Ebooks de historia, página 34 de 2353

Slavery touched many aspects of Mamluk society. This volume focuses on the role of slaves within the family, from birth to purchase, liberation, and death. It investigates domestic slavery in Syrian and Egyptian society from the thirteenth to the fifteenth century. Jan Hagedorn focuses on the agency of slaves in the context of master-slave relationships within households and in wider society. He argues that the ability of slaves to shape the world around them was underpinned by a constant process of negotiation within the master-slave relationship and that intermediaries such as the court system channelled the agency of slaves. The principal sources for this study are purchase contracts, listening certificates, marriage contracts, and estate inventories in combination with scribal, market inspection, and slave purchase manuals as well as chronicles.

The history of European integration has always known "external states" that did not want or were not able to join the process of European integration. The EU might indeed not be seen as attractive: Since 2008, it has had to face many crises, first the financial crisis, then the migration and Schengen crises in 2015, and finally the "leave" vote in Great Britain in 2016, the so-called "Brexit". Euro-skepticism has continually increased in EU-member states as the rejection of various EU treaties proved. On national as well as EU levels, the strength of anti-European parties has grown. The present volume, edited by Birte Wassenberg and Patrick Moreau, concentrates on these "external states", particularly their attitude towards Europe. By looking at the geopolitical context, a wide range from historical constants to a changing of attitudes is shown and proves that the EU remains a fundamental actor of European politics and that its attraction continues to be very powerful.

This volume discusses Mamluk historical texts with an emphasis on literary/stylistic analysis, basically ignoring issues of factuality versus fictivity. None of the authors set out to write fiction; nor would their audience have received their accounts as such. The events depicted were a matter of historical record; but their meaning was geared both to contemporary and to general concerns. The fact of telling them is part and parcel of the historians task; the means of telling them has to do with the historians choice of style; and style is all-important in conveying meaning. Were these accounts not considered true, the purpose behind their telling and the meaning they convey, would, arguably, be lost; but were they not told in the most effective manner, their meaning might not be clearly grasped.

Athenaeus Mechanicus the surname differentiates him from better-known homonyms wrote a treatise on Greek siege-machinery. Uniquely in the genre, it combined general cultural erudition, historical survey, and This is the works first English translation, and the first commentary in any language. Athenaeus is argued to be a Cilician ex-statesman living in Rome in the 20s B.C. and striving, like his contemporary Vitruvius, for imperial patronage there.As regards the treatise itself, it is here evaluated from the perspectives not only of ancient history and philology but also engineering. This highlights the skill of an early-Hellenistic practitioner like Diades, who served Alexander the Great; but it also reveals how, in a later age, workable ideas could no longer be distinguished from wishful thinking the latter a category to which Athenaeus himself proudly made his own contributions.

Die Globalisierung gilt als eine Leitthese der Gegenwart und auch fur die Wissenschaften wird ein Bedeutungsverlust nationalstaatlicher Politik und Kultur diagnostiziert. Dagegen zeigen konkrete Analysen, dass die Einbettung der Forschung in einen schutzenden Rahmen politischer Gemeinwesen historisch wichtig war und nach wie vor von Bedeutung ist. Der Band analysiert das komplexe Wechselverhaltnis zwischen wissenschaftlichem Universalismus und nationalstaatlicher Verankerung anhand von Beispielen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert bis in unsere Zeit.

Molossia is perhaps most famous as the kingdom of the third-century warlord Pyrrhus. The Inscriptions of Dodona and A New History of Molossia re-examines the non-oracular stone and bronze inscriptions, re-dating some of the most important to the third century BC rather than the fourth.This re-dating in turn forms the basis of the new history presented here. In this history are stressed the primacy of the king, who ruled a kingdom rather than a federal league; the minimal extent of Molossian "expansion" in the fourth century BC; the likelihood that there was indeed no federal league, only a type of amphictyony administering the sanctuary of Dodona, before 232 BC; the continuing relationship of allied association rather than incorporation between the Molossians with their neighbors; the interference of the Macedonians as a catalyst for the coalescence of Molossian identity; and the way events of the third century paved the way for the establishment of a federal league after the death of the last monarch in 232 BC.This history substantially reshapes our understanding of this part of the Hellenistic world, and of the early history of federal leagues in Greece.

Medical Imaging plays a prominent role in contemporary medical research and practice. At the same time imaging in its broadest sense, including illustration, diagramming, model-making, photography and other forms of image rendering, has a long tradition in medicine. Imaging has served different purposes ranging from depicting to backing concepts or creating convincing evidence. Thus, imaging the human body has different aspects not only related to techniques or current interpretations of visual representations through medical imaging technologies. The way the human body was and is displayed in medicine also reflects a range of cultural, historical, artistic and scientific concerns.Therefore, the editors of this e-book organized an international interdisciplinary conference in 2010 to bring together perspectives on Medical Imaging from medicine, philosophy, history and arts. This e-book summarizes the results of this interdisciplinary conference including representative examples of what was presented and discussed. It offers stimulating papers addressing readers interested in the status of medical images and their interpretation by different disciplines.

