Ebooks de historia, página 36 de 2153

This is an introductory pedagogical grammar designed for readers with no previous knowledge of Sumerian. It can be used with or without a teacher. A general description of Sumerian is followed by a series of 30 graduated lessons each including a sign-list and vocabulary, cuneiform texts, transliteration, transcription and translation.

The first English-language monograph that describes seasonal and permanent Late Bronze Age settlements in the Russian steppes, this is the final report of the Samara Valley Project, a US-Russian archaeological investigation conducted between 1995 and 2002. It explores the changing organization and subsistence resources of pastoral steppe economies from the Eneolithic (4500 BC) through the Late Bronze Age (1900-1200 BC) across a steppe-and-river valley landscape in the middle Volga region, with particular attention to the role of agriculture during the unusual episode of sedentary, settled pastoralism that spread across the Eurasian steppes with the Srubnaya and Andronovo cultures (1900-1200 BC). Three astonishing discoveries were made by the SVP archaeologists: agriculture played no role in the LBA diet across the region, a surprise given the settled residential pattern; a unique winter ritual was practiced at Krasnosamarskoe involving dog and wolf sacrifices, possibly related to male initiation ceremonies; and overlapping spheres of obligation, cooperation, and affiliation operated at different scales to integrate groups defined by politics, economics, and ritual behaviors.

Honoring Jane Buikstras pioneering work in the development of bioarchaeological research, the essays in this volume stem from a symposium held at the annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Multiple generations of Buikstras former doctoral students and other colleagues gathered to discuss the impact of her mentorship. The essays are remarkable for their breadth, in terms of both the topics discussed and the geographical range they cover. The contributions highlight the dynamism of bioarchaeology, which owes so much to the strong foundations laid down over the last few decades. The volume documents the degree to which bioarchaeological approaches have become normalized and integrated into anthropological research: bioarchaeology has moved out of the appendix and into the interpretation of archaeological data. New perspectives have emerged, partly in response to theoretical changes within anthropology, but also as a result of the engagement of the broader discipline with bioarchaeology.

This book is the first in more than a decade to provide new information on the Chavin phenomenon of ancient Peru. Thought by some to be the "Mother Culture" of ancient Peruvian cultures, Chavin is remarkable for its baroque, sophisticated art style in a variety of media, including finely carved stone monuments, beautifully formed pottery, and magnificent and complex metallurgy. Also, the textiles from Chavin are incredibly innovative, both iconographically and structurally. They, in fact, form the foundation for the later Andean textile evolution. Chapters in this book cover new interpretations of the history of the site of Chavin de Huantar, studies of related cultures, the role of shamanism, and many other topics of interest to specialists and the general reader, alike.

Recipient of the Jo Anne Stolaroff Cotsen Prize. This volume publishes the excavation and analysis of the Early Iron Age cemetery at Torone in Chalkidike, in the north Aegean, Greece. Spanning the period between the twelfth or eleventh century down to ca. 850 BC, the cemetery represents one of the few burial grounds of the period in Greece to have been excavated virtually in its entirety (yielding 134 tombs, of which 118 were cremations and 16 inhumations).

David B. Rudermans groundbreaking studies of Jewish intellectuals as they engaged with Renaissance humanism, the Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment have set the agenda for a distinctive historiographical approach to Jewish culture in early modern Europe, from 1500 to 1800. From his initial studies of Italy to his later work on eighteenth-century English, German, and Polish Jews, Ruderman has emphasized the individual as a representative or exemplary figure through whose life and career the problems of a period and cultural context are revealed. Thirty-one leading scholars celebrate Rudermans stellar career in essays that bring new insight into Jewish culture as it is intertwined in Jewish, European, Ottoman, and American history. The volume presents probing historical snapshots that advance, refine, and challenge how we understand the early modern period and spark further inquiry. Key elements explored include those inspired by Rudermans own work: the role of print, the significance of networks and mobility among Jewish intellectuals, the value of extraordinary individuals who absorbed and translated so-called external traditions into a Jewish idiom, and the interaction between cultures through texts and personal encounters of Jewish and Christian intellectuals. While these elements can be found in earlier periods of Jewish history, Ruderman and his colleagues point to an intensification of mobility, the dissemination of knowledge, and the blurring of boundaries in the early modern period. These studies present a rich and nuanced portrait of a Jewish culture that is both a contributing member and a product of early modern Europe and the Ottoman Empire. As director of the Herbert D. Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania, Ruderman has fostered a community of scholars from Europe, North America, and Israel who work in the widest range of areas that touch on Jewish culture. He has worked to make Jewish studies an essential element of mainstream humanities. The essays in this volume are a testament to the haven he has fostered for scholars, which has and continues to generate important works of scholarship across the entire spectrum of Jewish history.

