Libros de ciencias, página 34 de 2711

Describing the diversity and features of various vertebrate groups, ranging from the oldest living fishes to the relatively more recent evolution of mammals, this book covers anatomical systems including organs and tissues, as well as their function and differentiation in various vertebrate groups. The authors also discuss the evolution of vertebrate groups from the earliest extinct ancestors to current living vertebrates. The book contains illustrations to clarify various issues as well as discussions of vertebrate features that enable adaptation to aquatic and terrestrial environments.

Esta obra no es un diccionario en el sentido corriente de una compilación de definiciones breves, sino que es un compendio de datos técnicos y de información descriptiva que incluye miles de sustancias y fenómenos químicos organizados para que el lector los encuentre rápidamente. En esta nueva edición aparecen 4200 entradas nuevas o actualizadas. Se ha hecho especial hincapié en la inclusión de términos en el campo de la bioquímica, de los que aparecen más de 700. Se han incluido también más de 90 términos del ramo de la nanotecnología y casi 3000 compuestos nuevos y marcas registradas. Se han verificado o añadido enlaces a las direcciones web junto a las entradas correspondientes y en el Apéndice III. Y las marcas registradas y sus correspondientes fabricantes se han actualizado para mejorar la cobertura del sector químico actual. En relación a determinadas sustancias, especialmente pesticidas y carcinógenos, la afirmación su uso debe ser restringido indica que posiblemente exista una legislación estatal o local, aunque el producto no haya sido prohibido oficialmente. Cuando el producto ha sido prohibido se indica.

A lightning strike to an unprotected object or system can be disastrous - in the United States lightning is responsible for over 30% of all electric power failures, causes billions of dollars worth of property damage, and an average of 85 fatalities a year. This accessible text describes all aspects of lightning protection and includes many illustrative drawings and photographs. The author examines the physical behavior of lightning, various types of lightning damage, the role of lightning detection and warning in effective protection, as well as options for deflecting or eliminating lightning. U.S. and international lightning protection standards are discussed. This book will be essential reading for everyone involved in the business of lightning protection, including meteorologists, atmospheric scientists, architects, engineers, and fire-safety experts. Insurance practitioners and physicians will find this reference of significant value.

With petroleum prices spiraling upward, making synthetic fuelsor "synfuels"from coal, natural gas, and biomass has become more economically competitive. Advanced energy companies now focus exclusively on alternative fuels, and many oil companies have programs dedicated to developing synthetic fuels. The Fischer-Tropsch process, which uses a collection of chemical reactions to convert mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen into liquid hydrocarbons, is the studied method of choice for producing synthetic petroleum substitutes.

This book constitutes a key reference on the use of algae in the biopharmaceuticals production field; providing an updated outlook on the achievements accomplished thus far and transmitting a prospective view for this biotechnological application. This book provides a detailed description of the technology as well as an updated outlook of the strides achieved thus far in the field of algae-based biopharmaceuticals. Algae constitute attractive expression hosts for the production of recombinant proteins with medical applications. Among the features that make them attractive candidates are: low cost, fast growth, wide biosynthetic capacity, and absence of human pathogens; which constitute substantial advantages with respect to bacterial and mammalian systems. First, the features of algae as convenient hosts for the production of BFs are analyzed in terms of production costs, biosynthetic capacity, and safety (Chapter 1). Second, the genetic engineering tools for algae-species are described. Nuclear and chloroplast-based expression approaches are analyzed and compared in terms of biosynthetic advantages, gene expression complexity, and DNA transfer approaches (Chapter 2). In the following sections, chapters 3 to 7, the state of the art on producing distinct types of BFs in algae species is presented. Although this book is mainly focused on BFs, considering that the production of compounds with health-promoting properties are achieved using genetically-engineered algae strains, chapter 8 deals with nutraceuticals. In the ninth chapter, the developments reported thus far are placed in perspective and challenges for the field are discussed. Critical future prospects comprise the following: optimizing large-scale production in bioreactors, implementing glycoengineering approaches, optimizing nuclear expression, exploring new approaches for oral delivery, and implementing regulatory frameworks to accomplish technology transfer and regulatory approval of algae-made BFs.

The genetic improvement of fish for aquaculture and related fisheries is a field of research that has seen immense advances in recent years. Yet there has been no book which provides an accessible overview of the subject until now. The book fills this gap in the literature. The contents include polyploidy, sex-reversal and breeding, gene mapping and commercial applications.

