Karl Marx, página 8 de 23

Il Capitale Libro I, ha per titolo Il processo di produzione del capitale, in cui Marx ha inteso esporre le categorie basilari della struttura sociale capitalistica, quelle categorie che ne rappresentano il nocciolo e il fondamento. Preso atto che la forma elementare in cui si presenta la ricchezza nella societa capitalistica e la singola merce, Marx ne analizza le determinazioni teoriche. Terminata lanalisi della merce e del denaro, Marx passa ad analizzare i diversi momenti dellaccumulazione capitalistica, che e una particolare e specificamente determinata forma di accumulazione di denaro. Questultima non puo realizzarsi attraverso lo scambio, mediato dal denaro, di una merce contro unaltra merce. Due merci si scambiano, infatti, solo se hanno un valore eguale. Marx ipotizza che laccumulazione capitalistica si realizzi, quindi, attraverso lacquisto di una merce che vale di piu di quanto venga pagata. Questa merce e la forza-lavoro degli operai salariati. La differenza fra il valore prodotto dal lavoratore nel processo produttivo e il valore del salario ricevuto dallo stesso lavoratore e cio che Marx chiama plusvalore. Allinterno - come in tutti i volumi Fermento - gli "Indicatori" per consentire al lettore un agevole viaggio dentro il libro.

Marx y Engels, en cumplimiento del encargo recibido por la Federación de los Comunistas, redactaron el Manifiesto comunista (1848), de una importancia capital para el estudio del socialismo marxista o cientifico (en oposicion al utopico) base fundamental

To understand a limited historical epoch, we must step beyond its limits, and compare it with other historical epochs. To judge Governments and their acts, we must measure them by their own times and the conscience of their contemporaries. Nobody will condemn a British statesman of the 17th century for acting on a belief in witchcraft, if he find Bacon himself ranging demonology in the catalogue of science. On the other hand, if the Stanhopes, the Walpoles, the Townshends, etc., were suspected, opposed, and denounced in their own country by their own contemporaries as tools or accomplices of Russia, it will no longer do to shelter their policy behind the convenient screen of prejudice and ignorance common to their time. At the head of the historical evidence we have to sift, we place, therefore, long-forgotten English pamphlets printed at the very time of Peter I. These preliminary pieces des proces we shall, however, limit to three pamphlets, which, from three different points of view, illustrate the conduct of England towards Sweden. The first, the Northern Crisis (given in Chapter II.), revealing the general system of Russia, and the dangers accruing to England from the Russification of Sweden; the second, called The Defensive Treaty, judging the acts of England by the Treaty of 1700; and the third, entitled Truth is but Truth, however it is Timed, proving that the new-fangled schemes which magnified Russia into the paramount Power of the Baltic were in flagrant opposition to the traditionary policy England had pursued during the course of a whole century.

In "The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon," Karl Marx offers a piercing analysis of the political and social upheavals that marked France in the mid-19th century. Utilizing a blend of historical materialism and political economy, Marx meticulously examines the circumstances surrounding Louis Napoleons rise to power in 1851, framing it within the broader context of class struggle and revolutionary theory. The work is known for its rich historical detail and profound insights into the mechanisms of power, revealing how social conditions and class interests shape political outcomes. Through its dynamic narrative style, it serves not only as political analysis but also as a reflection on the contradictions of bourgeois democracy. Karl Marx, born in 1818, emerged as a cornerstone figure in political philosophy and economics, influenced by Enlightenment thinkers and the tumultuous context of 19th-century Europe. His firsthand experiences of revolution, class exploitation, and the limitations of political movements propelled him to craft this critical exploration. Whether addressing themes of ideology, tyranny, or social conflict, MarxAos work embodies his commitment to unveiling the underlying forces at play in societal structures. "The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon" is essential reading for those seeking to understand the intersections of politics, society, and economics, resonating with contemporary issues of power dynamics. This compelling work invites readers to critically engage with the lessons of history, making it a valuable contribution to both academic study and political activism.

Estudio preliminar José Fernández Vega. La Liga Comunista, una organización obrera internacional, que en las circunstancias de la época -huelga decirlo- sólo podía ser secreta, encargó a los abajo firmantes, en el congreso celebrado en Londres en noviembre de 1847, la redaccion de un detallado programa teorico y practico, destinado a la publicidad, que sirviese de programa del partido. Asi nacio el Manifiesto, que se reproduce a continuacion y cuyo original se remitio a Londres para ser impreso pocas semanas antes de estallar la revolucion de febrero. Publicado primeramente en aleman, ha sido reeditado doce veces por los menos en ese idioma en Alemania, Inglaterra y Norteamerica. La edicion inglesa no vio la luz hasta 1850, y se publico en el Red Republican de Londres, traducido por miss Elena Macfarlane, y en 1871 se editaron en Norteamerica no menos de tres traducciones distintas. La version francesa aparecio por vez primera en Paris poco antes de la insurreccion de junio de 1848; ultimamente ha vuelto a publicarse en Le Socialiste de Nueva York, y se prepara una nueva traduccion. La version polaca aparecio en Londres poco despues de la primera edicion alemana. La traduccion rusa vio la luz en Ginebra en el año sesenta y tantos. Al danes se tradujo a poco de publicarse.

