Libros de Física de la materia, nuclear y cuántica, página 9 de 25

A series of seminal technological revolutions has led to a new generation of electronic devices miniaturized to such tiny scales where the strange laws of quantum physics come into play. There is no doubt that, unlike scientists and engineers of the past, technology leaders of the future will have to rely on quantum mechanics in their everyday work. This makes teaching and learning the subject of paramount importance for further progress. Mastering quantum physics is a very non-trivial task and its deep understanding can only be achieved through working out real-life problems and examples. It is notoriously difficult to come up with new quantum-mechanical problems that would be solvable with a pencil and paper, and within a finite amount of time. This book remarkably presents some 700+ original problems in quantum mechanics together with detailed solutions covering nearly 1000 pages on all aspects of quantum science. The material is largely new to the English-speaking audience. The problems have been collected over about 60 years, first by the lead author, the late Prof. Victor Galitski, Sr. Over the years, new problems were added and the material polished by Prof. Boris Karnakov. Finally, Prof. Victor Galitski, Jr., has extended the material with new problems particularly relevant to modern science.

En 50 cosas que hay que saber sobre Física Cuántica, de Joanne Baker, autora de otras obras con la física de la materia, nuclear y cuántica de fondo como 50 cosas que hay que saber sobre Física o 50 cosas que hay que saber sobre el universo, la autora se embarca ahora en el conocimiento de la fisica cuantica, probablemente la disciplina cientifica mas en boga. Joanne Baker estudio Fisica en la Universidad de Cambridge y obtuvo su doctorado en la Universidad de Sydney. Es editora de la revista Science y especialista en temas sobre el espacio y las ciencias terrestres. 50 cosas que hay que saber sobre Fisica Cuantica tiene el rigor, la amenidad y el interes habituales en la coleccion.El mundo subatomico no se parece a nada conocido. En el, la teletransportacion es posible, pueden existir realidades alternativas y la mayoria de leyes del universo que dabamos por demostradas aqui no funcionan. La teoria cuantica es el concepto mas revolucionario nunca planteado en la historia de la humanidad. Los 50 capitulos de esta introduccion a la fisica cuantica abarcan las ideas mas complejas y sus posibles aplicaciones desde la teoria de cuerdas a los agujeros negros, desde el electromagnetismo a la informatica cuantica- e incluye informacion precisa, cronologias y datos destacados. Un libro que desmitifica la mas esoterica de las disciplinas cientificas y que sirve como perfecta introduccion a la naturaleza fundamental del universo. Teoria de la relatividad, el gato de Schrodinger, la fision y fusion nuclear, el atomo de Rutherford, la antimateria...

Con motivo de la puesta en marcha del LHC, la máquina más grande y compleja jamás creada, el autor nos invita a un viaje fascinante por la ciencia básica y por la física fundamental. Realiza un sugerente recorrido por la historia de las ideas más importantes en las que se basa nuestra comprensión actual de la naturaleza y expone las preguntas aún sin respuesta, hasta llegar a la frontera actual de la física y lo que puede haber más allá de la misma. ¿Qué es y para qué sirve el LHC? ¿ Entraña algún peligro para el planeta? El autor examina también estas cuestiones y concluye que el LHC es necesario para el progreso de nuestro conocimiento básico y describe su utilidad para la sociedad. #Con mano firme, y excelente prosa, el autor les conduce a través de una exposición magistral, por los logros de la física moderna: la teoría de la relatividad, la mecánica cuántica, la física de partículas, la cosmología moderna. Con sus luces y sus sombras. Descubrirán los interrogantes que obsesionan y fascinan a miles de científicos en la búsqueda de las leyes que rigen el funcionamiento del Universo; y por qué el LHC es un eslabón fundamental para encontrar respuestas a preguntas que ponen en cuestión nuestra propia existencia [... el libro] es una miniatura maestra#. Luis Álvarez-Gaumé Director de la División Teórica del CERN Alberto Casas es doctor en física teórica y profesor de investigación del CSIC en el Instituto de Física Teórica, en Madrid, del que actualmente es director. Sus áreas de investigación son la física de partículas elementales y la cosmología y ha publicado más de 80 artículos científicos en revistas internacionales. Ha trabajado durante años en las Universidades de Oxford y California, y en el CERN (Centro Europeo de Física de Partículas) de Ginebra, donde está instalado el LHC; y, en estancias más breves, en instituciones y centros de todo el m

Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation ProtectionDiscover the keys to radiation protection in the fourth edition of this best-selling textbookA variety of atomic and sub-atomic processes, including alpha, beta, and gamma decay or electron ejection from inner atom shells, can produce ionizing radiation. This radiation can in turn produce environmental and biological effects both harmful including DNA damage and other impacts of so-called radiation sickness and helpful, including radiation treatment for cancerous tumors. Understanding the processes that generate radiation and the steps which can be taken to mitigate or direct its effects is therefore critical in a wide range of industries and medical subfields.For decades, Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection has served as the classic reference work on the subject of ionizing radiation and its safeguards. Beginning with a presentation of fundamental atomic structure and the physical mechanisms which produce radiation, the book also includes thorough discussion of how radiation can be detected and measured, as well as guide-lines for interpreting radiation statistics and detailed analysis of protective measures, both individual and environmental. Now updated by a new generation of leading scholars and researchers, Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection will continue to serve global scientific and industrial research communities.

