eBooks de Divulgación científica, página 11 de 122

This book sheds light on the causes, effects, and control of microplastic pollution, providing valuable insights into the tools and techniques for analysis, the impact on ecosystems, and the potential risks to human well-being. The editors focus on the urgency of addressing this global environmental challenge through collaborative efforts and sustainable solutions. This reference features 10 edited chapters covering multiple aspects of microplastic pollution. The book introduces the reader to various tools and techniques used to analyze microplastic pollution in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. It then examines the sources, pathways, and levels of microplastic contamination in the environment and explains how to assess the potential health risks for the nearby communities. The impact of microplastic on flora and fauna is presented in one chapter. To emphasize the importance of accurate assessment methods in understanding the extent and impact of microplastic contamination. The editors also present a case study conducted in Thoothukudi, South India, to explore the implications of microplastic pollution on human health. The book also provides information on solutions to microplastic pollution including the use of bioplastics and removal techniques. Microplastic Pollution: Causes, Effects, and Control It equips readers with a complete understanding of the global challenge of microplastics, fostering awareness and encouraging further research and action to protect our ecosystems and human health from their detrimental impact. It is an ideal handbook for environmental science researchers and students who need to understand microplastic pollution and plan environmental impact assessments for research projects in academic and professional settings, Key Features - Comprehensive coverage of microplastic pollution with 10 structured chapters - Informs readers about important parameters to understand and measure the impact of microplastics on local fauna, flora and the surrounding environment - Covers evaluation and remediation of microplastics in both terrestrial and marine environments - Includes references for advanced readers - Includes a case study on the effect of microplastics in Thoothukudi, South India Audience Environmental science scholars and learners, general readers and decision makers involved in pollution control.

The convergence of nanotechnology with agriculture has transformed farming, while also impacting medicine, biotechnology and environmental science. Plant extracts isolated using new technologies have been used to successfully create new medicines for specific diseases.This book focuses on the eco-friendly synthesis of plant extracts. It provides information about multifunctional nanoparticles, and their versatile applications, including agriculture, food safety, and environmental remediation. The book aims to bridge the gap between nanotechnology and public perception, addressing concerns related to health and environmental impact.Themes within the book span across green synthesis techniques for noble metal nanoparticles, the crucial role of analytical methods in characterizing these "green nanomaterials," and the comprehensive examination of how nanoparticles interact with the human body. Furthermore, the intricate relationships between proteins and nanoparticles is highlighted to explain the physicochemical effects and toxicity of nanomaterials.Readers will learn about sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches for synthesizing nanoparticles, while getting a glimpse of the promising future of nanotechnology in agriculture and beyond.

This reference provides comprehensive insights on the harm inflicted by pests and diseases on leguminous crops. Internationally acclaimed authors provide succinct reviews on breeding and impact of biotic stress factors such as insect pests, microbial pathogens, spiders, and vertebrate pests in legumes like soybean, cowpea, and common bean. The book also contains detailed technical analysis of methods such as the PCR-based detection, next generation sequencing / marker-assisted selections, low cost lethal-non-lethal vertebrate pest control and mechanisms of climate/nutrient induced resistance. The unique feature of this book is its focus on the optimization and development of environmentally friendly methods for pest and disease control in leguminous crops. Other features include structured sections for easy reading and a list of references for advanced readers.Key themes: Biotic Stress and Plant Resistance Biotic Stress in Legumes (Cowpea and Soybean) Diagnostic and Control Methods for Microbial Plant Pathogens Viral Diseases of Legumes and Management: Vertebrate Pests in Legumes and Economic Implications Spiders in Legume Agroecosystems Climate-Driven Factors and Insect Pests of Legumes Sustainable Crop Nutrition for Biotic Stress Alleviation in Legumes Physiological Responses in Legumes to Combined Stress FactorsReadership Researchers and professionals in legume agriculture; scholars in the field of plant science and agriculture

