Ebooks de ciencias, página 10 de 701

This book is a comprehensive review of secondary metabolite production from plant tissue culture. The editors have compiled 12 meticulously organized chapters that provide the relevant theoretical and practical frameworks in this subject using empirical research findings. The goal of the book is to explain the rationale behind in vitro production of secondary metabolites from some important medicinal plants. Biotechnological strategies like metabolic engineering and the biosynthesis, transport and modulation of important secondary metabolites are explained along with research studies on specific plants. In addition to the benefits of secondary metabolites, the book also aims to highlight the commercial value of medicinal plants for pharmaceutical and healthcare ventures. Topics covered in this part include: 1. In vitro propagation and tissue culture for several plants including Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Aloe vera, Oroxylum indicum (L) Kurz, Ocimum basilicum L, Rhubarb, Tea, and many others (including plants in Northern India). 2. Genetic Improvement of Pelargonium 3. Bioactive Components in Senna alata L. Roxb 4. Plant tissue culture techniques The book caters to a wide readership. It primarily prepares graduate students, researchers, biotechnologists, giving them a grasp of the key methodologies in the secondary metabolite production. It is a secondary reference for support executives, industry professionals, and policymakers at corporate and government levels to understand the importance of plant tissue culture and maximizing its impact in the herbal industry. Readership Graduate students and researchers in plant biotechnology courses; industry professionals and policymakers in the herbal industry.

This volume presents information about protocols for micropropagation of more than 40 species of medicinal plants. The contents combine knowledge about the scientific principles of micropropagation with state of the art updates in tissue culture techniques presented by plant scientists. The readers will learn about techniques required to grow plants in challenging conditions that aim to reduce the impacts of injudicious harvesting, deforestation, climate change, pollution, urbanization and other factors that limit the ability to meet current demand. General topics such as biotization and pharmaceutical investigation are also included to guide readers about the significance of these plants in research and development for new medicines. The book provides protocols for micropropagation of important medicinal plants like Rauvolfia serpentina, Catharanthus roseus, Withania somnifera, Tylophora indica, Bacopa monnieri, Aloe vera, Phyllanthus amarus, Allium sativum, Moringa oleifera, Operculina turpethum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Pterocarpus marsupium, Vetiver grass, Ruta graveolens, Tinospora cordifolia, Kaempferia, Hedychium, Decalepis hamiltonii, Saraca asoca, Wrightia tinctoria, Wrightia arborea, Artemisia absinthium, Aegle marmelos, Atropa acuminata, Atropa belladonna, Alpinia species, Hedychium species, and Cissus species. This book is a handy reference for medicinal chemists, horticulturists and pharmacists who want to learn about the growth and conservation of important medicinal herbs and plants. Readership Medicinal chemists, horticulturists and pharmacists."

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in neurology and allied disciplines. The twelfth volume of this series features these reviews: Chapter 1: Recent Drugs Tested in Clinical Trials for Alzheimers and Parkinsons Diseases Treatment: Current Approaches in Tracking New Drugs Chapter 2: Neurobiology of Placebo: Interpreting Its Evolutionary Origin, Meaning, Mechanisms, Monitoring, and Implications in Therapeutics Chapter 3: Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuroinflammation and Neurological Disorders Chapter 4: The Role of Age in Pediatric Tumors of the Central Nervous System Chapter 5: Drug Repurposing in CNS and Clinical Trials: Recent Achievements and Perspectives Focusing on Epilepsy and Related Comorbidities Chapter 6: Progress on the Development of Oxime Derivatives as a Potential Antidote for Organophosphorus Poisoning Readership Pharmaceutical scientists, clinical researchers, medical consultants and allied healthcare professionals interested in neuropharmacology and neurology

Molecular and Physiological Insights into Plant Stress Tolerance and Applications in Agriculture Part 2 is an edited volume that presents research on plant stress responses at both molecular and physiological levels. This volume builds on the previous volume to provide additional knowledge in studies on the subject. Key Features - Explains aspects of plant genetics central to research such as the role of cytosine methylation and demethylation in plant stress responses, and the importance of epigenetic genetics in regulating plant stress responses. - Explores how Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins affect plant cellular stress tolerance with an emphasis on their molecular mechanisms and potential implications. - Focuses on beneficial microorganisms including rhizobacteria, endophytes, and mycorrhizal fungi, which are expected to be alternative fertilizers with the advantages of being cost-effective, toxin-free, and eco-friendly. - Highlights the potential use of endophytic bacteria for protecting crops against pathogens - Presents an in-depth analysis of the molecular level to understand the impact of ATP-binding cassette transporters on plant defense mechanisms with a discussion of the potential anti-pathogenic agents based on terpenes and terpenoids. The content of the book is aimed at addressing UN SDG goals 2, 12, and 15 to achieve zero hunger and responsible consumption and production, and to sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, respectively. This comprehensive resource is suitable for researchers, students, teachers, agriculturists, and readers in plant science, and allied disciplines. Readership: Researchers, students, teachers, agriculturists, and readers in plant science, and allied disciplines."

Designing and developing new drugs is an expensive and time-consuming process, and there is a need to discover new tools or approaches that can optimize this process. Applied Computer-Aided Drug Design: Models and Methods compiles information about the main advances in computational tools for discovering new drugs in a simple and accessible language for academic students to early career researchers. The book aims to help readers understand how to discover molecules with therapeutic potential by bringing essential information about the subject into one volume. Key Features · Presents the concepts and evolution of classical techniques, up to the use of modern methods based on computational chemistry in accessible format. · Gives a primer on structure- and ligand-based drug design and their predictive capacity to discover new drugs. · Explains theoretical fundamentals and applications of computer-aided drug design. · Focuses on a range of applications of the computations tools, such as molecular docking; molecular dynamics simulations; homology modeling, pharmacophore modeling, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), density functional theory (DFT), fragment-based drug design (FBDD), and free energy perturbation (FEP). · Includes scientific reference for advanced readers Readership Students, teachers and early career researchers.