The Temple of Seti I at Abydos is is one of the great monuments of the New Kingdom. Rosalie Davids book, last printed more than 30 years ago, offers a guide to its magnificent reliefs and wall paintings, explaining the scenes of ritual and worship. This new edition will, for the first time, also include some of the outstanding watercolours by Amice Calverley and Myrtle Broome that were published between 1933 and 1958.

Richard B. Seager excavated the Minoan cemetery at Pseira in 1907, but the work was never published. The Temple University excavations (1985-1994) under the direction of Philip P. Betancourt and Costis Davaras conducted an intensive surface survey of the cemetery area, cleaned and drew plans of all visible tombs, and excavated tombs that had not been previously excavated. The results of the cemetery excavations on the small island off the northeast coast of Crete are published in two volumes. Pseira VI publishes the methodology that was employed for the investigation, the topography of the cemetery area, the little that can be reconstructed of Seagers campaign, the ceramic petrography for the cemetery pottery, and the results of the intensive surface survey. The survey shows that the cemetery was first used in the Neolithic period, and it was abandoned in Middle Minoan II, before the expansion of the nearby town in LM I. It also demonstrates that the cemetery was larger than the area suggested by the 33 tombs found by Seager, and it shows that the customs included burial in jars, even though no examples have been excavated.

The storage of staples and its importance for the functioning of Cretan Bronze Age society has become an active topic of debate. This study reassesses the intrinsic relationship between storage and sociopolitical complexity by combining testimonies on the storage of staples from palatial, nonpalatial elite, and ordinary domestic contexts dated to the LM I period. The main goals are (1) to examine a wide range of information concerned with the storage of staples; (2) to develop a comprehensive model to explain how storage strategies operate within LM I societies; and (3) to infer sociopolitical and socio-economic levels of interaction among the different social sectors operating within LM I societies (mainly LM IB societies).

A comprehensive portrait of the controversial self-taught archaeologist C. C. Abbott. In the late nineteenth century, Charles Conrad Abbott, a medical doctor and self-taught archaeologist, gained notoriety for his theories on early humans. He believed in an American Paleolithic, represented by an early Ice Age occupation of the New World that paralleled that of Europe, a popular scientific topic at the time. He attempted to prove that the Trenton gravels-glacial outwash deposits near the Delaware River-contained evidence of an early, primitive population that pre-dated Native Americans. His theories were ultimately overturned in acrimonious public debate with government scientists, most notably William Henry Holmes of the Smithsonian Institution. His experience-and the rise and fall of his scientific reputation-paralleled a major shift in the field toward an increasing professionalization of archaeology (and science as a whole). This is the first biography of Charles Conrad Abbott to address his archaeological research beyond the Paleolithic debate, including his early attempts at historical archaeology on Burlington Island in the Delaware River, and prehistoric Middle Woodland collections made throughout his lifetime at Three Beeches in New Jersey, now the Abbott Farm National Historic Landmark. It also delves into his modestly successful career as a nature writer. As an archaeologist, he held a position with the Peabody Museum at Harvard University and was the first curator of the American Section at the Penn Museum. He also attempted to create a museum of American archaeology at Princeton University. Through various sources including archival letters and diaries, this book provides the most complete picture of the quirky and curmudgeonly, C. C. Abbott.

This book is a succinct and readable account of recent research at Gordion, the ancient capital of Phrygia, long one of the key sites for understanding Iron Age Anatolia. The regional survey at Gordion has involved a range of interdisciplinary studies-archaeological, environmental, and ethnoarchaeological-to produce an unusually comprehensive understanding of how the landscape evolved, the patterns of settlement during the rise and fall of the Phrygian state, and its environmental constraints. With a history of excavation of over a century, Gordion has yielded a vast store of material culture, some of which is spectacular. The Midas tumulus, the architecture of the Phrygian citadel, and the artifacts from several decades of excavations present unique challenges and solutions for conservation methodology. Analyses of these artifacts are providing new insights into the political and economic relationships of this region, particularly from the Early Iron Age to the Roman period. Presenting current work at Gordion contributes to the broader understanding of archaeology across the region and around the world.