Il testo offre una descrizione dei principali fenomeni fisici interpretandoli nellambito della Fisica Classica con lapproccio tipico della Fisica Sperimentale. Sono descritti qualitativamente e quantitativamente i fenomeni inquadrati nel campo della Meccanica, della Termodinamica, dellElettromagnetismo e dellOttica. Estendendo la trattazione alla crisi della Fisica Classica sono inoltre proposte la Relativita? Ristretta e una panoramica dei fenomeni allorigine della Teoria dei Quanti. Il livello del contenuto e? calibrato per i corsi introduttivi di Fisica per le Scuole di Ingegneria e di Scienze, collocandosi nel settore dei Corsi di Studi che richiedono una conoscenza abbastanza approfondita della materia. Il testo e? corredato di esempi esplicativi e richiede, per essere affrontato, una adeguata conoscenza del calcolo differenziale e integrale.

Naturally-derived biomaterials invite immense interest from diverse segments of science and engineering. Recent decades have witnessed a leap in knowledge and efforts in ongoing research with biomaterials as synthons, yet biomaterial research never fails to create surprises. This book summarizes modern knowledge of bioderived materials for beginners in research and advanced readers in materials science. The book lays the foundations of understanding the design and development of mimetic peptides and enzyme mimetic bioinorganic catalysts, including the toolsets used in the process. Next, the book demonstrates different approaches for obtaining task-specific designer hydrogels. Additional topics covered in the book are tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. From this point, the book presents information on complex biomaterials systems: bacterial cellulose, cell membrane architecture for nanocomposite material design, and whole cellular microorganisms. Chapters provide applied knowledge with information on the strategies used to design novel biomaterials for applications such as drug delivery, therapy and controlled chemical synthesis. In summary, this book brings together a wealth of information on bioderived materials with versatile applications, derived from different sources, such as plant derivatives and microorganisms (in part or whole as synthons), benefitting readers from multidisciplinary backgrounds. Readership Graduate students in materials science and biotechnology, industry professionals and early career researchers.

This reference is a comprehensive review of genome editing in bacteria. The multi-part book meticulously consolidates research findings and insights on the applications of bacteria across several industries, including food processing and pharmaceutical development. The book covers four overarching themes for readers: a historical perspective of genome editing, genome editing in probiotics, applications of genome editing in agricultural microbiology and genetic engineering in environmental microbiology. The editors have also compiled chapters that provide an in-depth analysis of gene regulation and metabolic engineering through genome editing tools for specific bacteria. Key topics in part 1: - An Overview of advances in CRISPR-CAS research - Applications of CRISPR/CAS9-based genome editing for industrial microorganisms - Gut microbiome modulation to address gut dysbiosis - Bifidobacterium genome editing for probiotic development and metabolic engineering. - Insights into the use of lactic acid bacteria as starter cultures in the food - Genome editing of vegetable-derived L. Plantarum - Genome editing in Bacillus Licheniformis Genome Editing in Bacteria is a definitive reference for scholars, researchers and industry professionals navigating the forefront of bacterial genomics. Readership Scholars and professionals interested in bacterial genomics.

This series provides information on the nature of dyes, their harmful effects, and dye degrading techniques. The first volume of this series presents a fundamental concept of dye degradation. The information on target-oriented dye mitigation is intended to give readers a better understanding of the dye degradation process to sustain a healthy environment. Chapters present referenced information and highlight novel breakthroughs in the industry. Key topics: Foundations of Dye Knowledge:Evaluating ToxicityNanotechnologyElectrochemistryCatalytic Materials and PhotocatalysisMicrobial BiodegradationThis book serves as a foundational resource for researchers and students in chemistry and chemical engineering courses. It also serves as a reference for industry professionals who work with chemical dyes (for example in textile and plastic industries) and are engaged in the critical field of environmental remediation. Readership Scholars in chemistry and chemical engineering; professionals in manufacturing industries and environmental sustainability. Series Intro This series provides information on the nature of dyes, their harmful effects, and dye degrading techniques. Each volume will bring a collection of edited topics on dye degradation. The goal of the series is to provide readers with detailed knowledge about dye degradation. The editors also aim to give a broad perspective on the role of dye remediation technologies in creating a sustainable environment.

