Libros de Física, página 5 de 352

Atomic correlations have been studied in physics for over 50 years and known as collective effects until recently when they came to be recognized as a source of entanglement. This is the first book that contains detailed and comprehensive analysis of two currently extensively studied subjects of atomic and quantum physics-atomic correlations and their relations to entanglement between atoms or atomic systems-along with the newest developments in these fields. This book assembles accounts of many phenomena related to or resulting from atomic correlations. The essential language of the book is in terms of density matrices and master equations that provide detailed theoretical treatments and experimental analysis of phenomena such as entanglement between atoms, spontaneously or externally induced atomic coherence, engineering of atomic correlations, storage and controlled transfer of correlations, and dynamics of correlated systems.

This book focuses on applications for offshore platforms and piping; wind-induced vibration of buildings, bridges, and towers; and acoustic and mechanical vibration of heat exchangers, power lines, and process ducting.Numerous examples drive home the reality of the practical problems encountered here. More than 200 figures and 20 tables complement the text by providing such data as damping factors, lift coefficients, and the formulas needed to apply practical methods directly to a wide range of structures, from heat exchangers to hypersonic aircraft.Devoted to the analysis and prediction of flow-induced vibrations, this volume will prove of immense interest to mechanical, civil, nuclear, marine, structural, and electrical engineers; physicists, designers, and naval architects; and people working in the construction and petroleum industries, power plants, power transmission, ship building, nuclear power, energy production, and defense engineering.

Université de París, Francia

Lightning: Physics and Effects is the first book that covers essentially all aspects of lightning, including lightning physics, lightning protection and the interaction of lightning with a variety of objects and systems as well as with the environment. It is written in a style that will be accessible to the technical non-expert and is addressed to anyone interested in lightning and its effects. This will include physicists, engineers working in the power, communications, computer and aviation industries, meteorologists, atmospheric chemists, foresters, ecologists, physicians working in the area of electrical trauma and architects. This comprehensive reference volume contains over 300 illustrations, 70 tables containing quantitative information and a bibliography of more than 6000 references.

This book provides an in-depth analysis of tropical cyclones in the South Pacific, discussing both the characteristics and behaviors of tropical cyclones, and the impacts these storms have on island physical geography and landscape change. The second half of the book presents a whole field of important, new insight. A thorough examination of the links between climate and landscape are analyzed through detailed case studies based on 10 years of original research showing the importance of tropical cyclones for island physical environments, by triggering enormous responses in example river systems, slope processes, coastlines, and even island formation and/or destruction. A focus on the Pacific and the Pacific Islands cyclones is vital since a major area for research in climate change and climate extremes is located within this region. The South Pacific is one of the most important areas and factors of El Nino. It is the center of attention for climate change issues, such as ocean warming and sea level rise. As such, this book is an important and valuable addition to the existing literature on climate change.

Sensors are effective tools used to carry out cost-effective, fast, and reliable sensing for a wide range of applications. This volume presents a brief history behind sensing technology and highlights a broad range of biosensing techniques based on optical and electrochemical response methods. Starting from the traditional enzyme-based biosensing method to functionalized nanostructure-based sensors, this book also provides a detailed overview of some of the advanced sensing methodologies based on photonic crystal cavity-based sensing devices.

This book provides a pedagogical introduction to the perturbative and non-perturbative aspects of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Introducing the basic theory and recent advances in QCD, it also reviews the historical development of the subject, covering pre-QCD ideas of strong interactions such as the quark and parton models, the notion of colours and the S-matrix approach. The author then discusses gauge theory, techniques of dimensional regularization and renormalization, deep inelastic scattering and hard processes in hadron collisions, hadron jets and e+e annihilations. Other topics include power corrections and the technologies of the Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov operating product expansion. The final parts of the book are devoted to modern non-perturbative approaches to QCD and the phenomenological aspects of QCD spectral sum rules. The book will be a valuable reference for graduate students and researchers in high-energy particle and nuclear physics, both theoretical and experimental.

¿Como seria caer dentro de un agujero negro? ¿En que se parecen bailar un vals y contemplar una dualidad de cuerdas?La teoria de cuerdas trata de describir todas las fuerzas fundamentales de la naturaleza, hermanando conceptos tales como la gravedad y la mecanica cuantica en una sola teoria que, de momento, no esta aun probada. Rodeada de misterio y controversia, la teoria de cuerdas se vuelve menos opaca bajo la mirada de Steven S. Gubser, que nos la presenta de forma amena y entretenida.

Si hay algun fenomeno de la Fisica y la Astronomia que intriga y fascina al hombre, este es el de los agujeros negros, y fue Albert Einstein, cuando hace mas de cien anos elaboro la Teoria de la Relatividad, el primer cientifico que predijo su existencia como solucion a sus ecuaciones. Steven S. Gubser y Frans Pretorius arrojan luz sobre uno de los mayores misterios del universo a traves de ejemplos creativos y accesibles.

