Ebooks de ciencias, página 29 de 709

Stem cell and regenerative medicine research is a hot area of research which promises to change the face of medicine as it will be practiced in the years to come. Challenges in the 21st century to combat diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer and related diseases may well be addressed employing stem cell therapies and tissue regeneration. Frontiers in Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research is essential reading for researchers seeking updates in stem cell therapeutics and regenerative medicine. The fourth volume of this series features reviews on the use of stem cells through retrodifferentiation, mesodermal regeneration, hematopoiesis and mesenchymal stem cells. The volume also features a chapter on current knowledge on cell-based therapy in veterinary medicine.

The monograph is a summary of methods used to study pain receptors and the results obtained in some experiments designed to study the effect of non-opioid analgesics. The molecular mechanisms of nociceptive information control in primary sensory nociceptive neurons are described based on investigations of the membrane signaling cascade (opioid-like receptor ? Na+,K+-ATPase ? NaV1.8 channel) observed by the authors. Based on this data, the authors conclude that the modulation of NaV1.8 channels responsible for the coding of noxious signals can be carried out due to two novel targeting mechanisms. The first of these is the activation of opioid-like receptors; the second is the activation of Na+/K+-ATPase as a signal transducer. The development of a novel class of analgesics that trigger these mechanisms should lead to a successful solution to the problem of chronic pain relief.Chapters of the monograph cover the general methods used in studying nociceptive pain (including the patch-clamp method), and the mechanism behind the binding of different ligands to these receptors such gamma-pyrones, gamma-pyridines and cardiotonic steroids.This monograph is a valuable reference for neuroscientists, pharmacologists and allied researchers studying pain receptors for the development of safe and effective analgesics.

This monograph is a collection of reviews that presents results obtained from new and somewhat unconventional methods used to fight multiple drug resistance (MDR) acquired by microorganisms and tumours. Two directions are considered: (i) the modification of non-antibiotic medicines by exposure to un-coherent, or laser optical radiation to obtain photoproducts that receive bactericidal or, possibly, tumouricidal properties and (ii) the development of new vectors (micrometric droplets of solutions containing medicinal agents) to transport medicines to targets based on optical and micro spectroscopic methods. Chapters shed light on pendant droplets used for antibiotic drug delivery, the science of lasers and their interactions with fluids in pendant droplets and spectroscopic analyses of droplets used to treat MDR infections. It therefore equips researchers and medical professionals with information about tools that enable them to respond to medical emergencies in challenging environments. The intended readership for this monograph includes graduate students, medical doctors, fluid physicists, biologists, photochemists, and experts in drug delivery methods employed in extreme conditions (such as those found in outer space and hypergravity conditions) who are learning about using techniques such as laser spectroscopy, biophotonics and optofluidics/microfluidics.

This volume reviews the published knowledge about bioactive composites, protein scaffolds and hydrogels. Chapters also detail the production parameters and clarify the evaluation protocol for analysis or testing and scaffolding biomaterials. The volume concludes with a summary of applications of porous scaffold in medicine. Each chapter links basic scientific and engineering concepts to practical applications for the benefit of the reader.The text offers a wealth of information that will be of use to all students, bioengineers, materials scientists, chemists and clinicians concerned with the properties, performance, and use of tissue engineering scaffolds from research engineers faced with designing the biomaterials and techniques to physicians and surgeons charged with shepherding the use of the scaffolds into the applied clinical settings.

This book provides readers a fundamental understanding of the science and applications of medicinal and aromatic plant materials. Chapters of this handbook covers the basics of ethnobotany, (bio)active compounds and their natural sources. Information about the cosmetic, nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses (dyes, tannins and biocides) is also presented. Readers will also learn about concepts central to quality control processes, sustainable management, wild harvesting and the economic valuation of the industrial impact of endemic plants. The volume also presents a case study of the wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.), which is helpful in explaining the above concepts. This book is intended as a handbook for undergraduate students and teaching professionals in research and higher education institutions involved in agricultural engineering, pharmacy, forestry, natural product chemistry. Non experts interested in aromatic and medicinal plant agriculture, transformation and commercialization will also find the content informative.

Biofuels are currently used as a viable alternative energy source in several countries. Plant-Based Genetic Tools for Biofuels Production explains biotechnological techniques and concepts that are applied to increase biofuel yield from plants and algae. Chapters of the book cover a variety of topics: the basic research techniques (cell suspension, embryogenesis, protoplast fusion), plant genetics (plant DNA mutations, new plant breeding techniques, viral genetic vectors for heterologous gene expression, sub cellular proteomes), genomic resources and bioinformatics tools, plant species with bioenergy and biofuel potential, factors influencing biomass yield, advances in cultivation technologies, fermentation of different substrates for ethanol production, and microalgae biomass technologies.Readers will gain a thorough understanding of modern biofuel production.Plant-Based Genetic Tools for Biofuels Production is a suitable reference for students in biotechnology and bioinformatics programs as well as researchers interested in information about the basics of biofuel production.

