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Having been discarded into the oblivion of "heretics", the figure of Juan de Valdés only began to be recovered at the end of the 19th century. Initially associated with Protestantism, Valdés has been portrayed by a range of writers who have each tried to classify him in one of the religious categories of the time: erasmian, catholic, alumbrado or protestant. However, the very diversity of portraits only confirmed the need for a more eclectic point of view. In his book Manuel Martinez-Ortega examines particular religious trends, texts and tendencies of Valdes time and context in order to identify, through the analysis of his writings, the particular characteristics and emphases of his eclecticism. His writings include commentaries on the Bible, with translation from Greek into Spanish, as well as a sizable "spiritual manual" and something like theological sketches, all of which portray his convictions and message. The analysis of his writings and their background reveal that, within the movement of Spanish Protestantism, Juan de Valdes constitutes a clear example of religious currents that received and assimilated key principles of the Protestant Reformation.

Ivan E. Mesa explores how English Particular Baptists held a unique view of the Jewish people within Gods unfolding redemption. As Dissenters themselves, Baptists empathized with the Jewish plight and connected their philo-Semitism to a larger theological vision that anticipated the Jews conversion and eventual return to the land of Israel. English Baptists viewed Jews as the people of God, "beloved for the fathers sake" (Rom. 11:28). They believed the nation of Israel would one day experience a transformative conversion, aligning with Gods covenantal promises. Through figures such as Henry Jessey, John Gill, Andrew Fuller, and Charles Spurgeon, the author demonstrates how these Baptists advocated for Jewish readmission to England, prayed for the Jews conversion, and engaged in charitable work. This Baptist perspective was distinct and influential, demonstrating a millenarian zeal that connected religious, political, and cultural realms within England, with implications stretching as far as the establishment of the modern state of Israel in 1948.Mesa offers a fresh perspective on Christian-Jewish relations, moving beyond the established narratives of anti-Semitism and toward a more comprehensive understanding of philo-Semitic eschatology.

Within the framework of a research project aimed at a systematic reconstruction of the ideology of Papacy in the years 14311549 (PRIN 2022 2022BXT33X) this volume takes the Renaissance Church as an institution promoting an ambivalent and complex project of religious reform, where the ideal of the affirmation of a new political power, coexists in dialectic tension with the attempt to absorb and channel the diverse claims for the spiritual renewal of the Church, based on Biblical and apocalyptic motifs. In particular, this volume explores 1) the influence of texts and motifs from early Christianity on the literature produced in the years 14311549 (e.g., the use of Patristic texts; the reception of Biblical motifs in the ideology of reform and in political theology); 2) the rise of the so-called "Catholic orientalism" in Renaissance Rome (biblical scholarship, interpretation of Hebrew texts, Christian Kabbalah), which influenced the conceptualization of different types of Christianity.This edited volume analyzes how Roman Catholic theologians in Rome used Bible exegesis, Patristic writings, and Hebrew studies to defend the Papacys authority against scholars like Lorenzo Valla, as well as the rising tide of the Reformation.

Sara Mannen in her book rejects the notion that Karl Barths theology makes God in the image of the modern autonomous subject and argues that his concept of divine personhood is best understood when reframed through the intellectual context that resulted from the Pantheism Controversy, which explicitly revolved around issues of the knowledge and nature of God and divine personhood. The work of Mendelssohn, Jacobi, Fichte, Herder, and Schelling created an environment that necessitated theologians address the concepts of divine personhood, divine absoluteness, and modern questions of theological epistemology. Mannen argues that Barths distinctly modern conception of divine personhood reflects and responds to this environment by providing the necessary divine ontological foundation that establishes God is capable of self-revelation without detriment to Gods absoluteness and that Barths motivation for the occasional use of counterfactual language is to maintain Gods personal nature and identity.

The fundamentals of every faith are exposed in their conceptualization of death. Recent studies have caricatured Post-Reformation Calvinist theology of death as cold and fatalistic. Jason D. Edwards examines the Reformed English Puritan John Flavels (ca. 16271691) theology of death through close analysis of his writings on mortality, dying, and eternal destiny. The spine of his doctrine was covenant theology, or how he understood the terms and applications of divine covenants, though this aspect of his theology has been largely neglected. Inquiry into Flavels treatment of death demonstrates how the Puritan minister emphasized union to Christ as Mediator as the only grounds for a believers hope. Flavel applied his theology to the spiritual needs of those facing death and dying with warmth, clarity, and conviction to anchor all hope in death upon Christ.

