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The X- and XE-Class submarines were conceived during the Second World War: around 51ft (16m) long, they were designed to be towed by a mother submarine and use their small size to complete stealth missions, such as attacking harbours and performing reconnaissance. Although they would not begin active service until 1942, the submarine crews achieved quite the record, racking up 167 honours between them, including four Victoria Crosses.Written by ex-submariner Keith Hall, X3 to X54 is a look at the entire life and evolution of the British midget submarine, from its early prototypes to its final journeys. With a wealth of imagery, including archive X-craft photographs as well as up-to-date views of the X51 (HMS Stickleback) from the Scottish Submarine Centre, this is the fascinating, yet little-known, story of Britains midget submarines.

Tem-se um estudo teórico e empírico que constata que o sistema orçamentário no contexto constitucional e infraconstitucional é suficiente para se desenvolver um planejamento financeiro responsável em seu desenho abstrato, mas ainda e utilizado de forma ineficiente. A pesquisa investiga, com metodologia de abordagem de estudo de caso e procedimentos de analise qualitativas e quantitativas, se o PPA 2016-2019 do Estado de Goias pode ser considerado instrumento de planejamento eficaz no controle da execuço de politicas publicas, analise feita entrelaçando as nuances das LDOs e LOAs do mesmo periodo. Ainda demonstra como esta o controle de politicas publicas no cenario nacional, especialmente por parte dos Tribunais de Contas, momento que certifica a sua contribuiço para a consolidaço do Estado Democratico de Direito. Verifica o panorama do controle de politicas publicas por parte do TCE-GO, no mesmo espaço temporal, em relaço aos programas do PPA objeto do caso. Diante do cenario detectado, prope-se, com base na boa governança no setor publico, painel de "Acompanhamento Sistematico do PPA Vigente", funcionando de forma sistematica, fornecendo dados que possibilitem direcionamentos para açes de controle com areas de maior risco, gerando maior valor para a sociedade na garantia de direitos fundamentais.

A emergência de um mundo global tecnológico e sua disseminação acelerada dá origem a mudanças ambientais significativas e cada vez mais evidentes que desafiam a compreensão do processo econômico exis

A Câmara Municipal de Curitiba (CMC) é a sede do Poder Legislativo local do Município de Curitiba, Estado do Paraná, Brasil. A CMC foi fundada em 1693, mas somente em 1947 - quase 300 anos depois, oc

Qual o maior desafio geopolítico do Séc. 21? Essa pergunta ambiciosa é respondida pelo Dr. Cezar Roedel, em Conjunturas Internacionais, primeiro eBook brasileiro sobre cenários geopolíticos, com bônu

O objeto do presente estudo consistiu na análise da relação do Poder Executivo com o Poder Legislativo no que tange às vias legislativas, Medida Provisória e Projeto de Lei, e o agendamento de políti

Por meio do olhar de uma agente de estado (oficiala de justiça), militante social (apoiadora) e pesquisadora (antropóloga), este livro propõe discutir as ações do estado-capital e as diversas faces d

September 1940: In the midst of the Second World War, The Luftwaffe unleashed a series of devastating raids on Southampton, all but destroying its Spitfire factories.But production didnt stop. Instead, manufacturing of this iconic fighter moved underground, to secret locations staffed by women, children and non-combatant men. With little engineering experience between them, they built a fleet of one of the greatest war planes that has ever existed.This is their story.

At a time when global politics is being reshaped, the accountability of those we put in power has never been more vital. In Making Up the Numbers, Dan Boyle, former chairman of the Green Party, applies his first-hand experience of non-traditional politics in Ireland to assess the role of minor parties in government and in coalition. This book is an essential contribution to our understanding of the others vote in Irish politics.

Covering the lives and achievements of five English intelligence officers involved in wars at home and abroad between 1870 and 1918, this exceptionally researched book offers an insight into spying in the age of Victoria. Including material from little-known sources such as memoirs, old biographies and information from M15 and the police history archives, this book is a more detailed sequel to Wades earlier work, Spies in the Empire. The book examines the social and political context of Victorian spying and the role of intelligence in the Anglo-Boer wars as well as case studies on five intriguing characters: William Melville, Sir John Ardagh, Reginald Wingate and Rudolf Slatin, and William Robertson. Responding to a dearth of books covering this topic, Wade both presents fascinating biographies of some of the most significant figures in the history of intelligence as well as a snapshot of a time in which the experts and amateurs who would eventually become M15 struggled against bias, denigration and confusion.

Partindo de uma longa experiencia de ensino, Gianfranco Pasquino, sempre atento a dimenso comparativa, com frequentes e importantes referencias a Portugal, ilustra as categorias de base da Ciencia Politica e descreve as modalidades de funcionamento e os diversos modos de transformaço dos sistemas politicos. O seu Curso de Ciencia Politica e animado pela preocupaço constante de transmitir uma viso que evite a banalizaço dos fenomenos politicos, pelo que os apresenta sempre, apesar da grande complexidade que lhes e propria, com grande clareza e acompanhados de valiosas informaçes e avaliaçes criticas ponderadas. Esta segunda ediço em lingua portuguesa foi traduzida da quarta ediço italiana (2009), que acrescenta um importante capitulo sobre Metodos de Analise, mantendo os objectivos de fundo iniciais e constantes em toda a obra: fornecer ao estudante as noçes fundamentais da disciplina, com rigor e metodo pedagogico, sem procurar a originalidade a todo o custo.