Recent Advances in Analytical Techniques is a collection of updates in techniques used in chemical analysis. This volume presents information about a selection of analytical techniques. Readers will find information about:New methods of sample preparation in biological and environmental analysisDevelopments in electrochemical sensorsIn vivo cytometry for detection of tumor cellsFlow discharge spectroscopy for depth profile analysisAdvances in photodynamic therapyNew methods to analyze volatility in alcoholic beverages

Tropical Diseases: An Overview of Major Diseases Occurring in the Americas offers an overview of neglected tropical diseases found in the Americas. Information in the book addresses the understanding of challenges faced in controlling these diseases and brings new insight on many important aspects of these diseases. Chapters of this volume explore many related topics, including epidemiological data, immune response and pathogenesis, and the current methods for diagnosis and treatment, thus providing a useful resource for readers (undergraduate, graduate and Ph.D. students as well as biologists and medical researchers). Key features of this book include:clear and objective topic-by-topic information on tropical diseases in the American region with additional information about diseases in other regionsuseful knowledge for research projects and clinical practice written by experienced health professionalscoverage of several diseases such as cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar), Chagas disease, sleeping sickness, schistosomiasis, dengue fever, bacterial infections, fungal systemic infection and tuberculosis.information on key strategies for disease control including improved diagnostics, in silico drug development and vaccine control

Frontiers in Nanomedicine offers an up-to-date understanding of nanomaterials to readers having clinical or biomolecular research interests. Scientists, both aspiring and experienced, will find, in each volume, a comprehensive overview of current molecular strategies for using nanoscale materials in medicine. Nanomedicine and Neurosciences: Advantages, Limitations and Safety Aspects presents different aspects of nanomedicine applied to neuroscience for the diagnosis of disease and the role of nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery systems for neurodegenerative disorders. Topics covered in this volume cover the physiology of neurodegeneration, targeted therapies for Alzheimers disease and Parkinsons disease, blood brain barrier drug delivery systems, in vivo studies of drug nanoconjugates, nanomedicine safety, and more.

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Anti infectives is an eBook series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in learning about advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of infectious diseases. The scope of the eBook series covers a range of topics including the chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs employed in the treatment of infectious diseases. Reviews in this series also include research on multi drug resistance and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel antibiotics, vaccines, antifungal agents and antitubercular agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Anti infectives is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of anti infective drug discovery and epidemiology.The fourth volume of this series features reviews that cover a variety of topics including: -Strategies to prolong antibiotic life-Catalytic antibodies for targeting rabies and influenza viruses-Antiviral therapies for arenaviruses-The role of steroids in viral infections-Monoclonal antibody manufacturing processes-Prevention and eradication of biofilms in medical devices

Adulteration refers to the practice of altering food or pharmaceutical content to reduce production costs. Factors affecting this practice include market forces such as easy availability of food adulterants, bargaining power of consumers and large demand and supply gaps which incentivize such practices. Technological advancements in chemical analysis now help us to identify adulterated food and drugs more easily. Adulteration Analysis of Some Foods and Drugs is a sourcebook describing analytical methodologies for the determination of adulterants in different food items (milk, honey, juice) and drugs (dietary supplements, sildenafil and specific plant extracts). Additional chapters give guidelines for analyzing a food or drug sample. This book is suitable for researchers working in the field of analytical chemistry for the determination of adulterants. The concise and organized presentation of the contents also serves to enhance the level of knowledge of students undertaking food and drug safety / quality control training courses.

Researchers, politicians and lay persons around the world agree that renewable energy technologies will play an increasingly important role in strengthening national economies in the future. The renewable energy industry has the potential to significantly increase power capacity of several countries and subsequently create many jobs. This book examines recent advances in specific renewable energy systems. Readers will learn about theoretical and applied perspectives which are key to addressing the major issues associated with such systems. Chapters cover solar energy systems, thermal energy storage, bioenergy, hydrogen production, geothermal energy and measurement techniques for these energy systems. Students in engineering programs, and engineers working in academia and the renewable energy sector will be able to broaden their understanding of complex renewable energy projects through the comprehensive overview of both the fundamental concepts and the technical issues covered in the text.

Todays academic environment presents assessment challenges defined by an increased volume of available information coupled with increased competition among students and time constraints. Multiple choice questions (MCQs) provide examiners with an opportunity to assess academic performance on the basis of instant recollection of correct answers in a minimal amount of time. MCQs Series for Life Sciences Volume 2 is a collection of MCQs on advanced topics and offers the following benefits for readers:Includes over 950 relevant MCQs Covers two major topics: cell culture and microbiology.Simplified language and presentation of conceptsAnswers to each question are providedThis MCQ book series in life sciences is a handy reference for graduate and postgraduate students undertaking examinations or entrance tests as well as teachers or examiners involved in setting and controlling assessments in specific subjects in life sciences. The second volume augments the first volume which comprehensively covers five areas of life sciences: immunology, biochemistry, cell biology developmental biology, genetics and molecular biology.

