John Stuart Mill

Este tratado de filosofía moral, que ocupa un lugar clave dentro de la obra de John Stuart Mill (1806-1873), contiene tanto enunciados de hecho como valoraciones implícitas respecto al mundo, la humanidad y la felicidad. El merito de Mill -señala Esperanza Guisan- radica en que supo combinar inteligentemente los datos que le ofrecia la experiencia para formular, proponer e imaginar un mundo que resultase mas deseable y una convivencia que pareciese mas satisfactoria y mas gozosa. El utilitarismo muestra, por un lado, que el logro de la felicidad humana implica la puesta en marcha de una serie de resortes morales, y por otro, que el ideal de la maxima felicidad del mayor numero constituye el criterio mismo de la moralidad. Completa el volumen Un sistema de la logica, que esboza de manera clara los supuestos metaeticos de Mill.Prologo y traduccion de Esperanza GuisanEste tratado de filosofía moral, que ocupa un lugar clave dentro de la obra de John Stuart Mill (1806-1873), contiene tanto enunciados de hecho como valoraciones implícitas respecto al mundo, la humanidad y la felicidad. El merito de Mill -señala Esperanza Guisan- radica en que supo combinar inteligentemente los datos que le ofrecia la experiencia para formular, proponer e imaginar un mundo que resultase mas deseable y una convivencia que pareciese mas satisfactoria y mas gozosa. El utilitarismo muestra, por un lado, que el logro de la felicidad humana implica la puesta en marcha de una serie de resortes morales, y por otro, que el ideal de la maxima felicidad del mayor numero constituye el criterio mismo de la moralidad. Completa el volumen Un sistema de la logica, que esboza de manera clara los supuestos metaeticos de Mill.Prologo y traduccion de Esperanza Guisan

La filosofía de Stuart Mill (1806-1873) representa una de las defensas más fuertes del liberalismo fundado en una ética teleológica. Siguiendo la teoría del utilitarismo, para Mill la libertad no es un principio ultimo y absoluto, por lo que no se basa ni en el contrato social ni en los derechos naturales, sino que ha de ser considerada segun sus consecuencias sobre la felicidad de los individuos y de la sociedad. El proposito de Sobre la Libertad es la formulacion del principio que ha de regular las relaciones entre la sociedad y el individuo con el fin de evitar el despotismo sobre los individuos y las minorias. La limitacion de la libertad individual solo esta justificada cuando haya que proteger al genero humano y haya que evitar que se perjudique a los demas y nunca porque se piense que sirve para el propio bien del individuo pues este, en lo que a el se refiere, es soberano segun la tradicion ilustrada europea.

La obra de John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) El sometimiento de lasmujeres es un clásico de la teoría feminista y del pensamientosocial y político.Publicada en 1869, tuvo gran infl uencia en el desarrollo y laconsolidacion del movimiento feminista del siglo XIX. Su exito seexplica por haber logrado identifi car la ideologia de la naturalezafemenina, en concreto el discurso de la ideologia diferente ycomplementaria de los sexos, como el enemigo principal de losderechos de las mujeres. En este sentido, El sometimiento de lasmujeres desarrolla un completo y sistematico conjunto deargumentos destinados a desarticular dicha ideologia.En esta edicion, prologada por Emilia Pardo Bazan, se ofrece unamagnifi ca introduccion a cargo de Ana de Miguel, miembro delseminario permanente Feminismo e Ilustracion, dirigido por CeliaAmoros, con quien ha coordinado durante años el curso de laHistoria de la Teoria Feminista y acaban de editar juntas la obracolectiva, Teoria feminista. De la Ilustracion a la globalizacion.

Firme alegato contra la sociedad patriarcal tradicional, "El sometimiento de la mujer" es uno de los textos que sentaron las bases de la emancipación de la mujer y su incorporación a la sociedad civil en pie de igualdad con el varon, y que habria de ver sus mayores logros (cuando menos sobre el papel) en el siglo XX. Compuesto por John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) entre 1860 y 1861 con la participacion de su hijastra Helen Taylor, decidida activista a favor del sufragio femenino y de los derechos de la mujer, lo que da a este ensayo su valor de universalidad y permanencia es la profunda elaboracion que en el se lleva a cabo sobre un repertorio relativamente reducido de ideas basicas respecto al sometimiento (y liberacion) de la mujer, pero tambien la vigencia de sus recomendaciones, aun aplicables entre grupos humanos dentro de sociedades no desarrolladas asi como en amplios ambitos de convivencia del mundo socializado.Traduccion e introduccion de Carlos MellizoFirme alegato contra la sociedad patriarcal tradicional, "El sometimiento de la mujer" es uno de los textos que sentaron las bases de la emancipación de la mujer y su incorporación a la sociedad civil en pie de igualdad con el varon, y que habria de ver sus mayores logros (cuando menos sobre el papel) en el siglo XX. Compuesto por John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) entre 1860 y 1861 con la participacion de su hijastra Helen Taylor, decidida activista a favor del sufragio femenino y de los derechos de la mujer, lo que da a este ensayo su valor de universalidad y permanencia es la profunda elaboracion que en el se lleva a cabo sobre un repertorio relativamente reducido de ideas basicas respecto al sometimiento (y liberacion) de la mujer, pero tambien la vigencia de sus recomendaciones, aun aplicables entre grupos humanos dentro de sociedades no desarrolladas asi como en amplios ambitos de convivencia del mundo socializado.Traduccion e introduccion de Carlos Mellizo

