Kenya is a thriving country in East Africa: its economy is largely based on the natural environment that frames the tourism sector, mainly through safaris and holidays on the coast. The natural environment also underpins the second largest industry: agriculture. Kenya's social, technological, and industrial developments are a reference for many neighboring countries. Kenya plays a leading role in Africa and attracts huge amounts of investments. Furthermore, the humanitarian community has made Nairobi its base for international headquarters and regional offices. This makes Kenya a possible model for development and investment in its widest sense. This book aims at updating the holistic view on Kenya's natural environment and resources. It provides a sound scientific introduction to this country's physical and socioeconomic setting and its evolution through time and will appeal to a broad audience of students - in Kenya and abroad - as well as those working in the development and humanitarian sectors and to international donors looking for a scientific compendium on Kenya's environment. Its structure and references allow the reader to deepen his or her knowledge of every theme touched on in the book. It combines different aspects of physical geography, water and soil resources and their management strategies. It is written by a blend of international and national experts. It includes specific case studies.

Integrating Scale in Remote Sensing and GIS serves as the most comprehensive documentation of the scientific and methodological advances that have taken place in integrating scale and remote sensing data. This work addresses the invariants of scale, the ability to change scale, measures of the impact of scale, scale as a parameter in process models, and the implementation of multiscale approaches as methods and techniques for integrating multiple kinds of remote sensing data collected at varying spatial, temporal, and radiometric scales. Researchers, instructors, and students alike will benefit from a guide that has been pragmatically divided into four thematic groups: scale issues and multiple scaling; physical scale as applied to natural resources; urban scale; and human health/social scale. Teeming with insights that elucidate the significance of scale as a foundation for geographic analysis, this book is a vital resource to those seriously involved in the field of GIScience.

The book describes the theoretical fundamentals of atmospheric optics as a science of propagation, transformation and generation of electromagnetic radiation in the atmosphere from ultraviolet to microwave radiation. The main characteristics of the planets of the solar system and their atmospheres are given. The equation of the transfer of radiation in different spectral ranges, absorption of radiation by atmospheric gases and aerosol,molecular, aerosol and other types of nonresonant scattering , atmospheric refraction, reflection of radiation from the surface, and glow of the atmosphere are discussed. Methods of calculating radiation for the solar and thermal range of the spectrum are outlined. Problems of radiation energetics and remote probing of the atmosphere are discussed. 1. Solar system: planets and the Sun 2. Earth''s atmosphere 3. Propagation of radiation in atmosphere 4. Molecular absorption in atmosphere 5. Scattering of light in atmosphere 6. Optical properties of underlying surfaces 7. Fundamentals of theory of transfer of natural radiation of atmosphere 8. Main concepts of theory of transfer of solar radiation 9.Radiation energetics of the atmosphereunderlying suface system 10. Radiation as a source of information on optical and physical parameters of planet atmospheres

Artificial Intelligence in Earth Science Best Practices and Fundamental Challenges provides a comprehensive step by step guide to AI workflows for solving problems in Earth Science The book focuses on the most challenging problems in applying AI in Earth system sciences such as training data preparation model selection hyperparameter tuning model structure optimization spatiotemporal generalization transforming model results into products and explaining trained models In addition it provides full stack workflow tutorials to help walk readers through the whole process regardless of previous AI experience The book tackles the complexity of Earth system problems in AI engineering fully guiding geoscientists who are planning to implement AI in their daily work

"Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes" is the first senior undergraduate - postgraduate textbook to focus specifically on the multiplicity of geological processes that result in the formation of mineral deposits. Commencing with an overview of magmatic ore-forming processes, the text moves systematically through hydrothermal and sedimentary metallogenic environments, covering as it does the entire gamut of mineral deposit types, including the fossil fuels and supergene ores. The final chapter relates metallogeny to global tectonics by examining the distribution of mineral deposits in space and time. The text is punctuated with boxed examples of world famous ore deposits which provide context and relevance to the process-oriented descriptions of ore genesis. This book brings the discipline of economic geology back into the realm of conventional mainstream earth science by emphasizing the fact that mineral deposits are simply one of the many natural wonders of geological process and evolution. "Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes" has been written as a core text for advanced undergraduates or graduate students in earth science programs taking a course in economic geology, mineral deposits, or ore geochemistry, and for geologists working in mineral exploration, the mining industry, and related areas. "Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes" is the first senior undergraduate - postgraduate textbook to focus specifically on the multiplicity of geological processes that result in the formation of mineral deposits. Opens with an overview of magmatic ore-forming processes Moves systematically through hydrothermal and sedimentary metallogenic environments, covering as it does the entire gamut of mineral deposit types, including the fossil fuels and supergene ores The final chapter relates metallogeny to global tectonics by examining the distribution of mineral deposits in space and time Boxed examples of world famous ore deposits are featured throughout providing context and relevance to the process-oriented descriptions of ore genesis Brings the discipline of economic geology back into the realm of conventional mainstream earth science by emphasizing the fact that mineral deposits are simply one of the many natural wonders of geological process and evolution. &

"Basin Analysis" is an up-to-date overview of the essential processes of the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins, and their implications for the development of hydrocarbon resources. Since the first edition of this important and popular text, there has been an explosion of new data, new technology and new concepts in the field. This new edition takes account of these developments while retaining the successful structure and philosophy of the original text. "Basin Analysis" builds an understanding of sedimentary basins by examining the principles underlying how basins function by looking at their structure, thermal and subsidence history, and stratigraphic architecture. "Basin Analysis" is an up-to-date overview of the essential processes of the formation and evolution of sedimentary basins, and their implications for the development of hydrocarbon resources. The new edition features: A consideration of the fundamental physical state of the lithosphere. A discussion on the major types of lithospheric deformation relevant to basin development - stretching and flexure. A new chapter on the effects of mantle dynamics. Radically revised chapters on the basin-fill. A new chapter on the erosional engine for sediment delivery to basins, reflecting the massive and exciting advances in this area in the last decade. Expansion of the techniques used in approaching problems in basin analysis. Updated chapters on subsidence analysis and measurements of thermal maturity of organic and non-organic components of the basin-fill. New material on thermochronological and exposure dating tools. Inclusion of the important petroleum system concept in the updated section on the application to the petroleum play.