Bioinformatics allows researchers to answer biological questions with advanced computational methods which involves the application of statistics and mathematical modeling. Structural bioinformatics enables the prediction and analysis of 3D structures of macromolecules while Computer Aided Drug Designing (CADD) assists scientists to design effective active molecules against diseases. However, the concepts in structural bioinformatics and CADD can be complex to understand for students and educated laymen. This quick guideline is intended as a basic manual for beginner students and instructors involved in bioinformatics and computational chemistry courses. Readers will learn the basics of structural bioinformatics, primary and secondary analysis and prediction, structural visualization, structural analysis and molecular docking. Therefore, the book is a useful handbook for aspiring scholars who wish to learn the basic concepts in computational analysis of biomolecules.

Este libro será útil a aquellos alumnos que empiezan a estudiar Química y tienen dificultades al analizar los problemas y encontrar soluciones lógicas o que tienen dificultades con las representaciones graficas y su interpretacion o simplemente que han olvidado temas tales como los logaritmos o las operaciones matematicas basicas. Tambien sera de utilidad para aquel estudiante que busque problemas y explicaciones adicionales con el fin de alcanzar una mejor comprension de los conceptos y preparar sus examenes.

Los métodos estadísticos son una parte fundamental de la ciencia de datos, pero pocos científicos de datos tienen una formación avanzada en estadística. Los cursos y libros sobre estadística básica rara vez tratan el tema desde la perspectiva de la ciencia de datos. La segunda edicion de este libro incluye ejemplos detallados de Python, ofrece una orientacion practica sobre la aplicacion de los metodos estadisticos a la ciencia de datos, te indica como evitar su uso incorrecto y te aconseja sobre lo que es y lo que no es importante.Muchos recursos de la ciencia de datos incorporan metodos estadisticos, pero carecen de una perspectiva estadistica mas profunda. Si estas familiarizado con los lenguajes de programacion R o Python y tienes algun conocimiento de estadistica, este libro suple esas carencias de una forma practica, accesible y clara.Con este libro aprenderas:Por que el analisis exploratorio de datos es un paso preliminar clave en la ciencia de datosComo el muestreo aleatorio puede reducir el sesgo y ofrecer un conjunto de datos de mayor calidad, incluso con Big DataComo los principios del diseño experimental ofrecen respuestas definitivas a preguntasComo utilizar la regresion para estimar resultados y detectar anomaliasTecnicas de clasificacion esenciales para predecir a que categorias pertenece un registroMetodos estadisticos de aprendizaje automatico que "aprenden" a partir de los datosMetodos de aprendizaje no supervisados para extraer significado de datos sin etiquetarPeter Bruce es el fundador del Institute for Statistics Education en Statistics.com.Andrew Bruce es cientifico investigador jefe en Amazon y tiene mas de 30 años de experiencia en estadistica y ciencia de datos.Peter Gedeck es cientifico de datos senior en Collaborative Drug Discovery, desarrolla algoritmos de aprendizaje automatico para pronosticar propiedades de posibles futuros farmacos.

Focado no novo emprego, resolvi adaptar a forma de cobrança de dívidas da empresa, o foco é criar um ambiente de interação para que cobrador e devedor tenham satisfação em solucionar a dívida. O pass

A remarkable fact in mathematics is the accordance between algebra and geometry: since the time of Descartes it is possible to express geometric phenomena in terms of numbers. And after doing calculations with these numbers, we can draw geometric conclusions from them. However, soon it appeared that, for instance, a circle and a line outside that circle have imaginary meeting points: points that have imaginary coordinates but can not be found in the figure. Karl von Staudt found a brilliant way to visualize imaginary geometric points, lines and planes, and Felix Klein simplified and extended his method. In this book imaginary elements appear as Klein-movements in our real space. Apart from its mathematical importance, these movements may be seen as an alternative for the remarkable occurrences of complex numbers in physics, viz. quantum physics.

Existem convicções seguras da origem do mundo por Deus, que o Cosmo é infinito, ou de expansão infindável em matéria e energia, possui ambas em quantidade sem fim, ou, com certeza evolui e chegará ne

Este libro intenta servir de introducción en este nuevo campo a estudiantes de niveles avanzados y a graduados. Pretende ser útil al químico inorgánico que quiera orientar su investigación por este campo, asi como a los bioquimicos interesados en un resumen del trabajo existente. El libro se divide en dos partes. En la Parte 1 se da una vision de conjunto del material fundamental importante y se introduce por lo general al lector en las cuestiones del tema de la obra. La Parte 2 es la fundamental del libro y trata de la mayor parte de los elementos inorganicos de importancia.