Electrospun Polymers and Composites: Ultrafine Materials, High Performance Fibres and Wearables reviews the latest technological developments and innovations in electrospun polymers and composites, highlighting the multifunctionality of these ultrafine materials as high performance fibers. The book's chapters investigate a wide range of different electrospinning applications, including drug delivery, tissue scaffolding, fiber reinforcement and nanofiltration, with a particular focus on shape memory effect and the wearable characteristics of electrospun polymers and composites. This will be a valuable reference resource for research and for industrial communities working in the field of electrospinning.

Sensors are effective tools used to carry out cost-effective, fast, and reliable sensing for a wide range of applications. This volume presents a brief history behind sensing technology and highlights a broad range of biosensing techniques based on optical and electrochemical response methods. Starting from the traditional enzyme-based biosensing method to functionalized nanostructure-based sensors, this book also provides a detailed overview of some of the advanced sensing methodologies based on photonic crystal cavity-based sensing devices.

Known for its comprehensive coverage and up-to-date literature citations, this classic text provides students and instructors with the most complete coverage available of radiation detection and measurement.Over the decade that has passed since the publication of the 3rd edition, technical developments continue to enhance the instruments and techniques available for the detection and spectroscopy of ionizing radiation. The Fourth Edition of this invaluable resource incorporates the latest developments and cutting-edge technologies to make this the most up-to-date guide to the field available:? Covers many new materials that are emerging as scintillators that can achieve energy resolution that is better by a factor of two compared with traditional materials? Presents new material on ROC curves, micropattern gas detectors, new sensors for scintillation light, thick film semiconductors, and digital techniques in detector pulse processing

Now available in paperback, The Quantum Theory of Fields is a self-contained, comprehensive, and up-to-date introduction to quantum field theory from Nobel Laureate Steven Weinberg. The first volume introduces the foundations of quantum field theory, the second volume examines modern applications, and finally the third volume presents supersymmetry.

A comprehensive, unified treatment of present-day nuclear physics-the fresh edition of a classic text/reference."A fine and thoroughly up-to-date textbook on nuclear physics . . . most welcome." -Physics Today (on the First Edition).What sets Introductory Nuclear Physics apart from other books on the subject is its presentation of nuclear physics as an integral part of modern physics. Placing the discipline within a broad historical and scientific context, it makes important connections to other fields such as elementary particle physics and astrophysics.Now fully revised and updated, this Second Edition explores the changing directions in nuclear physics, emphasizing new developments and current research-from superdeformation to quark-gluon plasma. Author Samuel S.M. Wong preserves those areas that established the First Edition as a standard text in university physics departments, focusing on what is exciting about the discipline and providing a concise, thorough, and accessible treatment of the fundamental aspects of nuclear properties.

This thesis sheds new light on the fascinating properties of composite quantum systems.Quantum systems of different sizes, ranging from small bipartite systems to large many-body ensembles, can be studied with the help of modern quantum optical experiments. These experiments make it possible to observe a broad variety of striking features, including nonclassical correlations, complex dynamics and quantum phase transitions. By adopting the complementary perspectives of quantum information theory, quantum chemistry and many-body theory, the thesis develops new methods for the efficient characterization and description of interacting, composite quantum systems.

This book presents theoretical methods and experimental results on the study of multipartite quantum correlations in spin-squeezed BoseEinstein condensates. Nonclassical correlations in many-body systems are particularly interesting for both fundamental research and practical applications. For their investigation, ultracold atomic ensembles offer an ideal platform, due to their high controllability and long coherence times. In particular, we introduce criteria for detecting and characterizing multipartite entanglement, EinsteinPodolskyRosen steering, and Bell correlations. Moreover, we present the experimental observation of such correlations in systems of about 600 atoms.

Richard Feynman was the first to propose the idea of applying the laws of quantum physics to perform computational tasks in 1982. David Deutsch then generalised the notion of a Turing machine to the quantum realm, in-troducing the notion of a universal quantum computer. In this system, the bit (the classical unit of information) is replaced by the quantum bit or qubit. The quantum superposition principle allows the qubit to be in any superposition state a 0⟩ + b 1⟩, instead of being in just one of the two states 0 or 1 as a classical bit. This "quantum parallelism" is the key property of a quantum computer, which provides access to an exponentially larger set of states to process information. It makes it possible to simulate quantum systems that classical computers cannot afford due to their size. It could also solve new tasks, as creating true random numbers, and improve others such as the database searching, and prime number factorisation.

