eBooks de Filosofía antigua, página 26 de 31

In "Ciceros Tusculan Disputations," Marcus Tullius Cicero engages in a profound exploration of philosophical questions surrounding human existence, distress, and the pursuit of happiness. Composed in the format of a series of dialogues, Cicero masterfully employs a blend of rhetorical skill and philosophical inquiry that reflects Stoic, Epicurean, and Academic thought prevalent in Roman society at the time. Through his examination of grief, death, and the nature of the good life, Cicero artfully addresses both theoretical and practical aspects of philosophy, making complex ideas accessible to a broad audience. Cicero, a statesman, philosopher, and skilled orator of the late Roman Republic, wrote the "Disputations" during a turbulent period in his life, marked by political exile and personal loss. His intimate knowledge of hardship informs the dialogues themes, as he seeks solace in philosophy and attempts to rationalize human suffering against the backdrop of moral virtue. His work serves not only as an intellectual pursuit but also as a personal journey, reflecting his deep-seated belief in the capacity of reason to illuminate lifes complexities. For readers interested in ancient philosophy, Ciceros "Tusculan Disputations" is an essential text that combines eloquent prose with practical wisdom. Its exploration of universal themes resonates across centuries, making it invaluable not only for students of philosophy but also for anyone seeking insights into lifes ethical dilemmas and the human condition.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In "Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus," Marcus Aurelius, the Stoic philosopher and Roman Emperor, offers a profound introspection into the human condition through a collection of personal writings known as the "Meditations." Written in Greek while on military campaigns, these reflections reveal Aureliuss philosophical musings framed in a straightforward, yet poignant literary style. The work serves as a testament to Stoicism, emphasizing rationality, virtue, and the importance of self-discipline amidst the chaos of life, illustrating how to maintain inner peace and moral integrity in both public and private spheres. Marcus Aurelius, born into a privileged family in 121 AD, was heavily influenced by Stoic philosophy, shaped by mentors such as Junius Rusticus and the teachings of Epictetus. His reign witnessed numerous challenges, including wars and plague, which undoubtedly catalyzed his philosophical odyssey. These factors infused his writings with a sense of urgency and practicality, demonstrating an acute awareness of the individuals struggle against circumstance and fate. This timeless work invites readers to engage with the depths of their own thoughts and emotions, making it a compelling read for anyone interested in philosophy, leadership, or personal development. Aureliuss insights serve not only as a guide to ethical living but also as a timeless reminder of the power of the human mind to cultivate tranquility amidst adversity.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

Diogenes Laertius"The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers" serves as a seminal compendium detailing the life stories and philosophical contributions of ancient thinkers, from Socrates to Epicurus. This text is both an essential historical record and a treasure trove of philosophical ideas, written in an engaging and straightforward style that reflects Laertius dual aim of preserving philosophys rich heritage while making it accessible to a wider audience. His narrative weaves biographical sketches with critical assessments, contextualizing each philosophers ideas within the tapestry of their time, thus providing insights into the evolution of philosophical thought. A scholar from the 3rd century CE, Diogenes Laertius stands out in the canon of ancient literature for his eclectic approach to philosophy. His position as a compiler, rather than an original thinker, allowed him to draw from various sources, including lost works and contemporary writings, leading to a unique synthesis that highlights the intellectual currents of his era. His motivations likely stemmed from a desire to honor these thinkers and preserve their legacies against the backdrop of a world rapidly forgetting them. This book is highly recommended for anyone interested in philosophy, history, or the intricate interplay between the two. It provides invaluable context for contemporary philosophical discussions and serves as a foundational text for understanding the roots of western thought, making it a must-read for scholars and casual readers alike.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In "Lysis," Plato explores the intricate nature of friendship and the philosophical implications of love through a dialogue that features Socrates conversing with two young men, Lysis and Menexenus. The work is characterized by its dialectical method, where philosophical inquiry unfolds through a series of probing questions and answers. The dialogue reflects Platos Socratic style, emphasizing the importance of defining terms and seeking truth, while delving into themes of desire, identity, and the essence of true friendship in the context of Athenian society. This text serves as a critical examination of the connections between individuals and the ideal forms that govern human relationships. Plato (c. 428/427Ai348/347 BCE) was a seminal figure in Western philosophy, a student of Socrates, and the founder of the Academy in Athens. His engagement with ethics, metaphysics, and epistemology profoundly shaped philosophical thought. "Lysis" can be seen as a reflection of his own experiences within the socio-political landscape of Athens, where friendships were often intertwined with public life, thus providing both an intellectual inquiry and a personal reflection on the nature of companionship. I highly recommend "Lysis" to readers interested in the philosophical exploration of interpersonal relationships. Platos incisive dialogue challenges us to reflect on our own friendships and the deeper meanings of love and loyalty. Engaging with this text will not only enrich your understanding of ancient philosophy but also offer timeless insights into the human condition.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