Fundamentals of Cellular and Molecular Biology is a comprehensive textbook designed to explain the molecular mechanisms that underpin the functions and structures within living organisms. This resource focuses on improving the readers understanding and exploration of the cellular and molecular basis of life, emphasizing the latest research findings and technological advancements. The book is structured into 18 chapters that systematically cover topics ranging from the basic structural components of cells to the complex processes of gene expression, protein synthesis, and cell signaling. It offers a detailed examination of DNA replication, repair mechanisms, and the molecular basis of genetic diseases. Additionally, the book explains the application of molecular biology in biotechnology, medicine, and environmental science, as well as advanced topics like cloning, gene therapy, and molecular diagnostics. Key features- Clear explanations of complex concepts, bridging basic biology concepts with applied scientific fields- Uses real-world examples to illustrate scientific principles- Includes information on the latest research and technological breakthroughs.- Glossaries and references for each chapter- Facilitates learning with diagrams, flowcharts, and tables that summarize critical information, making complex subjects accessible. Fundamentals of Cellular and Molecular Biology is an essential resource for students in life science courses such as biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, and medicine. ReadershipStudents in life science courses such as biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, and medicine.

This handbook covers some primary instruments-based techniques used in modern biological science and medical research programs. Key features of the book include introductory notes for each topic, systematic presentation of relevant methods, troubleshooting guides for practical settings. Topics covered in the volume include:Mass spectrometry in proteomicsStructural elucidation of biological macromoleculesIsothermal titration calorimetryReverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) This book is a simple, useful handbook for students and teachers involved in graduate courses in life sciences and medicine. Readers will learn about the basics of featured techniques, the relevant applications and the established protocols.

This monograph focuses on the actions exerted by sex hormones, 17?-estradiol and testosterone, in skeletal muscle tissue. An important consideration of this volume is the fact that both estrogen receptors (ERs) and androgen receptors (ARs) are ubiquitously expressed and, as a result, steroid hormones affect growth and different cell functions in several organs. Moreover, ERs and ARs may have a non-classical pattern of intracellular localizations, raising complexity to the functional roles of estradiol and testosterone. Readers will find key information about the role of sex hormones in mitochondrial physiology and their relation with ageing, apoptosis, and sarcopenia. Chapters integrate important points with the latest information on the subject, including work of leading researchers studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the age-linked changes in muscle tissue while highlighting the role of satellite cells. Furthermore, the book presents a chapter about phytoestrogens (compounds which are structurally very similar to estrogen 17?-estradiol) and their selective action on sex steroid receptors (specifically, they have a higher affinity for ER? receptors than ER? receptors). The book is recommended reading for scientists and clinicians involved in the field of medical and health sciences as well as for scholarly readers (students of biochemistry and medicine) who are interested in the molecular mechanism of cellular apoptosis regulated by steroid hormones.

This handbook covers some primary instruments-based techniques used in modern biological science and medical research programs. Key features of the book include introductory notes for each topic, a systematic presentation of relevant methods, and troubleshooting guides for practical settings. Topics covered in part 2 include: · Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy · High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) · Raman spectroscopy · Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy · Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) · Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) · SEM-EDX and its applications in plant science This book is a simple, useful handbook for students and teachers involved in graduate courses in life sciences and medicine. Readers will learn about the basics of featured techniques, the relevant applications and the established protocols.

Reliability Calculations with the Stochastic Finite Element presents different methods of reliability analysis for systems. Chapters explain methods used to analyze a number of systems such as single component maintenance system, repairable series system, rigid rotor balance, spring mechanics, gearbox design and optimization, and nonlinear vibration. The author proposes several established and new methods to solve reliability problems which are based on fuzzy systems, sensitivity analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, HL-RF methods, differential equations, and stochastic finite element processing, to name a few. This handbook is a useful update on reliability analysis for mechanical engineers and technical apprentices.