Recipient of the G. Ernest Wright Award for Best Archaeological Publication, American Schools of Oriental Research, 2011 In 2007 the Jaffa Cultural Heritage Project (JCHP) was established as a joint research endeavor of the Israel Antiquities Authority and the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology at the University of California, Los Angeles. Among the projects diverse aims is the publication of numerous excavations conducted in Jaffa since 1948 under the auspices of various governmental and research institutions such as the Israel Department of Antiquities and Museums and its successor, the Israel Antiquities Authority, as well as the Jaffa Cultural Heritage Project. This, the first volume in the Jaffa Cultural Heritage Project series, lays the groundwork for this initiative. Part I provides the historical, economic, and legal context for the JCHPs development, while outlining its objectives and the unique opportunities that Jaffa offers researchers. The history of Jaffa and its region, and the major episodes of cultural change that affected the site and region are explored through a series of articles in Part II, including an illustrated discussion of historical maps of Jaffa from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Recent archaeological discoveries from Jaffa are included in Part III, while Part IV provides a first glimpse of the JCHPs efforts to publish the Jacob Kaplan and Haya Ritter-Kaplan legacy from Jaffa. Together the twenty-five contributions to this work constitute the first major book-length publication to address the archaeology of Jaffa in more than sixty years since excavations were initiated at the site.

There have been edited books on the archaeology of nomadism in various regions, and there have been individual archaeological and anthropological monographs, but nothing with the kind of coverage provided in this volume. Its strength and importance lies in the fact that it brings together a worldwide collection of studies of the archaeology of mobility. This book provides a ready-made reference to this worldwide phenomenon and is unique in that it tries to redefine pastoralism within a larger context by the term mobility. It presents many new ideas and thoughtful approaches, especially in the Central Asian region.

Itineraries and route descriptions are among the most outstanding sources for the reconstruction of historical geography. The stages mentioned in texts make it possible to determine the ancient road network in interdisciplinary cooperation between philology and archaeology and to identify ancient toponyms with archaeologically proven settlements dated by excavation or survey. However, routes are rarely the shortest way from A to B, but were always determined by certain parameters: What did the landscape that was travelled through look like? Where was water for travellers and pack animals accessible and where could rivers be crossed? How did travellers adapt to the seasonal conditions? And where did they find safe accommodation if there was no settlement? This volume brings together the answers of international experts from various disciplines. In the first part, the general conditions of vegetation, weather, water resources and general requirements for routes and travelling are discussed in five contributions by K. Deckers & M. de Gruchy, H. Reculeau, E. Cancik-Kirschbaum and A. Dietz. Furthermore, IT methods that allow knowledge modelling of itineraries are presented by C. Cruz and M. Poncet. The second part deals with selected itineraries in Upper Mesopotamia during the Middle and Late Bronze Age. A. Tenu, J.-L. Montero Fenollos & Francisco Caramelo present a new Middle Assyrian route stage, and D. Charpin reconstructs Zimri-Lims route from the Habur to the Euphrates. N. Ziegler, A. Otto & C. Fink present a new edition of the Old Babylonian "Road to Emar", the most elaborate travel description of Mesopotamian written documentation, and achieve an advanced reconstruction of the route and the identification of various ancient toponyms, above all of ami-Adads capital city Ekallatum.

This volume is the result of an "International Workshop on the Chronology of the Late Bronze Age (15th-13th Century BC) in Northern Syria (Upper Syrian Euphrates Area): Emar, Tall al-Qitar, Tall Munbaqa, Umm el-Marra and Tall Bazi". It took place on May 5-7, 2012 at the Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz. The need for the workshop was felt by the excavators of the mentioned sites, because a considerable number of LBA sites has been investigated in the Upper Euphrates area by now, but the relative and absolute chronology of most sites is still a matter of debate. The workshop in Mainz tried to tackle the problem of the dating of the Late Bronze Age of the Upper Syrian Euphrates region with the most simple and obvious method. The excavators and pottery specialists of the relevant sites were for the first time brought together. Each team was asked to present its stratified ceramic material and to explain their methods of dating: had the pottery sequence been dated by parallel with another settlement? If so, with which settlement? Or had the stratified material been dated by internal criteria, by written documents or by other well datable objects such as seals, tools and weapons, imported pottery or others? Or had it been dated by radiocarbon or other scientific analyses? The defined aim, which was circulated among the participants in advance, was "By putting together and by comparing the relevant stratified material, it should be possible to discern the consistencies and differences within the material and the reasons for them." It was hoped that the date of the relevant levels and of the various destructions would become evident, when the reliability of the dating of the Tablet Building at Hadidi to the 15th century was questioned and when each mission laid open its own dating methods, thereby avoiding the circularity of assumptions that had hitherto prevailed. This was not only achieved, but it was also able to establish new chronological anchor points for the Upper Euphrates valley.