On Liberty John Stuart Mill - Published in 1859, John Stuart Mills On Liberty presented one of the most eloquent defenses of individual freedom in nineteenth-century social and political philosophy and is today perhaps the most widely-read liberal argument in support of the value of liberty. Mills passionate advocacy of spontaneity, individuality, and diversity, along with his contempt for compulsory uniformity and the despotism of popular opinion, has attracted both admiration and condemnation.

En este ensayo, escrito en 1859, nos habla Millde la libertad, pero no en un sentido ético, sino,tal y como él dice, «de la libertad social o civil»,es decir, nos desgrana la naturaleza y los límites

Utilitarianism by John Stuart Mill is a classic exposition and defence of utilitarianism in ethics. The essay first appeared as a series of three articles published in Frasers Magazine in 1861 (vol. 64, p. 391406, 525534, 659673); the articles were collected and reprinted as a single book in 1863.Mills aim in the book is to explain what utilitarianism is, to show why it is the best theory of ethics, and to defend it against a wide range of criticisms and misunderstandings.Though heavily criticized both in Mills lifetime and in the years since, Utilitarianism did a great deal to popularize utilitarian ethics and has been considered "the most influential philosophical articulation of a liberal humanistic morality that was produced in the nineteenth century.Mill took many elements of his version of utilitarianism from Jeremy Bentham, the great nineteenth-century legal reformer, who along with William Paley were the two most influential English utilitarians prior to Mill. Like Bentham, Mill believed that happiness (or pleasure, which both Bentham and Mill equated with happiness) was the only thing humans do and should desire for its own sake.Since happiness is the only intrinsic good, and since more happiness is preferable to less, the goal of the ethical life is to maximize happiness.

Dans Folioplus philosophie, le texte philosophique, associé à une œuvre d''art qui l''éclaire et le questionne, est suivi d''un dossier organisé en six points : – Les mots du texte : Liberté de discu

A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive John Stuart Mill - It is so much the established practice of writers on logic to commence their treatises by a few general observations (in most cases, it is true, rather meagre) on Terms and their varieties, that it will, perhaps, scarcely be required from me in merely following the common usage, to be as particular in assigning my reasons, as it is usually expected that those should be who deviate from it. The practice, indeed, is recommended by considerations far too obvious to require a formal justification. Logic is a portion of the Art of Thinking: Language is evidently, and by the admission of all philosophers, one of the principal instruments or helps of thought; and any imperfection in the instrument, or in the mode of employing it, is confessedly liable, still more than in almost any other art, to confuse and impede the process, and destroy all ground of confidence in the result. For a mind not previously versed in the meaning and right use of the various kinds of words, to attempt the study of methods of philosophizing, would be as if some one should attempt to become an astronomical observer, having never learned to adjust the focal distance of his optical instruments so as to see distinctly. Since Reasoning, or Inference, the principal subject of logic, is an operation which usually takes place by means of words, and in complicated cases can take place in no other way; those who have not a thorough insight into the signification and purposes of words, will be under chances, amounting almost to certainty, of reasoning or inferring incorrectly. And logicians have generally felt that unless, in the very first stage, they removed this source of error; unless they taught thei pupil to put away the glasses which distort the object, and to use those which are adapted to his purpose in such a manner as to assist, not perplex, his vision; he would not be in a condition to practise the remaining part of their discipline with any prospect of advantage. Therefore it is that an inquiry into language, so far as is needful to guard against the errors to which it gives rise, has at all times been deemed a necessary preliminary to the study of logic. But there is another reason, of a still more fundamental nature, why the import of words should be the earliest subject of the logicians consideration: because without it he cannot examine into the import of Propositions. Now this is a subject which stands on the very threshold of the science of logic. The object of logic, as defined in the Introductory Chapter, is to ascertain how we come by that portion of our knowledge (much the greatest portion) which is not intuitive: and by what criterion we can, in matters not self-evident, distinguish between things proved and things not proved, between what is worthy and what is unworthy of belief. Of the various questions which present themselves to our inquiring faculties, some receive an answer from direct consciousness, others, if resolved at all, can only be resolved by means of evidence. Logic is concerned with these last. But before inquiring into the mode of resolving questions, it is necessary to inquire what are those which offer themselves; what questions are conceivable; what inquiries are there, to which mankind have either obtained, or been able to imagine it possible that they should obtain, an answer. This point is best ascertained by a survey and analysis of Propositions.

Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill - Utilitarianism is a family of normative ethical theories that prescribe actions that maximize happiness and well-being for all affected individuals. Although different varieties of utilitarianism admit different characterizations, the basic idea behind all of them is to in some sense maximize utility, which is often defined in terms of well-being or related concepts. For instance, Jeremy Bentham, the founder of utilitarianism, described utility as "that property in any object, whereby it tends to produce benefit, advantage, pleasure, good, or happiness...[or] to prevent the happening of mischief, pain, evil, or unhappiness to the party whose interest is considered."Utilitarianism is a version of consequentialism, which states that the consequences of any action are the only standard of right and wrong. Unlike other forms of consequentialism, such as egoism and altruism, utilitarianism considers the interests of all humans equally. Proponents of utilitarianism have disagreed on a number of points, such as whether actions should be chosen based on their likely results (act utilitarianism), or whether agents should conform to rules that maximize utility (rule utilitarianism). There is also disagreement as to whether total (total utilitarianism), average (average utilitarianism) or minimum utility should be maximized.Though the seeds of the theory can be found in the hedonists Aristippus and Epicurus, who viewed happiness as the only good, and in the work of the medieval Indian philosopher ntideva, the tradition of modern utilitarianism began with Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), and continued with such philosophers as John Stuart Mill, Henry Sidgwick, R. M. Hare, and Peter Singer. The concept has been applied towards social welfare economics, the dropping of the atomic bombs in World War 2, the crisis of global poverty, the ethics of raising animals for food, and the importance of avoiding existential risks to humanity.

“[...] En la Inglaterra de su tiempo, y aunque algunos participaron con entusiasmo de sus preferencias, Mill tuvo mucho de excepción y fue, por encima de cualquier otra cosa, eso que hoy llamamos un

John Stuart Mill - Escrito en plena época del conservadurismo victoriano inglés, la obra muestra que la lucha por la igualdad de la mujer viene desde muy atrás. Sin embargo, hoy es un libro casi olvidado a pesar de que este sea un tema de maxima actualidad y debate en la sociedad española que merece ser difundido y, ademas, en la magnifica traduccion y con el prologo de Emilia Pardo Bazan.

The Subjection of Women fue escrito en 1869 por John Stuart Mill y su esposa Harriet Taylor Mill, donde se defienden argumentos a favor de la igualdad entre los sexos. En el momento de su publicación constituyo una afrenta a las normas europeas convencionales sobre el papel de los hombres y de las mujeres, asi como de su posicion en la sociedad.

On Liberty by John Stuart Mill On Liberty is a philosophical essay by the English philosopher John Stuart Mill. Published in 1859, it applies Mills ethical system of utilitarianism to society and state.Mill suggests standards for the relationship between authority and liberty. He emphasizes the importance of individuality, which he considers prerequisite to the higher pleasuresthe summum bonum of utilitarianism. Furthermore, Mill asserts that democratic ideals may result in the tyranny of the majority. Among the standards proposed are Mills three basic liberties of individuals, his three legitimate objections to government intervention, and his two maxims regarding the relationship of the individual to society.On Liberty was a greatly influential and well-received work. Some classical liberals and libertarians have criticized it for its apparent discontinuity[specify] with Utilitarianism, and vagueness in defining the arena within which individuals can contest government infringements on their personal freedom of action.The ideas presented in On Liberty have remained the basis of much political thought. It has remained in print since its initial publication. A copy of On Liberty is passed to the president of the British Liberal Democrats as a symbol of office.

Filosofo ed economista tra i piu influenti nel 19 sec., Stuart Mill e ricordato anche per essere lautore del primo lavoro femminista scritto da un uomo.Coerente con la sua visione liberale della vita si batte per la liberta di coscienza, pensiero ed espressione; era per la liberta di associazione; infine era un strenuo difensore della liberta di perseguire la felicita. Non stupisce quindi che scrivendo questa opera fondamentale, rivendicasse la parita dei sessi nel diritto di famiglia e si dischiaro a favore del suffragio universale, allora vietato alle donne. La liberta di voto avrebbe contribuito alla fine di ogni residuo di schiavitu legale esistente, permettendo alle donne di essere considerate alla pari degli uomini.Presentiamo il volume con una prefazione e la traduzione di Anna Maria Mozzoni, pioniera dei diritti civili delle donne in Italia e grande conoscitrice del pensiero di Stuart Mill.