As a student of Socrates, Xenophon, like Plato, is an authority on Socrates. Except for the dialogues of Plato, Xenophons writings are the only surviving representatives of the genre of Socratic dialogue. These works include Xenophons Apology, Memorabilia, Symposium, and Economist. The Symposium outlines the character of Socrates as he and his companions discuss what attribute they take pride in. In Economist, Socrates explains how to manage a household. Both the Apology and Memorabilia defend Socrates character and teachings. The former is set during the trial of Socrates, essentially defending Socrates loss and death, while the latter is a defense of Socrates, explaining his moral principles and that he was not a corrupter of the youth.Content:Introduction:The Life of Socrates Socrates According to Xenophon:Memorabilia Apology The Economist Symposium Hiero

Socrates was an enigmatic figure; he made no writings, and is known chiefly through the accounts of his students Plato and Xenophon. After Socrates was accused of impiety against the pantheon of Athens and corruption of the youth and sentenced to death, his students stood up in his defense. In the unique form of Socratic dialogue both, Plato and Xenophon, defended the character and teachings of their teacher. The Life of Socrates Defenses of Socrates Defense by PlatoApology Crito Phaedo Defense by XenophonMemorabiliaApology

Epictetus was a Greek Stoic philosopher who taught that philosophy is a way of life and not just a theoretical discipline. To Epictetus, all external events are beyond our control; we should accept calmly and dispassionately whatever happens. However, individuals are responsible for their own actions, which they can examine and control through rigorous self-discipline. This edition includes the four books of his discourses, the Enchiridion and more than one hundred fragments.

Um dos textos filosóficos mais lidos de todos os tempos,este clássico de Platão – extraído de sua obra A República – que narra um diálogo entre o irmão de Platão, Gláucon, e Sócrates, seu mentor, é u

Com texto integral, a Retórica de Aristóteles tem primorosa tradução realizada por Edson Bini, direto do idioma grego, com notas e numeração de Immanuel Bekker.Esta é uma das mais influentes obras mu

Ancient Greek philosophy arose in the 6th century BC and continued throughout the Hellenistic period and the period in which Ancient Greece was part of the Roman Empire. Philosophy was used to make sense out of the world in a non-religious way. It dealt with a wide variety of subjects, including political philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, ontology, logic, biology, rhetoric and aesthetics. This two-volume edition gives a complete insight into Greek Philosophy from its beginnings until the occurrence of Christian philosophy and final extinction of pagan philosophy.Contents: Early Greek ThoughtThe Greek Humanists: Nature and LawThe Place of Socrates in Greek Philosophy Plato; His Teachers and His Times Plato as a Reformer Characteristics of AristotleThe Systematic Philosophy of Aristotle The StoicsEpicurus and LucretiusThe Sceptics and Eclectics: Greek Philosophy in RomeThe Religious RevivalThe Spiritualism of PlotinusGreek Philosophy and Modern Thought

O livro aborda a ética relacionando-a à moral e ao esforço humano de atingir a experiência da excelência moral como ideal supremo de vida. Busca as raízes que propiciaram o nascimento e desenvolvimen

The Golden Sayings of Epictetus is a modern selection from the writings of Epictetus, compiled and translated by Hastings Crossley. It contains more than 180 sayings of Epictetus on various topics. Epictetus was a Greek Stoic philosopher. He taught that philosophy is a way of life and not just a theoretical discipline. To Epictetus, all external events are beyond our control and we should accept calmly and dispassionately whatever happens.

Ciceros comprehensive treatise on the Commonwealth known as De Republica is a work whose direct and practical purpose was to arouse Roman citizens to the dangers which then threatened destruction to the liberties of their country. In appealing to his countrymen "to rise on stepping-stones of their dead selves to higher things," the inspired patriot did not hesitate to promise that all patriotic and philanthropic statesmen should not only be rewarded on earth by the approval of their own consciences and the applause of all good citizens, but by immortal glory in a realm beyond the grave.

Ciceros religious belief, so far as we can gather it, was rather negative than positive. In the speculative treatise On the Nature of the Gods, he examines all the current creeds of the day, but leaves his own quite undefined. The treatise takes the form of an imaginary conversation. This is supposed to have taken place at the house of Aurelius Cotta, then Pontifex Maximusan office which answered nearly to that of Minister of religion. The other speakers are Balbus, Velleius, and Cicero himself, who acts, however, rather in the character of moderator than of disputant. The debate is still, as in the more strictly philosophical dialogues, between the different schools.

