarla en la escala de la gravedad cuantica? ¿Como la retrata la literatura y el cine? ¿Que reflexiones filosoficas nos despierta?. En este libro Gerardo Herrera nos habla de uno de los descubrimientos cientificos mas importantes de este siglo, la deteccion de las ondas gravitacionales, asi como de los agujeros negros, a los que estan intimamente ligadas. Empezando con las ideas de Galileo y Newton, el libro nos guia hacia la relatividad de Einstein, la curvatura del espacio-tiempo, los agujeros negros y las ondas gravitacionales. El autor nos lleva despues por el camino de las teorias de unificacion que intentan reconciliar la vision de Einstein de la gravedad con la mecanica cuantica, y nos introduce a los conceptos de la teoria de cuerdas y la gravedad cuantica. Finalmente, Herrera explora la relacion de nuestras modernas teorias fisicas con el cine y la literatura, para concluir con una vision filosofica sobre la naturaleza del tiempo y el destino del Universo. Este es sin duda un libro apasionante que nos habla de una de las grandes aventuras del pensamiento humano, que debe leer cualquiera que este interesado en entender los ultimos grandes avances de la fisica, la cosmologia y la astrofisica.

Livre de tous les superlatifs, le Zarathoustra de Nietzsche continue de fasciner, 120 ans après sa première publication. Par son écriture, dabord, qui rappelle, à bien des égards, la Bible et sa dime

El ajedrez es más que un juego, es un mundo, o mejor, un conjunto de mundos tan fascinantes como inabarcables, que nos atraen como imanes porque tienen que ver con lo que más nos distingue: nuestro cerebro, la capacidad de razonar logicamente. Ajedrez y ciencia, pasiones mezcladas trata del juego y de sus dimensiones cientificas; es decir, de nosotros mismos. Su autor es Leontxo Garcia, que fue cocinero antes de fraile, esto es, ajedrecista antes de convertirse en el ministro plenipotenciario del ajedrez en España, como certeramente le califica Jose Antonio Marina en su brillante prologo. Este libro es como el ajedrez, porque en el los lectores encontraran un sinfin de temas. Conoceran, por ejemplo, los poderosos argumentos que propiciaron lo que el autor denomina el milagro del 11 de febrero de 2015: el Parlamento español apoyo por unanimidad el desarrollo del ajedrez como herramienta pedagogica. Historias ligadas a la ciencia, que tocan asuntos cuya repercusion va mucho mas alla de un tablero: por que hay tan pocas mujeres en el ajedrez; como es posible que la mayoria de los jugadores tenga una memoria asombrosa; como funciona su cerebro; la relacion del deporte mental por excelencia con la locura, el dopaje o las matematicas; las conexiones del ajedrez con la informatica (recuerdense los duelos del programa Deep Blue con Kasparov); sus aplicaciones sociales, o si su practica ayuda a retrasar el envejecimiento cerebral, manifestado en males como el Alzheimer.

Los primeros científicos que experimentaron con la física atómica tuvieron la "suerte" de vivir unos tiempos interesantes. En plena Segunda Guerra Mundial, la ciencia alemana se convirtió en un asunto politico: Heisenberg, Planck, Einstein y Debye, entre muchos otros, tuvieron que definirse. Como cientificos y como personas. Y, para algunos de ellos, la definicion no fue la misma.

¿Quién fue Turing, y cuáles fueron sus logros durante sus 41 años de vida? Hoy es mejor conocido como el genio que descifraba las comunicaciones secretas de los alemanes durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Fue tambien el padre de la informatica moderna: cada vez que hacemos clic para abrir un archivo, estamos poniendo en practica sus ideas y visiones.Pero fue tambien un hombre que se preguntaba si a los ordenadores les podrian gustar las fresas con nata, o si serian capaces de componer musica. Un genio introvertido, de curioso aspecto y sentido del humor infantil, que sufrio una humillante condena por ser homosexual y acabo su vida envenenado con arsenico (¿se suicido Alan Turing? ¿Lo asesinaron? El autor tiene sus teorias, y alguna informacion de primera mano, sobre este tema controvertido). Una obra imprescindible para geeks informaticos, interesados en la tecnologia y en la historia de las guerras mundiales.

Alan Turing was an extraordinary man who crammed into his 42 years the careers of mathematician, codebreaker, computer scientist and biologist. He is widely regarded as a war hero grossly mistreated by his unappreciative country, and it has become hard to disentangle the real man from the story. Now Dermot Turing has taken a fresh look at the influences on his uncles life and creativity, and the creation of a legend. He discloses the real character behind the cipher-text, answering questions that help the man emerge from his legacy: how did Alans childhood experiences influence him? How did his creative ideas evolve? Was he really a solitary genius? What was his wartime work after 1942, and what of the Enigma story? What is the truth about the conviction for gross indecency, and did he commit suicide? In Alan Turing Decoded, Dermots vibrant and entertaining approach to the life and work of a true genius makes this a fascinating and authoritative read.

¿Y si envejecer fuera una enfermedad y fuese tratable como tal?El libro escrito por un aclamado científico de la facultad de Medicina de Harvard y una de las personas más influyentes de según Time, que cambiara paradigmas sobre el envejecimiento.Que envejecer es inevitable es una verdad aparentemente innegable. pero, ¿que pasaria si todo lo que se nos ha dicho hasta ahora sobre el envejecimiento resultase incierto?, ¿que sucederia si pudieramos elegir nuestra esperanza de vida?En este libro innovador y asombroso, el Dr. David Sinclair, autoridad mundial y lider en genetica y longevidad, revela una nueva y audaz teoria. Como el explica, el envejecimiento es una enfermedad y es una enfermedad tratable. Experimentos recientes en la reprogramacion genetica sugieren que, en un futuro cercano, no solo podremos sentirnos mas jovenes, sino serlo. Mediante estas paginas, el Dr. Sinclair nos invita al proceso de descubrimiento cientifico y revela algunas tecnologias emergentes y algunos cambios simples en el estilo de vida que nos ayudaran a sentirnos mas jovenes y a estar mas saludables por mas tiempo como el ayuno intermitente, la exposicion al frio, hacer ejercicio con la intensidad adecuada y comer menos carne.Alarga tu esperanza de vida cambiara para siempre nuestra idea sobre por que envejecemos y que podemos hacer al respecto.El doctor David Sinclair es profesor de genetica en la Harvard Medical School y ha sido nombrado por la revista Time como una de las 100 personas mas influyentes. Su trabajo ha aparecido ampliamente en los medios de comunicacion y ha fundado y codirigido nueve compañias de biotecnologia desde 2005.