Ebooks de historia, página 25 de 2349

Superpower détente during the Nixon-Ford Administration led to the formation of an East-West regime aimed at conflict control and systemic stability. Equal Security was the proclaimed goal. By institutionalizing bipolarity, however, the bilateral US-SU Strategic Arms Limitation Talks actually threatened Western European security, for global security and Alliance security were ultimately incompatible. NATO Europe feared the emergence of a global directorate of the superpowers and became apprehensive that the US would be ready to abandon the cause of Europe and sacrifice European and German unity for the sake of a stable world order. In reaction, NATO Europe sought to shape the SALT process to ensure that equal security applied to all the Soviet Union, the United States and the European Allies. This e-book analyses the linkages between SALT, MBFR, NATO and the special Anglo-American nuclear relationship. It also explores how NATO Europe penetrated US decision-making and co-shaped the US SALT agenda and how Scoop Jackson Democrats and NATO Europe aligned to preserve Western block superiority, freezing the SALT II process. Based on recently declassified European archival material, the e-book offers a fresh interpretation of and a new look at SALT.

This e-book is a collection of essays written by pre-eminent scholars across the globe on key topics and problems in medieval and early modern economic history of Britain and central Europe. The ebook is dedicated to Ian Blanchard, emeritus professor of medieval economic history at the University of Edinburgh (United Kingdom).

Monarchy, that is, a political order characterized by a single ruler, is an understudied aspect of Greek politics and culture. The contributors to this e-book provide a unified scholarly framework in which to interpret the sociological as well as the ideological side of monarchic regimes from archaic Greek tyranny to Hellenistic monarchy in Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean. Taking their cue from Hans-Joachim Gehrkes essay on the victorious king, published here in an updated English translation, the contributors bring to the surface common trends and features that make it possible to sketch an integrated history of monarchic rule in ancient Greece from the Archaic to the Hellenistic age. Topics of contributions include the image of the archaic tyrant as legitimate and illegitimate ruler, the rhetoric of Hellenistic monarchy outlined in philosophical treatises on monarchy, the impact of the rise of Hellenistic monarchy on pre-existing political orders such as tyranny in Sicily and dual monarchy in Sparta, and the influence of this ideological model on political traditions in Anatolia and Palestine in the Late Hellenistic period.

Thirteen expert historians and philosophers address basic questions on historical time and on the distinctions between past, present and future. Their contributions are organised around four themes: the relation between time and modernity; the issue of ruptures in time and the influence of catastrophic events such as revolutions and wars on temporal distinctions; the philosophical analysis of historical time and temporal distinctions; and the construction of time outside Europe through processes of colonialism, imperialism, and globalisation.

»Helpless Imperialists« enquires into the relation between imperial exposure, fear, radicalization and violence and highlights moments of peripety bringing imperialist grandeur to collapse.

Thema dieses Buches ist die Organisation und Regulierung von Seuchenbekampfung und Gesundheitsfursorge in der britischen Kolonie South Carolina und der franzosischen Kolonie Louisiana zwischen 1720 und 1763. Welche Akteure waren an der Implementierung und Durchsetzung von Manahmen im Gesundheitsbereich beteiligt? Welche Handlungsweisen wahlten sie? Diese Fragen stehen im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung. Die Autorin zeigt, dass sich die Formen lokaler politischer Organisation in den beiden Kolonien trotz der tiefgreifenden Unterschiede in Bezug auf Strukturen und Strategien der beiden Kolonialmachte stark ahnelten. Dies legt den Schluss nahe, dass die lokalen Gegebenheiten innerhalb der Kolonien einen mindestens ebenso groen Einfluss auf lokale Governanceformen hatten wie die Struktur des jeweiligen Kolonialreichs. Das Buch eroffnet damit einen frischen Blick auf die Realitaten kolonialen Regierens im fruhneuzeitlichen Nordamerika.Focusing on the field of health care and disease control as a field of policy that was of pivotal importance for the existence and stability of European colonies in the south-eastern areas of the North American continent, the book analyzes modes of local organization and regulation in French Louisiana and British South Carolina during the first half of the eighteenth century. The work shows that, in spite of completely different imperial strategies and systems of rule, striking similarities existed between French and British colonies with regard to governance modes and the nature of agents involved in political organization. This attests to the fact that governance practices on the local and the colonial levels were informed at least as much by local conditions as by the nature of the empire to which the colonies respectively belonged. The work offers a fresh and unique perspective on the realities of colonial rule in early modern North America, thus challenging traditional notions which stress the differences between the French and British colonial empires in North America with regard to administrative practices.