This is the first book devoted entirely to Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which is a non-specific algorithm, similar to evolutionary algorithms, such as taboo search and ant colonies.Since its original development in 1995, PSO has mainly been applied to continuous-discrete heterogeneous strongly non-linear numerical optimization, and it is thus used almost everywhere in the world. Its convergence rate also makes it a preferred tool in dynamic optimization.Particle Swarm Optimization explains the basic principles of the subject, particularly the concepts of particles, information link, memory and cooperation. Starting from a simple but efficient parametric version coded in a few lines, it shows how this can be gradually enhanced to lead to a fully adaptive version. All source programs are either included in the book or are downloadable for free.

This new edition of the unrivalled textbook introduces concepts such as the quantum theory of scattering by a potential, special and general cases of adding angular momenta, time-independent and time-dependent perturbation theory, and systems of identical particles. The entire book has been revised to take into account new developments in quantum mechanics curricula. The textbook retains its typical style also in the new edition: it explains the fundamental concepts in chapters which are elaborated in accompanying complements that provide more detailed discussions, examples and applications. * The quantum mechanics classic in a new edition: written by 1997 Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his colleagues Bernard Diu and Franck Laloe * As easily comprehensible as possible: all steps of the physical background and its mathematical representation are spelled out explicitly * Comprehensive: in addition to the fundamentals themselves, the book contains more than 170 worked examples plus exercises Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris where he also studied and received his PhD in 1962. In 1973 he became Professor of atomic and molecular physics at the College des France. His main research interests were optical pumping, quantum optics and atom-photon interactions. In 1997, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Bernard Diu was Professor at the Denis Diderot University (Paris VII). He was engaged in research at the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and High Energy where his focus was on strong interactions physics and statistical mechanics. Franck Laloe was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris. His first assignment was with the University of Paris VI before he was appointed to the CNRS, the French National Research Center. His research was focused on optical pumping, statistical mechanics of quantum gases, musical acoustics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.

The goal of Essential College Physics is to provide a book focused on essential principles—a shorter, more focused book that better addresses the learning needs of today's readers while more effectively guiding them through the mastery of physics. Brevity does not need to come at the expense of reader learning. This book is designed from the ground up to be concise and focused, resulting in a book less intimidating and easier to use, with well-coordinated explanations, art, worked examples, and end-of-chapter problems. It incorporates an overarching connected approach: connecting ideas within and across chapters; connecting physics with the real world; connecting words and math; and connecting with how today's readers learn and how they use their book. In addition to providing a strong foundation that teaches physics principles, the book also focuses on building readers' problem-solving skills. The friendly, integrated approach, combined with the low price, makes Essential College Physics an invaluable book choice. Key Topics: Measurements in Physics, Motion in One Dimension, Motion in Two Dimensions, Force and Newton's Laws of Motion, Work and Energy, Momentum and Collisions, Oscillations, Rotational Motion, Gravitation, Solids and Fluids, Waves and Sound, Temperature, Thermal Expansion, and Ideal Gases, Heat, The Laws of Thermodynamics, Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields, Electric Energy, Potential, and Capacitors, Electric Current, Resistance, and Circuits, Magnetic Fields and Forces, Electromagnetic Induction and AC Circuits, Electromagnetic Waves and Special Relativity, Geometrical Optics, Wave Optics, Early Modern Physics, Atomic Physics, Nuclear Physics, Elementary Particles Market: Intended for those interested in learning the basics of college physics

At Les Houches in January 2015, experts in the field of charged particle trapping came together for the Second Winter School on Physics with Trapped Charged Particles. This textbook collates the lectures delivered there, covering the fundamental physics of particle traps and the different types of applications of these devices.Taken as a whole, the book gives an overview of why traps for charged particles are important, how they work, their special features and limitations, and their application in areas such as precision measurements, mass spectrometry, optical clocks, plasma physics, antihydrogen creation, quantum simulation and quantum information processing. Chapters from various world experts include those on the basic properties of Penning traps and RF traps, as well as those covering important practical aspects such as vacuum systems, detection techniques, and different types of particle cooling, including laser cooling.Each individual chapter provides information and guidance on the application of the above methods.Additionally, each chapter is complemented by fully worked problems and solutions, making Trapped Charged Particles perfect for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students new to this topic

This book presents the theory of quantum effects used in metrology and results of the author's own research in the field of quantum electronics. The book provides also quantum measurement standards used in many branches of metrology for electrical quantities, mass, length, time and frequency. This book represents the first comprehensive survey of quantum metrology problems. As a scientific survey, it propagates a new approach to metrology with more emphasis on its connection with physics. This is of importance for the constantly developing technologies and nanotechnologies in particular. Providing a presentation of practical applications of the effects used in quantum metrology for the construction of quantum standards and sensitive electronic components, the book is useful for a wide audience of physicists and metrologists in the broad sense of both terms. In 2014 a new system of units, the so called Quantum SI, is introduced. This book helps to understand and approve the new system to both technology and academic community.