This thesis addresses 2 challenges in biomaterials research: 1) diffusion phenomena in Ti-Al-Nb alloys as materials for structural applications; and 2) the development of magnetic hyperthermia therapies against cancer more efficient and less invasive. Both challenges share a characteristic physical ground, which is the guideline of this work: they are based on transfer phenomena, mass transfer in the first case, and heat transfer in the second.

Hay algunos conceptos de la realidad que debemos de mejorar. Seguimos considerando a la luz separada de la materia como la separó Dios en el día primero. La materia produce y absorbe la luz. No podemos separarlas. Cualquier particula se transforma en luz si se encuentra con su antiparticula. Podemos digitalizar el universo contando sus fotones. Digitalizamos la realidad y nos podemos trasladar por el espacio en forma de luz. Mantenemos todavia los conceptos de espacio y tiempo absolutos que descubrio Newton hace ya casi cuatro siglos. Cada dia inventamos vehiculos mas rapidos y seguimos aceptando que no podemos superar la velocidad de la luz que fijo Einstein. Puede que si y que podamos trasladarnos por las estrellas. Seguro que hay energias nuevas que estan por descubrir y que no producen dioxido de carbono. El modelo de vacio, atomo y tabla periodica seguro que estan desfasados. Que decir de la sintesis, lo hemos comprobado con las vacunas y las quimioterapias… Que decir del universo y de la vida. La mayoria de las zonas del espectro electromagnetico estan por experimentar. Gracias.

Superconducting quantum circuits are among the most promising solutions for the development of scalable quantum computers. Built with sizes that range from microns to tens of metres using superconducting fabrication techniques and microwave technology, superconducting circuits demonstrate distinctive quantum properties such as superposition and entanglement at cryogenic temperatures. This book provides a comprehensive and self-contained introduction to the world of superconducting quantum circuits, and how they are used in current quantum technology. Beginning with a description of their basic superconducting properties, the author then explores their use in quantum systems, showing how they can emulate individual photons and atoms, and ultimately behave as qubits within highly connected quantum systems. Particular attention is paid to cutting-edge applications of these superconducting circuits in quantum computing and quantum simulation. Written for graduate students and junior researchers, this accessible text includes numerous homework problems and worked examples.

The instant Sunday Times bestseller -- a beautiful story of rebellion and science'Popular science has rarely been so good' Prospect'A triumph. . . We are left in a world that is not disenchanted by science, but even more magical' Financial TimesIn June 1925, twenty-three-year-old Werner Heisenberg, suffering from hay fever, had retreated to the treeless, wind-battered island of Helgoland in the North Sea in order to think. Walking all night, by dawn he had wrestled with an idea that would transform the whole of science and our very conception of the world.In Helgoland Carlo Rovelli tells the story of the birth of quantum physics and its bright young founders who were to become some of the most famous Nobel winners in science. It is a celebration of youthful rebellion and intellectual revolution. An invitation to a magical place.Here Rovelli illuminates competing interpretations of this science and offers his own original view, describing the world we touch as a fabric woven by relations. Where we, as every other thing around us, exist in our interactions with one another, in a never-ending game of mirrors.A dazzling work from a celebrated scientist and master storyteller, Helgoland transports us to dizzying heights, reminding us of the many pleasures of the life of the mind.Translated by Erica Segre and Simon CarnellChosen as a Book of the Year by The Times, Financial Times, Sunday Times, Guardian and Prospect

Ideal for graduate students beginning research in optical quantum information processing, this textbook describes the techniques that are likely to be used in implementing optical quantum information processors. It presents the most important techniques of the field using worked examples and over 120 exercises.

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Neste libro, Juanjo Lamelas explica a física cuántica coma se fose un conto. E para facilitar a comprensión válese dun protagonista chamado Electroncio, unha partícula elemental que aproveita as súas propiedades de ente cuantico para relatar dende dentro o estraño mundo no que vive. Grazas a ela, o autor contanos como transcorreron as cousas dende os albores da historia ata o presente. Asi, chegamos a mecanica cuantica, unha teoria perturbadora e misteriosa, ferramenta imprescindible para comprender multitude de fenomenos que pasan ao noso redor, moitos dos cales forman parte da nosa vida cotia.Neste libro, Juanjo Lamelas explica a física cuántica coma se fose un conto. E para facilitar a comprensión válese dun protagonista chamado Electroncio, unha partícula elemental que aproveita as súas propiedades de ente cuantico para relatar dende dentro o estraño mundo no que vive. Grazas a ela, o autor contanos como transcorreron as cousas dende os albores da historia ata o presente. Asi, chegamos a mecanica cuantica, unha teoria perturbadora e misteriosa, ferramenta imprescindible para comprender multitude de fenomenos que pasan ao noso redor, moitos dos cales forman parte da nosa vida cotia.