Rund zwolf Millionen Deutsche verloren nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg ihr Heim in Mittel-und Osteuropa. Der grote Teil davon kam ins besetzte Deutschland. Meist bleibt in Forschung und Offentlichkeit unbeachtet, dass sich auch Deutsche aus den Vertreibungsgebieten in Westeuropa, Afrika und Amerika befanden. Dieses Buch richtet seinen Blick auf Vertriebene in Westdeutschland und Kanada und zeichnet damit Erfahrungen nach, die in den Standardnarrativen zu Flucht und Vertreibung nicht vorkommen. So dokumentiert der Autor die Vertreibungserfahrungen von deutschen Kriegsgefangenen, Exilanten und Einwanderern, die in der Ferne Kanadas ihr Hab und Gut verloren. Auch derartige Erfahrungen gehoren zur facettenreichen Geschichte der Vertreibung. Der Autor verglicht zwei Lander mit grundlegend unterschiedlichen offentlichen Diskursen zur Einwanderung. Er stellt auerdem dar, wie in Westdeutschland und Kanada Vertriebene schlielich nationale Identitaten aushandelten, die, basierend auf ihrem regionalen Kulturerbe, ihre Erfahrungen mit extremem Nationalismus, Krieg und Vertreibung wie auch die mit einigen Hurden versetzte Anpassung an das neue politische, soziale und kulturelle Umfeld reflektieren.

This is the third and final volume of essays issuing from the Leverhulme International Network Renaissance Conflict and Rivalries: Cultural Polemics in Europe, c. 1300c. 1650. The overall aim of the network was to examine the various ways in which conflict and rivalries made a positive contribution to cultural production and change during the Renaissance. The present volume, which contains papers delivered at the third colloquium, draws that examination to a close by considering a range of different strategies deployed in the period to manage conflict and rivalries and to bring them to a positive resolution. The papers explore these developments in the context of political, diplomatic, social, institutional, religious, and art history.

Why do Brits call their flag a "Jack"? How did the leek become a symbol of Wales? Does the Tube run 24/7? Who was the Widow of Windsor? Can you take part in a coronation? What was a Greenwood marriage? Was the Giants Causeway built by an Irish giant? Which British literary figures won the Nobel Prize for Literature? How can you register a record in the Guinness Book of Records? What is the emergency phone number in the UK? Providing well-organised material on the UKs history, geography, literature, royalty and society, Diana Cordeas "Britain Revealed" is a condensed and easy to read book about all things British. It is an excellent user-friendly reference for prospective visitors to the UK, Anglophiles, or readers wishing to know and understand popular British culture. Most importantly, "Britain Revealed" is aimed at teachers of English as a foreign language, who wish to make their English and optional classes more exciting. The plethora of information provided in this comprehensive teaching aid can be adapted to various levels of language proficiency and can be used in various classroom activities. Focusing on essential questions concerning British culture and civilisation, this volume is also attractive to learners, who will thus have the opportunity of brushing up on their English in a versatile and practical way.

Grotta Scaloria, a cave in Apulia, was first discovered and explored in 1931, excavated briefly in 1967, and then excavated extensively from 1978 to 1980 by a joint UCLA-University of Genoa team, but it was never fully published. The Save Scaloria Project was organized to locate this legacy data and to enhance that information by application of the newest methods of archaeological and scientific analysis. This significant site is finally published in one comprehensive volume (and in an online archive of additional data and photographs) that gathers together the archaeological data from the upper and lower chambers of the cave. These data indicate intense ritual and quotidian use during the Neolithic period (circa 5600-5300 BCE). The Grotta Scaloria project is also important as historiography, since it illustrates a changing trajectory of research spanning three generations of European and American archaeology.

This book presents the results of the extensive excavation of a small, rural village from the period of emerging cities in upper Mesopotamia (modern northeast Syria) in the early to middle third millennium BC. Prior studies of early Near Eastern urban societies generally focused on the cities and elites, neglecting the rural component of urbanization. This research represents part of a move to rectify that imbalance. Reports on the architecture, pottery, animal bones, plant remains, and other varieties of artifacts and ecofacts enhance our understanding of the role of villages in the formation of urban societies, the economic relationship between small rural sites and urban centers, and status and economic differentiation in villages. Among the significant results are the extensive exposure of a large segment of the village area, revealing details of spatial and social organization and household economics. The predominance of large-scale grain storage and processing leads to questions of staple finance, economic relations with pastoralists, and connections to developing urban centers.

Graffiti, dipinti, rock-inscriptions and other additions to walls and rocks are integral to the landscape and writing practices of ancient Egypt. This book focuses on the margins of traditional ancient Egyptian epigraphic corpora. It aims to provide an all-encompassing view of graffiti practices and corpora in ancient Egypt, ranging from predynastic rock art in the Eastern Desert, to hieratic inscriptions in Middle Egyptian tombs, and demotic signatures in Karnak temple. A range of specialists present primary data from three different environments-deserts, tombs, and temples-following common lines of inquiry that aim to look beyond their textual or iconographic content and address graffitis agency more closely. Accordingly, this book investigates the interplay between secondary inscriptions and images, the space in which they were embedded, and the audiences for whom they were intended. Despite the diversity inherent in the nature of graffiti, common paths and shared threads of discussion emerge once these inscriptions are considered as material objects and socio-cultural practices.