Aleksander Krogevoll offers the first extensive study on El Shadday. This includes the most thorough review of all etymologies proposed for Shadday and the most extensive examination on the use and meaning of Shadday in the Hebrew Bible. The author challenges the views that Shadday was unique to the Priestly source or that Priestly source invented the epithet. He supports the etymology of Shaddai being the Akkadian adu, "mountain." By tracing the epithet adu from Akkadian where it was attached to Enlil and Dagan to the Ugaritic El, Krogevoll presents a new hypothesis for how Shadday was introduced into Hebrew. This work is the first book-length study on the equation between El Shadday and Yahweh. Other scholars have proposed that their shared mountain motifs played a part in the equation, but this work is the first study to examine the equation through the lens of the shared mountain motifs at length.

Ambrosiaster ("Star of Ambrose") is the name given to the anonymous author of the earliest complete Latin commentary on the thirteen epistles of Paul. The commentaries were thought to have been written by Ambrose throughout the Middle Ages, but their authorship was challenged by Erasmus, whose arguments have proved decisive.Here for the first time Ambrosiasters commentaries on Romans and the Corinthian correspondence are made available in English translation, ably translated and edited by Gerald L. Bray.The commentaries, which serve as important witnesses to pre-Vulgate Latin versions of Pauls epistles, are noteworthy in other respects as well. Ambrosiaster was a careful and thoughtful interpreter, with little use for allegory, though he employed typology judiciously. Writing during the pontificate of Damasus (366-384), he is a witness to Nicene orthodoxy and frequently comments on themes related to the Trinity, the consubstantiality of the Son, the problem of the unbelief of the Jews and the nature of human sinfulness. He had a keen eye for moral issues and often offers comments that reflect his knowledge of how the church had changed from the time of the apostles to his own day.This commentary offers a rich repository of insight into the thinking of pre-Reformation church leaders for the leaders and teachers of the church today.Ancient Christian Texts are new English translations of full-length commentaries or sermon series from ancient Christian authors that allow you to study key writings of the early church fathers in a fresh way.

Jerome (c. 347-419), one of the Wests four doctors of the church, was recognized early on as one of the churchs foremost translators, commentators and advocates of Christian asceticism. Skilled in Hebrew and Greek in addition to his native Latin, he was thoroughly familiar with Jewish traditions and brought them to bear on his understanding of the Old Testament. In 405 Jerome completed his Latin translation of the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew text, and not long afterward began to work on commentaries devoted to the major prophets--Daniel (407), Isaiah (408-410), Ezekiel (410-414), culminating with Jeremiah but reaching only through chapter 32 before his death in 419.Throughout the commentary Jerome displays his familiarity with both Hebrew and Greek texts of Jeremiah, often establishing the literal meaning through the Hebrew text and offering a spiritual interpretation that draws on the Septuagint. He frequently interacts with other translations known from Origens Hexapla. Jeromes extensive education in the classics and Jewish tradition as well as in both Antiochene and Alexandrian exegesis shine through the commentary at every point. Here for the first time Michael Graves supplies readers with a highly readable translation in English, useful textual notes and a helpful introduction.Ancient Christian Texts are new English translations of full-length commentaries or sermon series from ancient Christian authors that allow you to study key writings of the early church fathers in a fresh way.

The church fathers displayed considerable interest in the early chapters of Genesis, and often wrote detailed commentaries or preached series of homilies on the Hexameron--the Six Days of Creation--among them Eustathius of Antioch, Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Theodore of Mopsuestia, Ambrose, John Chrysostom and Augustine.This volume of Ancient Christian Texts offers a first-time English translation of Severian of Gabalas In cosmogoniam and a fresh translation of a portion of Bede the Venerables Libri quatuor in principium Genesis. Severian, bishop of Gabala in Syria, who early on was a friend of John Chrysostom, later turned against him and opposed him at the Synod of Oak in 403. Though displaying his own strengths, weaknesses and idiosyncrasies, Severian still represents the so-called Antiochene school with its preference for literal over allegorical interpretation of texts. The text derives from the six homilies found in Migne?s Patrologia graeca, volume 56, together with a seventh homily found only in the 1613 Eton edition of John Chrysostom?s works, edited by Henry Savile, and falsely attributed to Chrysostom. These homilies have been ably translated with explanatory notes by Robert C. Hill.The commentary from Bede the Venerable derives from Book I of his four-book commentary on Genesis from the account of creation to the casting out of Ishmael. Bede was a polymath--teacher, computist, exegete, historian--and one of the foremost scholars from Anglo-Saxon England. As a teacher, Bede strove to hand on the tradition of the church in a form easily understood by those who might not be well educated. These early chapters in Genesis provided teaching on creation, human origins, sin and redemption. The text deriving from Corpus Christianorum Latina is ably translated with explanatory notes by Carmen Hardin.Ancient Christian Texts are new English translations of full-length commentaries or sermon series from ancient Christian authors that allow you to study key writings of the early church fathers in a fresh way.