Fundada en Jerusalén en el siglo XI con la finalidad de atender a los pobres, enfermos y peregrinos, la Orden del Hospital de San Juan se consolidó como Estado soberano cuando en 1530 el emperador Carlos V le cedio la isla de Malta. Precisamente, este libro expone los aspectos mas destacados de la Historia de dicha Orden en el siglo XVI: su estrategia politica y militar en el Mediterraneo, su organizacion sanitaria, el documento de cesion de la isla de Malta y su interpretacion en el marco de los actos de infeudacion, incluido el rito anual de entrega del halcon maltes exigido por Carlos V, el ceremonial de armar caballero y toma de habito, la regla y estatutos, la organizacion hospitalaria en España, la presencia de la Orden en el arte y en la literatura, etc.

La obra, por razones obvias de espacio, es una pequeña representación de los muchos docentes e investigadores de España e Iberoamérica que han admirado el trabajo y la personalidad académica del doctor Lozano.El libro, por el especial recorrido academico de Claudio Lozano, se ha titulado: La Historia de la Educacion entre Europa y America. Una apuesta heuristica de veintisiete trabajos estructurado en dos bloques tematicos: un primero, dedicado al perfil humano, intelectual e historiografico del homenajeado, descansa en siete aportaciones de colegas y amigos que han trabajado muy cerca de el y lo han conocido directamente; el segundo, mas diverso, elaborado por admiradores y estudiosos de sus trabajos, se centra en veinte investigaciones monograficas, orientadas a alentar y complementar el sentido de su obra.Pivotan en buena parte sobre sus focos de interes historiografico. Abarca un total de veinte trabajos escritos especialmente para esta ocasion y que, a grandes trazos, cubren el panorama historico desde el Renacimiento hasta hoy mismo. Por lo general, se trata de investigaciones de corte historico, pero tambien se constata la presencia de alguna reflexion que concierne a la Filosofia de la Educacion.

When the Karaites successfully dissociated themselves from the Rabbanite Russian Jews with the creation of the Karaite Religious Consistory in 1837, the result was a schism within Judaism unprecedented since the rise of Christianity. Philip E. Miller sets this event in the context of the history of the Russian Karaites from their origins to the present, focusing on economic and political concerns that led to the schism. The Karaites separatism shielded them from the horrific fates suffered by the Rabbanites under the tsars, under Hitler, and under Stalin, but it ultimately led to their nearly complete assimilation and disappearance as a people. The central character in Millers study is Simchah Babovich, a Crimean Karaite whose wealth and prominence enabled him to curry favor with the imperial Russian government. In 1827, Babovich traveled to St. Petersburg on behalf of the Karaite community and petitioned the tsar for exemption from military conscription legislation that applied to all Jews in the realm. Accompanying him on the journey was Joseph Solomon ben Moses Lutski, the leading Karaite religious scholar of Evpatoriia. Lutskis chronicle of the mission, the Iggeret teshuat Yisrael (Epistle of Israels Deliverance), is reprinted here as an annotated Hebrew text with English translation. In colorful detail, the Iggeret records the delegations travel adventures, their activities as guests and tourists in the imperial capital, the swift granting of Babovichs request, and the Karaites euphoric reaction when the successful petitioners arrived back home in Evpatoriia.

Shortly after 800 B.C., a village was founded in the wetland and riverine habitat of northern Belize. Now called Kaxob, this Maya community grew and prospered through Formative and Classic times. A millennial-long record of Formative life has been investigated archaeologically by peeling back the closely stratified layers of superimposed domiciles. These houses, their domestic and mortuary features, and associated artifacts reveal a conscious construction of identity and shed light on the manner in which materiality was manipulated in response to larger political dictates. Longterm stasis in material remains suggests that artisan production played a key role in social reproduction, yet the manner in which access to key resources was increasingly localized intimates a political landscape of crystallizing hierarchies. Subfloor mortuary interments were spatially associated with cuisine-related features such as sherd-lined pits, reflecting a cosmology in which ritual and work were closely integrated. These insights and more are presented in individual chapters that examine the material remains of early Kaxob. An accompanying interactive CD provides complementary materials on a scale never before achieved and includes comprehensive data sets, over one thousand images (both photographs and line drawings), a tour of Kaxob, and 3-D models of the excavation units.

El descubrimiento del Nuevo Mundo convirtió a España en potencia mundial e inauguró un nuevo capítulo en el comercio internacional, si bien en el siglo XVII los españoles tuvieron que hacer frente a una grave crisis. Con el mercantilismo, el mercader se convirtio en la figura central de la sociedad. Si a partir de entonces los nobles aspiraron a ejercer el oficio de mercader, que se habia dotado de prestigio gracias a la riqueza que conllevaba, no dejaba de ser evidente, en muchos casos, la desigualdad existente entre el honor de ambos: ya desde los tiempos biblicos, el usurero y el logrero dañaron la imagen del mercader, que se encuentra bajo la sospecha de ser codicioso, de sacar provecho del trabajo ajeno y de vivir ociosamente del trabajo productivo. Sin embargo, no deja de situarse en las antipodas tanto del caballero ocioso, al cual se le prohibe trabajar, como del pobre mendigo, que gana su dinero a traves de la mendicidad y no del trabajo. En el contexto de una nueva valoracion del mercader se formulo un nuevo ideal de vida, en el cual el trabajo sobrio y disciplinado se vuelve central, mientras que el afan de honor comienza a ser condenado.