For centuries, legumes have been used as pulses or grains serving as the most critical sources of major protein/oil-producing crops for both human and animal consumption, and for providing raw materials for industrial processing. They are highly valued as soil-building crops, improving soil quality through their beneficial involvement in biological nitrogen fixation, a symbiotic partnership with rhizobia. Advances in Legume Research: Physiological Responses and Genetic Improvement for Stress Resistance serves as a unique source of information on the distinct aspects of basic and applied legume research for general readers, students, academics, and researchers. The book gives several insights on the morphological, physiological, and genetic responses to stresses via 8 concise chapters covering all aspects of legume growth, utilization, and improvement. The included chapters present research findings and succinct reviews concerning the strides continuously made in the improvement of legumes against biotic and abiotic stress factors. This comprehensive new legume reference book disseminates key information pertaining to genetic diversity, conservation, cultivation, manipulation through mutagenic techniques, plant transformation, and other breeding technologies. The book, therefore, continues to build on the need to acquire new knowledge about legume crops and ways to improve their existing agricultural yield for a sustainable and secure food market.

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Dementia is a book series which presents comprehensive reviews about research on Dementia, - the loss of brain function associated with Alzheimers diseases and other related conditions. The disease affects the parts of the brain that deal with memory, thought, and language. Chapters in each volume focus on drug research with special emphasis on clinical trials, research on drugs in advanced stages of development and cure for dementia and related disorders. This volume includes the following reviews:- Meeting the Challenges of Falls and Hip Fractures in People with Alzheimers Disease- Cholesterol in Brain Health and Pathologies- Advances in Treatment of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Dementia- Analytical Methods in Alzheimers Disease Drug Discovery- Targeting Alzheimers Disease through Nanomedicine- Current Challenges in Alzheimers Disease Research- Metals Linked to Alzheimers Disease Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Dementia will be of particular interest to readers interested in drug therapy of this specific neurodegenerative condition and related brain disorders as the series provides relevant reviews written by experts in field.

Halogenated pyridines can be used as interesting starting materials in a wide range of organic synthesis methods. Substituted pyridine compounds are used generally as starting materials in the nucleophilic substitution reactions and have unique scaffolds for the construction of other heterocyclic and macrocyclic compounds. They also have important medicinal properties. Due to synthetic difficulties in the synthesis of the highly substituted pyridine derivatives from pyridine itself, perhalopyridines have a special importance in this regard. This book covers the synthetic reactions and applications of perhalopyridines. An introductory chapter introduces the reader to the physical and chemical properties of halopyridines, followed by 3 chapters which focus on pentafluoropyridine, pentachloropyridine and pentabromopyridine, respectively. The focused chapters provide information about synthetic methods and relevant nucleophilic reactions for each of the listed perhalopyridines and their derivatives. The book is a quick reference on perhalopyridines for students of applied chemistry, organic chemistry and chemical engineering.

The book presents a multidisciplinary analysis of the context of quantum physics experiments and the function of the human mind that makes it possible to demonstrate that an object-based model of reality formed at the level of the unconscious is the basis of our worldview. The consciousness experiences a time flow because of the specific features of perception in the form of a model with a sequential fixation of events. Together with the need to relate objects in terms of the model, this generates a space-time representation of the world around us. Acceptance of a mental character of our construct of reality allows for resolution of the problems in quantum physics and its paradoxes, thereby opening the way to an insight into reality. The presented material is organized in a specific order to facilitate the readers understanding. First, the fact that if there are no objects in the area of quantum mechanics, then they belong to the corresponding model rather than the reality is proved by case studies of the most discussed and relevant paradoxes of quantum physics. The authors consider a topological variant in constructing an object-based space that describes the physical properties of an object that are the most verified in science and describable with mathematical relations. The functionality of the proposed construct is tested by deriving the laws of conservation of energy and momentum in a relativistic form. The book is oriented towards experts in physics and psychology, advanced students, and readers interested in state-of-the-art science and the philosophy connected to it.