En el contexto empresarial actual, los directivos requieren cada vez más del uso de nuevas metodologías para optimizar sus estrategias y reducir la incertidumbre. Herramientas como la inteligencia artificial, el big data, los modelos predictivos, el machine learning o la estadistica avanzada cobran una importancia crucial en los procesos de toma de decisiones.Entre los principales retos se encuentra la gestion de la cartera de clientes, especialmente la fidelizacion y prevencion del abandono. Esta obra explora el uso de la modelizacion estadistica avanzada para identificar potenciales abandonistas y las causas de su desercion. De esta manera, los resultados obtenidos permitiran a los equipos de ventas y marketing orientar de forma eficiente las acciones de defensa de cartera.

Throughout history, the force of gravity rendered the right angle sacrosanct in the world of architecture. However, as the 20th century dawned, the long-simmering diagonal motif finally arrived full force and upended the fields of architecture, design, and the fine arts. This book summarizes the authors 60-year study of this revolutionary geometric motif and highlights how it is tied to social upheavals and artistic movements. Once people understand the concept of Diagonality, they will begin to see its angled planes on street corners, in art museums, and possibly in everyday objects. Diagonality has been all around us but hidden in plain sight.

A Trusted Resource for Christian Mental Health Professionals, Now Updated Navigate the complexities of mental health from a Christian worldview with Modern Psychopathologies. Written by well-known and respected scholars Mark A. Yarhouse, Barrett W. McRay, and Richard E. Butman, this classic textbook, now in its third edition, provides a comprehensive introduction to the major psychopathologies identified in contemporary mental health care.Chapters address categories of psychological problems and offer overviews of current research on etiology, treatment, and prevention. Topics covered include: Issues related to anxiety, mood, addiction, trauma, and more Biological and sociocultural foundations of mental illness Insight for conducting responsible care in an imperfect system The authors also explore methods of classifying disorders in historical pastoral care and contemporary mental health care. In addition to the biological and sociocultural foundations of mental illness, they reflect on the relation between psychopathology and the Christian understanding of sin.Whats new in the third edition: Updates according to the DSM-5-TR New content on social and cultural influences, trauma, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and more Discussion of different classification models for personality disorders Incorporates new insights and references from the latest ten years of research Modern Psychopathologies is a unique and trusted resource for Christian students, professors, and mental health professionals. Whether you are studying psychology and counseling or providing counseling services, pastoral care, or spiritual direction, this book equips you to understand, evaluate, and contribute to mental health care with clarity, compassion, and conviction.About the Series Christian Association for Psychological Studies (CAPS) Books explore how Christianity relates to mental health and behavioral sciences including psychology, counseling, social work, and marriage and family therapy in order to equip Christian clinicians to support the well-being of their clients.

When was the church founded? Jesus spoke of the kingdom of God and not of a religious organization subsequently called church. We dont find in the Gospels expressions which make reference to the foundation of a new religious community, a new and distinct community of followers of Jesus. But after the resurrection of Jesus, his followers, as a result of his express command, gather together not only those from the people of Israel but men and women of all nations.The final clauses of the Nicene Creed spell out, briefly and to the point, the churchs self-understanding in these early centuries. Angelo Di Berardino assembles a wide range of texts and teachers of the church during these years to enrich our understanding and deepen our faith in the great mysteries expressed here.The Creed quickly hits the four marks of the churchthat it is "one holy catholic and apostolic." What do we mean by professing each of these? Di Berardino helps us to give an answer with the help of the fathers of the church.The volume closes, as does the Creed, with a consideration of baptism (the traditional entrance for people into the church) and two central features of the church in the futurethe expectation that all of Gods people will enjoy the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come.The five-volume Ancient Christian Doctrine series follows up on the acclaimed Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture to provide patristic commentary on the Nicene Creed, translating source material from the church fathers into English for unparalleled insight into early church history.