In the theory of minimal submanifolds, Bernstein''s problem and Plateau''s problem are central topics. This important book presents the DouglasRado solution to Plateau''s problem, but the main emphasis is on Bernstein''s problem and its new developments in various directions: the value distribution of the Gauss image of a minimal surface in Euclidean 3-space, Simons'' work for minimal graphic hypersurfaces, and the author''s own contributions to Bernstein type theorems for higher codimension. The author also introduces some related topics, such as submanifolds with parallel mean curvature, Weierstrass type representation for surfaces of mean curvature 1 in hyperbolic 3-space, and special Lagrangian submanifolds.This new edition contains the author''s recent work on the LawsonOsserman''s problem for higher codimension, and on Chern''s problem for minimal hypersurfaces in the sphere. Both Chern''s problem and LawsonOsserman''s problem are important problems in minimal surface theory which are still unsolved. In addition, some new techniques were developed to address those problems in detail, which are of interest in the field of geometric analysis.Readership: Researchers and graduate students in differential geometry.

It has been over a decade since the release first edition of the now classic original edition of Murray''s Mathematical Biology.Since then mathematical biology and medicine has grown at an astonishing rate and has established itself as a distinct discipline. Mathematical modelling is now being applied in every major discipline in the biomedical sciences. Though the field has become increasingly large and specialized, this book remains important as a text that introduces some of the exciting problems which arise in the biomedical sciences and gives some indication of the wide spectrum of questions that modelling can address.Due to the tremendous development in recent years, this new edition is being published in two volumes. This second volume covers spatial models and biomedical applications. For this new edition, Murray covers certain items in depth, introducing new applications such as modelling growth and control of brain tumours, bacterial patterns, wound healing and wolf territoriality. In other areas, he discusses basic modelling concepts and provides further references as needed. He also provides even closer links between models and experimental data throughout the text.Graduate students and researchers will find this book invaluable as it gives an excellent background from which to begin genuinely practical interdisciplinary research in the biomedical sciences.

Understanding approximate dynamic programming (ADP) in large industrial settings helps develop practical and high-quality solutions to problems that involve making decisions in the presence of uncertainty. With a focus on modeling and algorithms in conjunction with the language of mainstream operations research, artificial intelligence, and control theory, this second edition of Approximate Dynamic Programming Solving the Curses of Dimensionality uniquely integrates four distinct disciplines?Markov design processes, mathematical programming, simulation, and statistics?to show students, practitioners, and researchers how to successfully model and solve a wide range of real-life problems using ADP.

Climate change is triggered by a too high concentration of greenhouse gases in the air carbon dioxide in particular primarily originating from fossil fuel burning Since such burning will not stop any time soon the concentration will undoubtedly rise further exacerbating climate change There is no escape from this That is where carbon capture comes in direct air capture DAC scrubs the surplus carbon dioxide out of the air for actually lowering this concentration At the same time emission levels must be drastically lowered by fitting point source emitters with carbon capture installations This book sets out the case for such carbon capture which is a must without which the climate cannot be repaired

The Mekong River Basin Ecohydrological Complexity from Catchment to Coast Volume Three presents real facts data and predictions for quantifying human induced changes throughout the Mekong watershed including its estuaries and coasts and proposes solutions to decrease or mitigate the negative effect and enable sustainable development This is the first work to link socio ecological interaction study over the whole Mekong River basin through the lens of ecohydrology Each chapter is written by a leading expert with coverage on climate change groundwater land use flooding drought biodiversity and anthropological issues Human activities are enormous in the whole watershed and are still increasing throughout the catchment with severe negative impacts on natural resources are emerging Among these activities hydropower dams especially a series of 11 dams in China are the most critical as they generate massive changes throughout the system including in the delta and to the livelihoods of millions of people and they threaten sustainability

Meso and Microplastic Risk Assessment in Marine Environment New Threat and Challenges in Marine Environment presents an interdisciplinary approach offering key techniques and management of microplastic contamination in the disciplines of environmental science fisheries oceanography geology chemistry biology and ocean science Sections cover an overview of microplastic in the marine environment deal with the origin occurrences distribution and various methodologies for dealing with microplastics available for microplastics address the global case study of microplastic separation using recent techniques and discuss the impact of microplastics on human health and the surrounding environment This book is an important step in the field of microplastic pollution mitigation in environmental science as it offers a thorough accounting of the effects of pollutants on the environment marine organisms and the public health implications as such it is relevant for aquatic ecologists oceanographers toxicologists and marine biologists