Environmental Microbiology: Advanced Research and Multidisciplinary Applications focus on the current research on microorganisms in the environment. Contributions in the volume cover several aspects of applied microbial research, basic research on microbial ecology and molecular genetics. The reader will find a collection of topics with theoretical and practical value, allowing them to connect environmental microbiology to a variety of subjects in life sciences, ecology, and environmental science topics. Advanced topics including biogeochemical cycling, microbial biosensors, bioremediation, application of microbial biofilms in bioremediation, application of microbial surfactants, microbes for mining and metallurgical operations, valorization of waste, and biodegradation of aromatic waste, microbial communication, nutrient cycling and biotransformation are also covered. The content is designed for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and environmental professionals, with a comprehensive and up-to-date discussion of environmental microbiology as a discipline that has greatly expanded in scope and interest over the past several decades.

Advanced Techniques of Analytical Chemistry explains analytical chemistry in an accessible manner for students. The book provides basic and practical knowledge that helps the learner to understand the methods used in conducting experiments. Readers will understand the key concepts of qualitative and quantitative analysis through easy-to-read chapters written for chemistry students.Volume 1 covers the topic of volumetric analysis in detail. Topic-wise chapters introduce the reader to volumetric titrations and then explain the range of titration techniques which include aqueous acid-base titration, non-aqueous titration, redox titration, complexometric titration and some miscellaneous methods like diazotisation titration, Kjeldahls method and the oxygen flask combustion method.The combination of basic and advanced methods makes this an ideal textbook for chemistry students at graduate and undergraduate levels as well as an ideal handbook for the laboratory instructor.

Banana farming is the basis for commercial fruit trading. Every banana plant generates waste biomass nearly ten times the quantity of its fruits. Disposal of waste biomass is a burden for the farmers. Economical use of the waste biomass can bring financial benefit to banana farmers. Use of organic potash in lieu of inorganic potash affords higher yield and also helps to preserve the ecosphere of soil for subsequent crops. Agricultural Benefits of Postharvest Banana Plants details the use of postharvest banana plants for agriculture and trade. Eleven chapters explain both traditional and modern uses of banana plants. The reader is informed how bio-waste from postharvest banana plants (including their stems) can be used as organic potash to replace inorganic potash (muriate of potash) in fertilizer. Experimental uses of banana plant pseudo-stem juice for growing different crops along with chemical analysis of the pseudo-stems are explained in separate chapters. Isolations of potassium chloride and potassium carbonate have also been discussed in the latter part of the book. This book is an ideal handbook for professionals and trainees interested in utilizing postharvest banana plants for sustainable agriculture and trade. The information is also useful for students and teachers involved in agricultural biotechnology and traditional agriculture courses.

Chemical Fingerprints of Medicinal Plant- HPTLC Profiling gives an overview of the use of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) for profiling medicinal herbs. Starting with an introduction to HPTLC the book guides the reader through HPTLC instrumentation and laboratory application. Additional notes on the stationary HPTLC phases and hyphenating HTPLC with other analytical techniques are also provided. The book concludes with an exhaustive list of HPTLC fingerprints of many herbs that can be used in medicinal preparations. The book outlines a scientific approach to the identification and selection of herbs for preparing traditional medications. By reading this book, learners will be able to 1) understand the basics of HPTLC, 2) learn how to use the instruments for lab analysis and 3) quickly identify chemical fingerprints of important medicinal herbs. Key Features - A concise overview of HPTLC and associated techniques - A Step-by-step guide to performing HPTLC analysis - Full color illustrations - An exhaustive list of HPTLC fingerprints for 108 medicinal plants, with botanical names - An appendix of TLC solvent systems and reagents for different phytochemical compounds and secondary metabolites - Simple language for easy understanding - Detailed bibliography Chemical Fingerprints of Medicinal Plant- HPTLC Profiling is an essential handbook for scholars in analytical chemistry, plant science and traditional medicine who want to understand the application of HPTLC techniques for research and development in phytomedicine. Readership Scholars in analytical chemistry, plant science and traditional medicine who want to understand the application of HPTLC techniques in phytomedicinal research and development.