"Who do you say that I am?" This question that Jesus asked of his disciples, so central to his mission, became equally central to the fledgling church. How would it respond to the Gnostics who answered by saying Jesus was less than fully human? How would it respond to the Arians who contended he was less than fully God? It was these challenges that ultimately provoked the Council of Nicaea in A.D. 325.In this Ancient Christian Doctrine volume covering the first half of the article in the Nicene Creed on God the Son, John Anthony McGuckin shows how it countered these two errant poles by equally stressing Jesus authentic humanity (that is, his fleshliness and real embodiment in space and time) and his spiritual glory or full divinity.One cottage industry among some historical theologians, he notes, has been to live in a fever of conspiracy theory where orthodox oppressors dealt heavy-handedly with poor heretics. Or the picture is painted of ancient grassroots inclusivists being suppressed by establishment elites. The reality was far from such romantic notions. It was in fact the reverse.The church who denounced these errors did so in the name of a greater inclusivity based on common sense and common education. The debate was conducted generations before Christian bishops could ever call on the assistance of secular power to enforce their views. Establishing the creeds was not a reactionary movement of censorship but rather one concerned with the deepest aspects of quality control.Ultimately, what was and is at stake is not fussy dogmatism but the central gospel message of Gods stooping "down in mercy to enter the life of his creatures and share their sorrows with them. He has lifted up the weak and the broken to himself, and he healed their pain by abolishing their alienation."The five-volume Ancient Christian Doctrine series follows up on the acclaimed Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture to provide patristic commentary on the Nicene Creed, translating source material from the church fathers into English for unparalleled insight into early church history.

"The Spirit blows where it pleases," Jesus said to Nicodemus."You hear its sound but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit."The Spirit, like the wind, is hard to pin down. Any discussion of the Spirit is fraught with the difficulty of speaking about something or someone who defies definition and who purposely averts attention from himself toward someone else. So it is with the Spirit. And so it is with the churchs reception of and conversation about the Spirit, even in its early centuries. It is hard to pin down, and the churchs voice on the Spirit has been about as loud as the whisper of the wind that indicates the Spirits presence.The churchs teaching on the Holy Spirit is perhaps what Nicolas Berdayev has called "the last unexplored theological frontier." In these latter days of the church, this "final frontier" is receiving increasing attention. The rise of the Pentecostal movement, the engaged witness of the Orthodox churches, which have historically been more sensitive to the role of the Spirit, coupled with the fact that people in general are looking for a deeper and more relational faith, perhaps help explain in part the increased attention the Spirit is getting.It is appropriate then that the base camp of this exploration be established in the early understanding of the church on these matters. Following the outline of the succinct third article of the Nicene Creed, Joel Elowsky opens up to us vistas of the Holy Spirit with expertly selected passages from ancient Christian writings.This portion of the Creed, apart from the filioque, is largely uncontroversial. The full deity of the Spirit is highlighted not so much by theological definition as by the emphasis on worship and action. While the Creed itself does not speak directly of the work of the Spirit in justification, sanctification and the like, the early church theologians nevertheless had much to say on these issues. Here we see clearly how the Spirit is "giver of life."The five-volume Ancient Christian Doctrine series follows up on the acclaimed Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture to provide patristic commentary on the Nicene Creed, translating source material from the church fathers into English for unparalleled insight into early church history.

"We believe in one God, the Father." The opening clause of the Nicene Creed can be summed up in a single wordmonotheism. In the early centuries of the church, this striking doctrine stood starkly against a cultural background of multiple deities and spiritual powers. While it clearly builds on its Jewish heritage, calling God "Father" anticipates the Father-Son relationship in the Godhead that early Christians knew and robustly upheld.The first article of the Nicene Creed also presupposes that there is an objective body of teaching that Christians are expected to confess as their faith. This idea seems normal and natural to us, but it was a novelty in the ancient world. Neither Judaism nor any pagan religion or philosophy could claim to have a closely defined set of beliefs that everyone adhering to it was expected to profess publicly and defend against all comers.While this article on God the Father is the shortest and arguably oldest portion of the Creed, it fully sets forth the fundamental understanding of God as creator and originator of all that is. This commentary in its selection of texts from the early church highlights the common understanding of the One God in three Persons, elucidating the churchs understanding of divine attributes and trinitarian relations.The five-volume Ancient Christian Doctrine series follows up on the acclaimed Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture to provide patristic commentary on the Nicene Creed, translating source material from the church fathers into English for unparalleled insight into early church history.

