Libros de ciencias, página 77 de 2703

The scientific study of networks, including computer networks, social networks, and biological networks, has received an enormous amount of interest in the last few years. The rise of the Internet and the wide availability of inexpensive computers have made it possible to gather and analyze network data on a large scale, and the development of a variety of new theoretical tools has allowed us to extract new knowledge from many different kinds of networks. The study of networks is broadly interdisciplinary and important developments have occurred in many fields, including mathematics, physics, computer and information sciences, biology, and the social sciences. This book brings together for the first time the most important breakthroughs in each of these fields and presents them in a coherent fashion, highlighting the strong interconnections between work in different areas.Subjects covered include the measurement and structure of networks in many branches of science, methods for analyzing network data, including methods developed in physics, statistics, and sociology, the fundamentals of graph theory, computer algorithms, and spectral methods, mathematical models of networks, including random graph models and generative models, and theories of dynamical processes taking place on networks.

El mundo de la celula es un texto actual, de gran rigor científico y muy fácil de abordar.Los temas se presentan desde los conceptos básicos a los más elaborados, incluyendo detalles de modelos celulares que facilitan la comprension y numerosas referencias a aspectos celulares y moleculares de la patologia. Para mejorar la efectividad de este texto como herramienta de formacion, cada capitulo tiene las siguientes caracteristicas pedagogicas:- Cada capitulo se divide en secciones conceptuales precedidas de un encabezamiento de enunciacion de concepto que resume el concepto que se va a describir.- Cada capitulo contiene uno o mas recuadros de ensayo para ayudar a los estudiantes a comprender aspectos particularmente importantes de la biologia de la celula.- Inclusion de un conjunto de problemas al final de cada capitulo. La ciencia no se aprende solo leyendo o escuchando, sino fundamentalmente practicando.- Las negritas se utilizan para resaltar los terminos mas importantes de cada capitulo. Las cursivas para identificar terminos tecnicos adicionales.- Al final de cada capitulo se incluye una lista de Lecturas recomendadas, poniendo enfasis especial en articulos de revision y en publicaciones de investigacion.

Meta-analysis is a powerful statistical methodology for synthesizing research evidence across independent studies. This is the first comprehensive handbook of meta-analysis written specifically for ecologists and evolutionary biologists, and it provides an invaluable introduction for beginners as well as an up-to-date guide for experienced meta-analysts. The chapters, written by renowned experts, walk readers through every step of meta-analysis, from problem formulation to the presentation of the results. The handbook identifies both the advantages of using meta-analysis for research synthesis and the potential pitfalls and limitations of meta-analysis (including when it should not be used). Different approaches to carrying out a meta-analysis are described, and include moment and least-square, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches, all illustrated using worked examples based on real biological datasets. This one-of-a-kind resource is uniquely tailored to the biological sciences, and will provide an invaluable text for practitioners from graduate students and senior scientists to policymakers in conservation and environmental management. * Walks you through every step of carrying out a meta-analysis in ecology and evolutionary biology, from problem formulation to result presentation * Brings together experts from a broad range of fields * Shows how to avoid, minimize, or resolve pitfalls such as missing data, publication bias, varying data quality, nonindependence of observations, and phylogenetic dependencies among species * Helps you choose the right software * Draws on numerous examples based on real biological datasets----------------------El metanalisis es una potente herramienta estadistica que permite efectuar investigaciones mediante el uso de estudios realizados de forma independiente. Este se trata del primer manual sobre metanalisis escrito especificamente para ecologos y biologos evolutivos, proporcionando una introduccion de gran valor para los que deseen iniciarse en este metodo. Los capitulos han sido elaborados por expertos diversos, que conducen al lector a traves de las diferentes etapas, desde la formulacion de problemas hasta la presentacion de resultados. Explican tanto las ventajas del enfoque metanalitico como los puntos flacos de esta aproximacion. Describen diferentes vias de abordar este tipo de analisis, basando las explicaciones en casos practicos reales.

This book explores the applications of AI and how it can be used to embark on a metaphysical quest to identify the topology of the universe as a prerequisite to implementing a physical model of the d

At the heart of the optimization domain are mathematical modeling of the problem and the solution methodologies The problems are becoming larger and with growing complexity Such problems are becoming cumbersome when handled by traditional optimization methods This has motivated researchers to resort to artificial intelligence AI based nature inspired solution methodologies or algorithms The Handbook of AI based Metaheuristics provides a wide ranging reference to the theoretical and mathematical formulations of metaheuristics including bio inspired swarm based socio cultural and physics based methods or algorithms their testing and validation along with detailed illustrative solutions and applications and newly devised metaheuristic algorithms This will be a valuable reference for researchers in industry and academia as well as for all Master s and PhD students working in the metaheuristics and applications domains

This textbook provides a complete introduction to Hydrogeology It is a comprehensive reference for earth science professionals involved in groundwater exploitation as well as for geotechnical engineers This English translation of the German textbook Hydrogeologie by Holting & Coldewey which has been published in its 8th edition provides insights into the sources and reservoirs of groundwater the dynamics of fluid flow and the physical and chemical composition of groundwater It also gives an overview about the economic value of groundwater and its exploitation and use A consistent use of the internationally accepted SI units as well as the formula symbols in the text contributes to the understandability

The Design of Innovation illustrates how to design and implement competent genetic algorithms-genetic algorithms that solve hard problems quickly, reliably, and accurately-and how the invention of competent genetic algorithms amounts to the creation of an effective computational theory of human innovation. For the specialist in genetic algorithms and evolutionary computation, this book combines over two decades of hard-won research results in a single volume to provide a comprehensive step-by-step guide to designing genetic algorithms that scale well with problem size and difficulty. For the innovation researcher - whether from the social and behavioral sciences, the natural sciences, the humanities, or the arts - this unique book gives a consistent and valuable mathematical and computational viewpoint for understanding certain aspects of human innovation. For all readers, The Design of Innovation provides an entrA(c)e into the world of competent genetic algorithms and innovation through a methodology of invention borrowed from the Wright brothers. Combining careful decomposition, cost-effective, little analytical models, and careful design, the road to competence is paved with easily understood examples, simulations, and results from the literature.