Operating in all weathers, invariably at night, often at low level and usually without fighter escort, Allied Special Duties (SD) squadrons and units played a vital role in the Second World War. By their very nature, these operations went unreported in wartime and for considerable time thereafter, but their importance in prosecuting the war of resistance in Occupied Europe was immense.Emerging from a time of rudimentary communications and transport, dedicated air units had been established by 1939 to fly agents into enemy territory, but their aircraft were hand-me-downs and the SD was considered a poor third to fighter and bomber operations. However, the tasks undertaken by these men and their aircraft were often more hazardous and demanding than any other type of wartime flying: for every SOS, SIS or OSS agent who lost their life in the field, at least one RAF or USAAF airman was killed while flying SD operations.Here, David Oliver examines the exploits of British, Commonwealth, American, Free European, Soviet, German, Italian and Japanese airmen and units, supported by first-hand accounts and archive photographs.

A autora reconhece a importância do Programa Bolsa Família dentro do campo social, mas analisa a sua influência na ótica do Marketing e lança luz à tese de que o PBF é uma ferramenta de Marketing Pol

The Second World War saw the role of espionage, secret agents and spy services increase exponentially as the world was thrown into a conflict unlike any that had gone before it.At this time, no one in government was really aware of what MI5 and its brethren did. But with Churchill at the countrys helm, it was decided to let him in on the secret, providing him with a weekly report of the spy activities. These reports were so classified that he was handed each report personally and copies were never allowed to be made, nor was he allowed to keep hold of them. Even now, the documents only exist as physical copies deep in the archives, many pages annotated by hand by W.S.C. himself.In Churchills Spy Files intelligence expert Nigel West unravels the tales of hitherto unknown spy missions, using this groundbreaking research to paint a fresh picture of the worldwide intelligence scene of the Second World War.

It was in the closing year of the First World War, on 1 April 1918, that the Royal Air Force was born from the amalgamation of the Royal Flying Corps and Royal Naval Air Service. Since then, the RAF has helped lead the world in the development of aviation and air warfare. From the fighters and bombers of the Second World War, through the early jet age and into modern remotely piloted air systems, the last hundred years development has been astronomical, and the human story no less impressive. Here Peter Jacobs gathers the most poignant objects of the RAFs proud history and displays them together, in full splendid colour, for the first time. Aircraft, memorials, uniforms, equipment, and some items you would never expect its all here, ready to be explored.

At the end of the First World War, British power in the colonies was at an all-time low. That was until a ragtag band of visionaries, including Winston Churchill and T.E. Lawrence, proposed that the aeroplane, the wonder weapon of the age, could save the empire. Using the radical strategy of air control, the RAF tried to subdue vast swathes of the Middle East, Asia and Africa.Wings of Empire is a compelling account of the colonial air campaigns that saw a generation of young airmen take to the skies to battle against warlords, jihadists and hostile tribes. For the first time ever, this book chronicles the full story of the RAFs most extraordinary conflict.

Three of the most provocative and thought-provoking works of the great Christopher Hitchens, now available in one volume.god Is Not Great This provocative international bestseller is the ultimate case against religion. In a series of acute readings of the major religious texts, Christopher Hitchens demonstrates the ways in which religion is man-made, dangerously sexually repressive and distorts the very origins of the cosmos. Above all, Hitchens argues that the concept of an omniscient God has profoundly damaged humanity, and proposes that the world might be a great deal better off without him.Hitch-22 The hilarious and provocative bestselling memoirs of our greatest contrarian are by turns, moving and funny, charming and infuriating, enraging and inspiring. It is an indispensable companion to the life and thought of our pre-eminent political writer.Arguably For forty years, Christopher Hitchens was at the epicentre of the battle of letters in Britain & America. Throughout his life he shone the light of reason and truth into the eyes of charlatans and hucksters, exposing falsehood and decrying hypocrisy wherever he found it. Arguably collects Hitchens writing on politics, literature and religion when he was at the zenith of his career.

Afif Safieh served as Palestinian General Delegate in London, Washington and Moscow from 1990 to 2009. During this time, he met and interacted with the leading figures of our times: from Yasser Arafat, John Major and Tony Blair; to Jimmy Carter, George W. Bush and Pope John Paul II. The Peace Process: From Breakthrough to Breakdown brings together Afif Safiehs articles, lectures and interviews from 1981, when he was a staff member in Yasser Arafats Beirut office, to 2005, at the end of his mission in London, revealing the political and intellectual journey of one of Palestines most skilled and distinguished diplomats. His writings, which centre on the Palestinian struggle for independence, are a testament to his vision and humanity and provide a unique map of Palestinian diplomacy over the last three decades.

While the type of small political party In Ireland has varied, their fate, it seems, has not. Although some enjoy a brief time in the sun, termination is the long-term prospects for all minor parties. The usual pattern is a speedy ascent, an impact on the political system including a time in government, followed by a prolonged termination. This book examines this pattern of evolution for minor, or small, parties in Irish politics. As the Irish state has changed, so too have the types of parties that have emerged. With the first-time entry of the Greens into government in 2007, their wipeout in 2011, the termination of the Progressive Democrats in 2009, and the failure of a new party to emerge despite the on-going financial crisis, the time is ripe for this analysis.

To encapsulate the British Army in one book is no easy task, but here, George Forty presents it as it was during the Second World War. When war was declared in 1939, the British Army was very much the Cinderella of the three armed services, with a total strength of around 865,000 men. However, just four years later when the Allies invaded north-west Europe, the British Army had grown into a powerful, well-organised and well-equipped fighting force of 3 million men and women. George Forty presents a comprehensive overview of the British Army during this important time.He includes full details of mobilisation and training, higher organisation and arms of the service; divisional organisations and non-divisional units; HQs and Staff; the combat arms and the services; the individual soldier, his weapons and equipment; tactics; vehicle markings and camouflage; the Auxiliary Territorial Service and other Womens Corps. Fully illustrated with an unusual collection of photographs and line illustrations, this is an indispensable reference guide for anyone interested in this fascinating period of British history.