Cicero, a Roman statesman, lawyer, political theorist, philosopher, and Roman constitutionalist, played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Even today he has a major influence on Western philosophy, politics and literature. This book contains four of his ethical writings, namely On Moral Duties (De Officiis), On Old Age (De Senectute), On Friendship (De Amicitia) and Scipios Dream.

Among the numerous faults of those who pass their lives recklessly and without due reflexion, my good friend Liberalis, I should say that there is hardly any one so hurtful to society as this, that we neither know how to bestow or how to receive a benefit. It follows from this that benefits are badly invested, and become bad debts: in these cases it is too late to complain of their not being returned, for they were thrown away when we bestowed them. Nor need we wonder that while the greatest vices are common, none is more common than ingratitude: for this I see is brought about by various causes. The first of these is, that we do not choose worthy persons upon whom to bestow our bounty, but although when we are about to lend money we first make a careful enquiry into the means and habits of life of our debtor, and avoid sowing seed in a worn-out or unfruitful soil, yet without any discrimination we scatter our benefits at random rather than bestow them. It is hard to say whether it is more dishonourable for the receiver to disown a benefit, or for the giver to demand a return of it: for a benefit is a loan, the repayment of which depends merely upon the good feeling of the debtor. To misuse a benefit like a spendthrift is most shameful, because we do not need our wealth but only our intention to set us free from the obligation of it; for a benefit is repaid by being acknowledged...

ConfuciusThe Great Learning & The Commentary by Tsang is an essential text in the field of Confucian philosophy, offering a profound exploration of the moral teachings and ethical principles central to Confucianism. The book provides a detailed guide on how to achieve personal and social harmony through self-cultivation and adherence to the principles of benevolence, righteousness, and wisdom. This classic work is written in a concise yet deeply insightful manner, making it accessible to readers seeking to delve into the teachings of Confucius. The inclusion of Tsangs commentary further enhances the readers understanding of the text, providing valuable insight into the historical context and interpretation of Confucian teachings. Confucius, a revered philosopher and educator in ancient China, was deeply concerned with the moral development of individuals and the well-being of society. His emphasis on self-improvement and ethical behavior continues to resonate in contemporary society, making his teachings relevant and timeless. Through The Great Learning & The Commentary by Tsang, readers can gain a profound understanding of Confucian ethics and principles, uncovering valuable lessons that can guide personal growth and moral development. I highly recommend The Great Learning & The Commentary by Tsang to readers interested in exploring the ethical teachings of Confucius and delving into the philosophical foundations of Confucianism. This book serves as an invaluable resource for anyone seeking to cultivate moral virtue, enhance personal relationships, and contribute to the betterment of society.

Platos The Complete Works of Plato is a comprehensive collection of the timeless philosophical dialogues that have had a profound influence on Western thought. Written in the form of dialogues between Socrates and other prominent figures of ancient Greece, Platos works explore a wide range of philosophical topics including ethics, politics, metaphysics, and epistemology. The dialogues exhibit a captivating blend of logical reasoning, rhetorical skill, and moral insight, making them essential reading for anyone interested in philosophy. The literary style of Platos works is characterized by its clarity, richness, and intellectual depth, setting the standard for philosophical writing in the Western tradition. The enduring relevance of Platos ideas can be seen in their continued influence on contemporary philosophy and ethics. The Complete Works of Plato offers readers a unique opportunity to engage with the foundational texts of Western philosophy and deepen their understanding of the intellectual heritage of the ancient world.

This collection contains the following works by Plato:Early WorksApologyCharmides, or TemperanceCritoEuthyphroGorgiasHippias, LesserHippias, GreaterIonLachesLysisProtagorasTransitional WorksCratylusEuthydemusMenoParmenidesPhaedoPhaedrusSymposiumThe RepublicMiddle WorksTheaetetusLate WorksCritiasLawsPhilebusSophistStatesmanTimaeusWorks of Disputed AuthorshipAlcibiades I & IIEryxiasMenexenusTheages

Plato was a philosopher in Ancient Greece. He was an essential figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition, and he founded the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Platos dialogues have been used (and are still used) to teach a range of subjects, including philosophy, logic, ethics, rhetoric, religion and mathematics. His lasting themes include Platonic love, the theory of forms, the five regimes, innate knowledge, among others. His theory of forms launched a unique perspective on abstract objects, and led to a school of thought called Platonism.This collection contains the following works by Plato:Early WorksApologyCharmides, or TemperanceCritoEuthyphroGorgiasHippias, LesserHippias, GreaterIonLachesLysisProtagorasTransitional WorksCratylusEuthydemusMenoParmenidesPhaedoPhaedrusSymposiumThe RepublicMiddle WorksTheaetetusLate WorksCritiasLawsPhilebusSophistStatesmanTimaeus