In "Considerations on Representative Government," John Stuart Mill presents a rigorous analysis of democratic structures and the principles underlying representative governance. Written during the mid-19th century, a time of burgeoning political reform, Mill employs a clear yet sophisticated prose style that synthesizes empirical observations with philosophical inquiry. He delineates the criteria for an effective government, examines the role of public opinion, and discusses the balance between liberty and authority, thus situating his arguments within the context of the Enlightenments emphasis on rational discourse and individual rights. John Stuart Mill, a prominent philosopher and political economist, was deeply influenced by the liberal ideals of his father, James Mill, and the utilitarian principles of Jeremy Bentham. Educated in a rigorous intellectual environment, Mills experiences with political activism, particularly his advocacy for womens suffrage and social reform, provided him with the practical insights needed to explore the complexities of governance in his work. His personal commitment to fostering a just society is evident throughout the text, providing a philosophical foundation for many modern democratic systems. This book is highly recommended for scholars, students, and anyone interested in the foundations of democratic theory. Mills nuanced arguments remain relevant today, making it essential reading for those seeking to understand the challenges and benefits of representative government.

In "A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive," John Stuart Mill presents a methodical exploration of the principles of logical reasoning and the foundations of scientific inquiry. Mill employs a clear and analytical literary style, merging empirical observation with inductive reasoning, a departure from the strictly deductive methods of his predecessors. His work not only seeks to establish a formal framework for scientific methodology but also serves as a pivotal text in the broader context of 19th-century philosophy, reflecting the intellectual currents of utilitarian thought and the burgeoning fields of sociology and economics. Mills elaborate treatment of informal logic and his emphasis on the interdependence of observation and theory are particularly notable as they anticipate later discussions in philosophy of science. John Stuart Mill, a prominent philosopher, political economist, and civil servant, was deeply influenced by the intellectual environment of his time. As a proponent of utilitarianism and a critic of dogmatic reasoning, Mills desire to refine the processes of logical inference can be traced to his personal experiences, including his upbringing in a rigorous philosophical household and advocacy for social reform. His commitment to advancing human knowledge and addressing societal issues inspired him to synthesize and articulate a comprehensive logic system. Mills "A System of Logic" is an essential read for anyone interested in the critique of knowledge and the art of reasoning. This text is invaluable for students of philosophy, science, and social studies, revealing the intricate mechanisms behind sound reasoning and methodological rigor. By engaging with Mills arguments, readers will not only enhance their critical thinking skills but also gain insights into the foundational ideas that have shaped modern thought.

Publicat el 1859, aquest és un dels textos fundacionals del liberalisme modern i un clàssic del pensament polític. D'una manera brillant i entenedora, el flòsof i economista anglès John Stuart Mill r

The Subjection of Women John Stuart Mill - John Stuart Mill wrote the revolutionary essay The Subjection of Women with notes that it was strongly influenced by his wife, Harriet Taylor Mill. Modern scholars have questioned the legacy that husband constructed for wife in which he has been accused of making exorbitant claims about her intelligence and influence. Despite that revisionist approach, however, The Subjection of Women strongly resembles in both content and character an essay titled The Enfranchisement of Women published by Harriet in 1851. In that essay, she argued in favor of a utilitarian approach to equality which asserted the presence of hostility toward women kept them subjugated at all levels of society. The Subjection of Women was published by in 1869.The Subjection of Women is notable for situating John Stuart Mill at the forefront of the developing notion of a feminist movement. Not exactly called that, those who were daring enough to suggest that women could be the intellectual equal of men were viewed as profoundly radical in their thinking at best and dangerously delusional at worst.Over the course of four chapters, Mill carefully delineates his argument for an innate equality existing between the sexes and then goes on to suggest that this innate equality is being stifled by denial of access to education. Mill also calls on reform to change existing social structures. Overlaying all this a fundamental appeal to the simple morality of the issue. Indeed, Mill makes an caustic appeal to intellectual evil of the immorality of subjugating women as second class citizens due the prejudicial limitations of birth and birth alone.It is within the realm of morality that Mills essay take attains level of truly revolutionary literature. While raising irrefutable scientific points, the appeal cuts most deeply in his assertion that subjection of women is a systemic choice based on scientific ignorance, but also willful disregard of empirical evidence.