This volume examines lending practices in Egypt during the Ptolemaic period (332-30 BCE), especially, but not exclusively, through the lens of the demotic loan-account papyri of Panas, son of Espmetis. It begins by introducing some of the issues associated with the history of ancient lending, and surveys previous discussions of lending practices in Ptolemaic Egypt. It then introduces the demotic loan-account papyri of Panas, and how they alter the current understanding of lending in Ptolemaic Egypt. The volume explores the contents of the papyri, placing them in their social, legal, and historical contexts, and concludes with a full edition of the papyri.

Research into the mechanisms and the morality of Athenian hegemony is now perhaps livelier than ever. Of particular importance are the methods by which Athens drew money from the Aegean world with which to fund a vast fleet, to facilitate her own demokratia and to create ambitious public buildings still visible today. This collection of new studies, inspired and guided by an internationally-acknowledged authority on ancient finance, Thomas Figueira, by focusing on how Athens raised finance, sheds light on more familiar questions: How oppressive, or otherwise, was Athens to fellow-Greeks and how did her demands vary over time? Contributors here suggest that Athens may have exercised hegemonic ambitions for longer than usually thought, applying greater experience, and more sensitivity to individual communities.

This volume addresses the entanglement between archaeology, imperialism, colonialism, capitalism, and war. Popular sentiment in the West has tended to embrace the adventure rather than ponder the legacy of archaeological explorers; allegations by imperial powers of "discovering" archaeological sites or "saving" world heritage from neglect or destruction have often provided the pretext for expanding political influence. Consequently, citizens have often fallen victim to the imperial war machine, seeing their lands confiscated, their artifacts looted, and the ancient remains in their midst commercialized. Spanning the globe with case studies from East Asia, Siberia, Australia, North and South America, Europe, and Africa, sixteen contributions written by archaeologists, art historians, and historians from four continents offer unusual breadth and depth in the assessment of various claims to patrimonial heritage, contextualized by the imperial and colonial ventures of the last two centuries and their postcolonial legacy.

The pioneering ideas of John Kenyon Davies, one of the most significant Ancient Historians of the past half century, are celebrated in this collection of essays. A distinguished cast of contributors, who include Alain Bresson, Nick Fisher, Edward Harris, John Prag, Robin Osborne, and Sally Humphreys, focus tightly on the nexus of socio-political and economic problems that have preoccupied Davies since the publication of his defining work Athenian Propertied Families in 1971. The scope of Davies interest has ranged widely in conceptual, and chronological, as well as geographical terms, and the essays here reflect many of his long-term concerns with the writing of Greek history, its methods and materials.

Nine new studies here explore, and reconstruct, determinant episodes of Greek, Hellenistic and Roman history. The authors argue that hindsight - especially in modern works - has falsified the past, by playing down or eliminating the record of ancient unfulfilled forecasts, and of trends in events which in the long term did not obviously prove predominant. The authors also highlight the efforts of the best-placed writers in Antiquity not to be misled by hindsight, but rather to give due weight to the working of hopes and fears, and of trends in events, which with remote retrospect would tend to be belittled or forgotten. The techniques demonstrated in this book open new fields of research across Ancient History: they illuminate almost every ancient episode for which there is evidence of what historical agents planned or anticipated. The authors show convincingly that, by giving due respect to trends observable, and to political predictions made, in Antiquity, historians of today are better placed to evaluate outcomes: to see how easily events might have developed differently, or even to show that concrete outcomes were different from those conventionally portrayed from hindsight.

The esteem in which satyr drama was held in antiquity still arouses curiosity and controversy. Twelve new papers, generated in North America by a distinguished cast of scholars, explore questions central to the genre. How did satyr drama relate to comedy and tragedy; how closely was it tied to its tragic trilogy? How did the Athenians react to pro-satyric drama, such as the Alcestis? How far did satyr plays reflect contemporary political life? Fresh conclusions are adduced from the fragments, particularly those of Aeschylus, and there is special study of Euripides Cyclops, not least for its possible reflection of the fifth-century sophists.

Eleven new essays, from an international cast, trace the development of political culture in the Roman Republic. Themes include the flourishing of civic society, as with the introduction of the Roman Games, and the emergence of a theory of politeness. How was a Roman aristocrat formed? How did the term Optimates develop from the middle Republic onwards? And how, especially, did the rhetoric of Cicero reflect and adapt to the pressures of civil war in the Republics climactic and dying years?

Asia Minor under Rome was one of the wealthiest and most developed parts of the Empire, but there have been few modern studies of its economics. The twelve papers in this book, by an international team of scholars, work from literary texts, inscriptions, coinage and archaeology. They study the direct impact of Roman rule; the organisation of large agricultural estates; changing patterns of olive production; threats to rural prosperity from pests and the animal world; inter-regional trade in the Black Sea; the significance of civic market buildings; the economic role of temples and sanctuaries; the contribution of private benefactors to civic finances; monetization in the third century AD, and the effect of transitory populations on local economic activity.