Master the Art of Communication for Counseling and Beyond Anyone in a helping professionincluding professional counselors, spiritual directors, pastoral counselors, chaplains, and lay leadersneeds to develop effective communication skills. But learning these skills is like learning a new language: it takes time and practice to communicate effectively, and lack of practice can lead to declining fluency in this new language.For both beginning students and seasoned practitioners, Skills for Effective Counseling provides a biblically integrated approach to foundational counseling skills. It trains the reader to use crucial microskills such as perceiving, attending, empathic connection, and authenticity.Chapters include textbook features such as sample session dialogues, role plays, and a variety of exercises that will engage different learning styles. Interwoven throughout are special topics related to: clinical tips for using skills in real-world counseling settings biblical/theological applications current and seminal research on microskills multicultural counseling the relevance of skills to interpersonal relationships and broader ministry settings This textbook and the accompanying IVP Instructor Resources include all of the activities and assignments that an instructor might need to execute a graduate, undergraduate, or lay course in foundational counseling skills. Professors teaching in CACREP-accredited professional counseling programs will be able to connect specific material in the textbook to the latest CACREP Standards.This revised edition of Skills for Effective Counseling has been updated throughout to incorporate recent research and be even more useful for the classroom. This second edition includes a new chapter on video/online counseling, discussion of new approaches to biblical and theological integration, updated references, and expanded instructor resources.About the Series Christian Association for Psychological Studies (CAPS) Books explore how Christianity relates to mental health and behavioral sciences including psychology, counseling, social work, and marriage and family therapy in order to equip Christian clinicians to support the well-being of their clients.

COVID-19 had an enormous impact on society around the globe. By 5th March 2023, when the WHO officially declared the pandemic emergency over, societies affected by it had been profoundly changed. The COVID-19 pandemic not only had medical consequences, but also significant effects related to the mechanisms involved in its discursive construction as a phenomenon of wide significance in various social arenas. Reaching a highly polarized form, public debate on compulsory vaccination against COVID-19 constituted an essential component of mechanisms not only for stance-taking, for creating opportunities for self- and other-positioning, and for covering discursive positions, but also for subverting existing epistemic orders. The present volume reconstructs this complex discursive phenomenon with examples from Italy, Germany and the USA, and invites critical reflections on the way societies around the globe have faced the extreme crisis sparked by the pandemic.

From the crisis of the Babylonian exile to the rise of rabbinic Judaism--a span of over six hundred years--the Jewish people produced a wealth of literature that lies outside the Hebrew Bible. Today it goes under names such as apocrypha and pseudepigrapha, Josephus and Philo, apocalyptic literature and the Dead Sea Scrolls, Mishnah and targums. But line by line, scroll by scroll, it represents the history and theology, the hopes and prayers of a living and diverse Judaism. It is an engrossing subject in and of itself, but for students of the New Testament it offers an invaluable context for understanding the words and actions of Jesus as well as the conversion and thinking of Paul.Exploring Jewish Literature of the Second Temple Period is an introduction to this literature and places it within its historical context. Riding the explosive growth of knowledge of this period, Larry R. Helyer guides students to the heart of the matter. What were the pressures and realities, the questions and dreams that nurtured and provoked these written expressions? And how does this literature throw light on the text of the New Testament and origins of Christianity?

The Gospel in the Catechism"Monumental."J. V. Fesko | "Generation-defining."Harrison Perkins | "A full banquet with all the courses."Zachary Purvis | "Invaluable."Ligon Duncan | "A ready guide for every church and family."Matthew Barrett Understand a foundational Reformed catechism Follow a 52-week plan for reading or preaching Study alone or in a small group Christians are bombarded with competing messages, but the Heidelberg Catechism speaks clearly. Its teaching on the gospel and the Christian life is biblical, accessible, and pastoral. Its three-part structure of guilt (law), grace (gospel), and gratitude (sanctification) is framed by the comfort the Christian has in God alone.In The Heidelberg Catechism, R. Scott Clark reflects on the catechisms theology, piety, and practice. This thorough yet accessible guide to the catechism comments on each of its 129 questions, revealing the catechisms historical and theological context and explaining how it enlivens the Christian faith today.