Despues de la Biblia, el “Manifiesto comunista” es el texto más editado y traducido. Ninguna obra filosófica tuvo nunca tantos lectores. Esta es una obra maestra de la literatura subversiva de enorme

Ciento setenta años después de haber sido publicado por primera vez, el Manifiesto Comunista goza de una actualidad sorprendente. Obviamente sería necio no ver los enormes cambios producidos en el capitalismo durante todos estos años. Pero mas necio aun es no ver la inmensa actualidad de las tesis expuestas aqui por Marx y Engels, indispensables para comprender el mundo actual y su dinamica.Basta pensar por ejemplo en la crisis economica mundial desatada en el 2008, que nos recuerda que, tal como planteaba el Manifiesto, el desarrollo y la expansion capitalista viene acompañada con sus crisis periodicas, produciendo para lxs trabajadorxs un aumento de la miseria y la exclusion.El metodo utilizado por Marx y Engels les permitio, analizado el capitalismo aun en su infancia, capturar las caracteristicas esenciales y la dinamica central de ese modo de produccion. De hecho, si algo continua asombrando al leer el Manifiesto, es que parece una obra contemporanea, que describe la sociedad actual, incluso mas que la del siglo XIX. "El Manifiesto es esencialmente un programa para la accion de una organizacion politica de la clase trabajadora. Un llamado a la accion revolucionaria que mantiene plena vigencia para quienes hoy perciben la ruina a la que nos conduce el capitalismo y buscan luchar por un rumbo distinto para la humanidad".

Com o intuito de publicar todas as obras de Karl Marx, a Boitempo lança mais um título da coleção Marx-Engels. Últimos escritos econômicos traz dois textos da fase madura do autor em novas traduções

Después de la Biblia, el "Manifiesto comunista" es el texto más editado y traducido. Ninguna obra filosófica tuvo nunca tantos lectores. Esta es una obra maestra de la literatura subversiva de enorme influencia tanto literaria como historica, que se halla en las antipodas de los libros de filosofia convencionales. El Manifiesto del partido comunista trasciende las barreras historicas del tiempo para ofrecer al lector su mensaje mas valioso: la realidad social es fluida. Ninguna reflexion social puede prescindir de las aportaciones que Marx hizo, y que sucintamente estan expuestas en esta obra, en un lenguaje vibrante y claro. Sin el lastre de aquellos sistemas politicos que pretendieron apropiarse de el, el pensamiento de Marx resulta hoy imprescindible para analizar estos tiempos de desigualdad globalizada.

In "The Civil War in France," Karl Marx presents a compelling analysis of the Paris Commune of 1871, articulating the revolutionary fervor that erupted in response to the Franco-Prussian War. Employing a historical materialist lens, Marx delves into the social and political dynamics that shaped this short-lived government, juxtaposing it with the existing capitalist structures. His prose is both incisive and polemical, combining rigorous political theory with passionate advocacy for the proletariat, all within a context of 19th-century European upheaval. This work serves as both a historical narrative and a theoretical exposition, reflecting Marxs evolving ideas about class struggle and the dictatorship of the proletariat. Karl Marx, a German philosopher and economist, is widely renowned for his critique of political economy and his influence on socialist thought. Living through the seismic shifts of 19th-century Europe inform his writings, particularly the strategies and tactics of the working class amidst bourgeois oppression. "The Civil War in France" emerged from his observations of revolutionary movements and reflects his commitment to the cause of the working class, offering insights influenced by his earlier works, including "The Communist Manifesto." This book is essential reading for those interested in Marxist thought, revolutionary history, or the socio-political landscape of Paris in the 19th century. Readers will find MarxAos analysis not only relevant to his time but also resonant with contemporary struggles for social justice, making it a cogent commentary for activists and scholars alike.

"The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte" is one of Karl Marx most profound and most brilliant monographs. It may be considered the best work extant on the philosophy of history, with an eye especially upon the history of the Movement of the Proletariat, together with the bourgeois and other manifestations that accompany the same, and the tactics that such conditions dictate.

In Karl Marxs The XVIII Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, the author delves into the political upheaval of France in the mid-19th century, analyzing the rise of Louis Bonaparte to power and the complex social dynamics that shaped the era. Marxs writing is characterized by his incisive critique of capitalism and class struggle, making this work a seminal piece in Marxist literature. His keen observations on historical materialism and the revolutionary potential of the proletariat are evident throughout the book. Karl Marx, a prominent philosopher and economist, was deeply influenced by the social and economic conditions of his time, which led him to develop his theory of communism. His background in philosophy and political activism equipped him with the tools necessary to analyze and critique the political events unfolding in France. The XVIII Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte is a product of Marxs intellectual rigor and revolutionary spirit. I highly recommend The XVIII Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte to readers interested in 19th-century political history, Marxist theory, and the socio-economic forces that drive historical change. Marxs insightful analysis and sharp wit make this book a crucial read for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of class struggle and political power dynamics.

Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto is a seminal work in political theory, advocating for the overthrow of capitalist systems in favor of a classless society. Written in a clear and incisive style, the manifesto presents a succinct critique of the socioeconomic forces driving inequality and exploitation. Marx employs a revolutionary tone, urging the proletariat to rise up against the bourgeoisie and seize control of the means of production. The books significance lies in its influence on socialist movements worldwide, shaping the course of history in the pursuit of social justice and equality. Marxs prophetic vision of a society free from class divides continues to resonate in contemporary discourse on economic and political systems. As a foundational text of Marxist theory, The Communist Manifesto remains essential reading for anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of capitalism, socialism, and class struggle.

Este es un libro clásico, merecedor de una octava edición, ya que es una lectura indispensable para todos aquellos estudiosos de los textos metodológicos y políticos de Marx. Aunque la Contribución a la critica de la economia politica ha sido objeto de numerosas traducciones a nuestro idioma, sin embargo, incomprensiblemente, no fue merecedora de traduccion directa alguna. Importa menos, ahora, aludir a los inconvenientes que esto trajo apareado que a las ventajas que ofrece presentar la version traducida directamente del aleman, en circunstancias en que la discusion de los textos metodologicos (e historicos) de Marx trascienden un interes meramente filologico para instalarse mas directamente en el ambito de la politica. Esta nueva version que ahora presentamos va acompañada de otros textos marxianos vinculados a la misma o escritos en el clima historico y personal en que Marx redacto la obra. Conviene precisar, empero, que la reunion de estos no intenta establecer una conexion intrinseca entre todos ellos, salvo la que, obviamente, existe entre el Urtext (Fragmento de la version primitiva de la Contribucion a la critica de la economia politica) y Zur Kritik. Mas aun, respecto de otro de los trabajos incorporados en este volumen, la Einleitung (Introduccion general a la critica de la economia politica), considerada en numerosas oportunidades como introduccion a la Contribucion, estudios recientes intentan liberarla de una supuesta dependencia de esta y restaurar a su vez una conexion cronologica y tematica con los Grundrisse.

Primera aproximación a una versión crítica de la obra de Marx en castellano. No se trata de una edición más de El capital, ni de una complementación de las traducciones ya existentes; el equipo encabezado por Pedro Scaron realiza la traduccion utilizando como texto base la segunda edicion en aleman de la obra, ultima aparecida en vida de Marx, en la cual el autor efectuo una larga serie de modificaciones, numerosos agregados y algunas supresiones de su version original. Ademas, revisan criticamente todas las ediciones de El capital aparecidas en castellano, por lo que puede afirmarse que la presente es la edicion mas completa y acertada de las existentes en nuestra lengua.

Quando estive em Moscou em 1930, Riazanov me mostrou os textos escritos por Marx em Paris, em 1844. A leitura desses Manuscritos mudou toda a minha relaço com o marxismo e transformou minha perspectiva filosofica. Georg Lukacs "Com a descoberta dos Manuscritos economicos-filosoficos de Marx surge a seus olhos um substituto para essa filosofia falsamente concreta, um novo Marx que era realmente concreto e que ao mesmo tempo se elevava acima do petrificado e amolecido marxismo teorico e pratico dos partidos" Jurgen Habermas citando Herbert Marcuse "Quando eu disse a Antonio (Houaiss) que achava os Manuscritos economico-filosoficos, do jovem Marx, mais importantes que O Capital, ele foi acometido pela ira dos justos e chamou-me de revisionista." Sergio Paulo Rouanet Com traduço, introduço e notas de Jesus Ranieri e uma cronologia da vida de Karl Marx, a Boitempo Editorial esta lançando os Manuscritos economico-filosoficos, dentro do seu projeto de publicar no Brasil a obra completa de Marx, em novas traduçes direto do alemo. Publicados apenas apos sua morte, os Manuscritos foram escritos em 1844, quando Marx tinha apenas 26 anos e antes do seu celebre encontro com Engels. Os Manuscritos economico-filosoficos ou Manuscritos de Paris apresentam a planta fundamental do pensamento de Marx: a concentraço de sua filosofia na critica da economia nacional de Adam Smith, J.B. Say e David Ricardo. Na obra, Marx expe a discrepancia entre moral e economia, denunciando a radicalidade da exploraço do homem pela empresa capitalista. Enquanto a reproduço do capital e o unico objetivo da produço, o trabalhador ganha apenas para sustentar suas necessidades mais vitais, ou seja, para no morrer e poder continuar produzindo. O fundamento da teoria da mais-valia, desenvolvida mais tarde em O Capital, ja e antecipado nos Manuscritos.