Este libro estudia la transformación, inestabilidad y precariedad de saberes y textos que es consecuencia directa de la actividad censoria de las inquisiciones ibéricas y de la promulgación y aplicacion de los indices expurgatorios españoles de los siglos XVI y XVII. Mas que a ofrecer un panorama exhaustivo, aspira a desbrozar, mediante analisis de obras, autores y casos, algunos de los efectos cualitativos de la censura, para contribuir asi, desde lo particular, a una sintesis futura mas rica sobre el impacto en la cultura europea de los instrumentos de control y vigilancia del impreso. El volumen adopta la perspectiva de la filologia romanica e hispanica y, por tanto, privilegia los textos en lengua vulgar, con una especial atencion a los de devocion, piedad, historia y entretenimiento. Se compone de catorce estudios divididos en tres ejes tematicos y cronologicos, dedicados a la oracion, la devocion y la supersticion, a la literatura del siglo XVI, y a la literatura y ciencia del siglo XVII. Recoge importantes contribuciones de reconocidos especialistas en la literatura española altomoderna y en las formas de heterodoxia en la España del siglo XVI.

Panorama de la actividad escénica, teatral y musical que tuvo lugar en Salamanca durante el siglo XVI y primera década del XVII con motivo de la festividad eucarística. Se analiza ese quehacer lúdico festivo surgido en torno a la catedral, asi como la incorporacion del Consistorio y la parroquia de San Martin en las celebraciones en calles y plazas de la ciudad.

What is the role of religious aspects in legitimizing or delegitimizing violence? The articles of this volume provide an important contribution to this crucial social and scholarly debate. Analysing a broad spectrum of case studies from antiquity, they focus on religious justifications or evaluations of recommended, performed, or forbidden acts of violence regardless of the question of their historicity. Not only late antiquity and Christianity are considered, but also pre-Christian Greek and Roman civilizations, Judaism, literary myth, and atheism. The case studies cover the period from the fifth century BCE to the fifth century CE and a broad geographical scope extending from Gaul to Israel and Egypt. This volume offers new insights into a highly topical issue.

The analysis of a Greek political phenomenon within the confines of the so-called colonial city-states of Sicily and Southern Italy is the theme of the present e-book. On the basis of detailed case-studies covering the revolutions in cities like Croton, Cumae, Acragas and Syracuse, the following subjects are dealt with: social stratification and political institutions, the massive presence of foreigners and non-Greeks within the borders of the polis, the role of mercenaries in the local armies and in city life. An apart chapter is dedicated to the technique of the coup detat, showing how it was determined by the peculiarities of the Greek city-state.

The testimony of Livy book 31, when supplemented by fragments of Polybius, reveals Roman intentions at a critical point in Greco-Roman history. Intertextual exegesis affirms the coherence of Livys narrative, while also illuminating his technique. Reconstruction of the chronological sequence of events shows that the differences between Polybian and Roman sources are not as great as generally maintained. Acceptance of the integrity of Livys text has profound implications for the question of Roman imperialism. With consummate calculation, the Romans prepared to declare war and mount an overseas invasion. The Straits of Otranto and a base were secured, a propaganda mission despatched, thus lessening the urgency for invasion itself.

GOP 3 offers preliminary excavation results from the 2006-2007 season at the Heit el-Ghurab (HeG) site of Giza and from clearing and mapping at the Khentkawes Town site. The volume includes the results of a ground-penetrating radar study by Glen Dash in the areas around the Valley Temples of Menkaure and Khafre, as well as near the Khentkawes Town. Mark Lehners Capital Zone article discusses the geomorphological history of the Heit el-Ghurab site and the Khentkawes Town at Giza as it relates to observations and conclusions about the flood plain and Nile flood levels, with an overall emphasis on the Old Kingdom, at Dahshur, in the Memphis/Saqqara area, near Giza and in the region of Ausim and Abu Roash. Bunbury, Lutley, and Graham offer an overall view of Gizas geomorphology, and Yukinori Kawae summarizes the 2006 three-dimensional laser scanning of the Khentkawes monument.

While the builders of the Giza pyramids built amazing monuments for pharaohs Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure, they also created one of the earliest examples of urban planning. When the last Giza pyramid was completed, the Lost City was abandoned and forgotten until its rediscovery within the past two decades. Giza Reports details our work at the settlement of the pyramid builders. The volume is illustrated with 196 line drawings and 96 black and white photos. It also includes two large fold-out maps: a topographical map of the Giza Plateau and a map of the excavation site.

Un primer capítulo, al que hemos titulado “La incorporación de La Florida a la Monarquía Hispánica”, en el cual hemos analizado ese inmenso proceso, que se iniciaba en 1512, a través de la presencia

Este libro aborda el papel de la espiritualidad en la formación y consolación de los reinos ibéricos, especialmente en Castilla, Aragón y Portugal, y en menor grado, Navarra. Pone énfasissus factore