In This Modern Age: Medieval Studies in Honor of Paul Edward Dutton is a collection of fourteen essays by scholars of the Carolingian era specializing in history, art history, and literature. The volume is divided into five sections, which treat early medieval Latin literary and historiographical culture, images and objects, interpretations of natural phenomena, and the subject of nostalgia. Reflecting Duttons pathbreaking work, the contributions all evince the great impact of his teaching and erudition over the past thirty years since the publication of his seminal books Carolingian Civilization: A Reader (1993), The Politics of Dreaming in the Carolingian Empire (1994), The Poetry and Paintings of the First Bible of Charles the Bald (with Herbert L. Kessler) (1997), Charlemagnes Courtier: The Complete Einhard (1998), Charlemagnes Mustache: And Other Cultural Clusters of a Dark Age (2004), together with his many influential articles. This body of highly distinctive, stimulating, and evocative scholarship has fundamentally transformed Carolingian studies, inspiring younger scholars to enter the field and encouraging established scholars to develop it in new directions. The essays in this volume individually pay tribute to Dutton in their illumination of diverse aspects of Carolingian intellectual, textual, and visual culture, with its famously idiosyncratic revival of Christian-Roman learning, aesthetics, and ideas. Gathered together, they offer an expression of gratitude for the risks that he took and the generosity that he has always shown.

The Greek ostraca in this edition are dated to the Ptolemaic and Roman periods. They were found during fourteen seasons (2005-2018) of the excavations of the joint Mission of the Universita degli Studi di Milano and IFAO under the direction of Prof. Claudio Gallazzi. There is a variety of texts, e.g., a new literary text with peculiar compound words, various school exercises, two groups of ostraca or archives (of Akousilaos and of Papontos), reports, private letters, accounts, receipts, lists, records, memoranda, tags, and some peculiar texts. One of the most important texts of this edition is the complete semi-annual balance sheet of an association. The texts contribute to the social and economic history of Tebtynis and the prosopography of the village. Because of the archaeological context (trench-section-layer), some conclusions can be drawn concerning the place of provenance of the ostraca. There are examples of randomly scattered refuse in open places, e.g., streets, alleys, or courtyards (outside the doors or gates of a house), deliberate refuse in middens and dumps for domestic use in various areas (open places, collapsed houses, etc.) within a neighborhood or outside the village space, and some ostraca were found in the rubbish tips on the south-eastern side of the temple of Soknebtynis.

This book is the first of a three-volume study of the structures and objects discovered during nine seasons of excavations (2017-2025) within the Ramesses II temple precinct conducted under the direction of Sameh Iskander. This volume contains five chapters organized in two parts; the first presents in three chapters a clear understanding of the precinct site, its extant architectural mud-brick structures outside the stone temple, and a careful investigation of the archeological objects and ceramic data obtained from the excavation. The second part focuses on the data obtained from the excavation of a mysterious mixed deposit of materials that were brought from unknown locations and dumped in one of the temples magazines (S15). This deposit offers new insights into our understanding of Abydos, a site rich in historical and archaeological significance.

La independencia de las Trece Colonias y la Revolución Francesa han ocupado un lugar privilegiado en el estudio de la Era de las revoluciones. Los nueve capítulos de este libro plantean colocar a la revolucion liberal española, al liberalismo hispanico y a las independencias hispanoamericanas en un lugar destacado en el estudio de dicha era. Esto lo hace el autor mediante un analisis de varios aspectos politicos e intelectuales del mundo hispanico del primer cuarto del siglo XIX que muestran su riqueza, su peculiaridad, su complejidad y sus aportaciones a la historia de las ideas en Occidente. En resumen, el libro que el lector tiene en sus manos proporciona argumentos para concluir que no se puede seguir ignorando a las revoluciones hispanicas cuando se escribe historia politica o historia intelectual sobre la Era de las revoluciones.Fuera de algunos especialistas, muy pocas personas saben que el termino "liberal" con una connotacion politica surgio en el mundo hispanico al final de la primera decada del siglo XIX. Concretamente, en las Cortes de Cadiz, una asamblea de representantes españoles e hispanoamericanos que se reunieron en ese puerto español entre 1810 y 1814. Esa asamblea bi-continental y la constitucion que elaboraron (la Constitucion de Cadiz o Constitucion de 1812) consideraron como ciudadanos a los indigenas de America y el documento era el mas abierto que hasta entonces se habia redactado en terminos de participacion electoral. Ademas, tuvo repercusiones sobre varias regiones italianas, Portugal, Rusia y Noruega, asi como, por supuesto, sobre los territorios hispanoamericanos, los cuales pronto extendieron la revolucion hispanica al Nuevo Continente y optaron por una via propia hacia la modernidad politica que surgio en Occidente durante la Era de las revoluciones.