This book presents information about the application of various flexible AC transmission system devices to wind energy conversion systems. Devices such as unified power flow controllers, superconducting magnetic energy storage and static synchronous compensators are covered in this book. Chapters detail features of the topology and basic control systems of each device. Additionally, case studies are presented where necessary to demonstrate practical applications.This book is a reference for students and technicians studying wind power and AC transmission systems in advanced engineering courses.

Although a lot is known about the influence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the marine environment, there are still many unanswered questions. Petrogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment is a monograph that sums up basic knowledge about this topic while highlighting current research practices useful in studying the aquatic environment. It starts with an introduction to effect of PAH in the marine environment. It then proceeds to provide information on techniques to monitor PAH levels and investigate the affected environment in order to control the subsequent negative effects. Chapters also detail the carcinogenic and endocrine effects of PAHs on fish as well as the degradation of PAHs by microorganisms. This monograph is a useful reference for environmental science students and professionals learning about the role of PAH in the marine environment.

Unbridled urbanization and development of natural land resources has led to the degradation of our surrounding environment. The air that we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat is at risk of being contaminated with a plethora of chemical pollutants, some of them being potentially carcinogenic. This presents a challenge to human health. This book attempts to address this challenge in two parts which represent two different approaches. The first part of the book summarizes the alarming effects of environmental contaminants. Various studies depicting the direct relationship of environmental contaminants with cancer incidence have been referenced. Scientific studies have established an inverse relation between cancer and ingestion of dietary phytoconstituents (phytochemicals) in the form of fruits, vegetables and botanical herbs. Plant products as dietary supplements can suppress contaminant toxicity by regulating the resulting reactive species and also by assisting their bodily excretion through Phase 1 and Phase 2 enzyme metabolism. The second part of the book, shifts focus to phytoconstituents which, if included in diet, can prevent the harmful effects of pollutants. The text references numerous studies showing the anti-mutagenic, anti-genotoxic and anti-carcinogenic potential of many plant products. The combination of information about contemporary issues of carcinogenic contaminants in the environment coupled with the references to relevant studies in this handbook will enlighten readers studying courses in environmental chemistry, toxicology, botany, and ecology about environmental toxins and help them understand specific dietary measures known to reduce the toxic impact. Researchers in the field of nutrition can also benefit from the information provided.

Catalysis is an area of chemical sciences which has fascinated a wide range of academicians, researchers, chemical technologists and industries throughout the world. Progress in this field has been made owing to the thrust provided by this research and commercial interest. The field of catalysis is interdisciplinary by its nature, as it requires knowledge of organic synthesis, coordination and organometallic chemistry, reaction kinetics and mechanisms, stereochemical concepts and materials science. Fundamentals and Prospects of Catalysis highlights many important topics and sub-disciplines in catalysis by presenting 7 chapters on different but varied catalytic processes. This volume presents the following topics:· Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Spiroacetals and Bridged Acetals· Design and Development of Bimetallic Enantioselective Salen Co Catalysts for The Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution of Terminal Epoxides· Recent Trend in Asymmetric Heterogeneous Flow Catalysis· Ball Milling: A Green Tool in Synthetic Organic Chemistry· Recent Advances in the Developments of Enantioselective Electrophilic Fluorination Reactions via Organocatalysis· Green and Sustainable Biocatalytic Routes to Prepare Biobased Polyols as Precursors for Polyurethanes with Comparison of Existing Biobased Polyol Technology· Polymers Used as Catalysts

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Diabetes and Obesity is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of two metabolic diseases diabetes and obesity. The scope of the series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs affecting endocrine and metabolic processes linked with diabetes and obesity. Reviews in this series also include research on specific receptor targets and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Diabetes and Obesity is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of diabetes and obesity research. The fifth volume of this series features 5 reviews which are informative guides to therapy and drug administration in diabetes and metabolic syndrome, for both the medical specialist and the pharmacologist. -Metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia -Insulin therapy and foetoplacental endothelial dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus -Insights on diabetes, oxidative stress and antioxidant therapeutic strategies -Administration of nano drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus -SGLT-2 inhibitors

Applications of NMR Spectroscopy is a book series devoted to publishing the latest advances in the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in various fields of organic chemistry, biochemistry, health and agriculture. The eighth volume of the series features six reviews focusing on NMR spectroscopic techniques in food science, molecular biology and medical diagnosis. The reviews in this volume are: - qNMR as a Tool for Determination of Six Common Sugars in Foods - Correlation of VIP Scores and 1H NMR to Extract Information of Psychological Attention Tests Applied Before and After Coffee Intake - NMR Spectroscopy for Probing the Structural Determinants of Aptamer Optimization and Riboswitch Engineering - Applications of NMR Spectroscopy in Medical Diagnosis - Applications of NMR Spectroscopy in Cancer Diagnosis - NMR as a Tool for Exploring Protein Interactions and Dynamics

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Hematology is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in learning about advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of hematological disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs employed in the treatment of anemias, coagulopathies, vascular diseases and hematological malignancies. Reviews in this series also include research on specific antibody targets, therapeutic methods, genetic hemoglobinopathies and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel pharmaceutical agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research Hematology is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of hematology, oncology and vascular pharmacology.The fourth volume of this series features 5 reviews:-TRP Channels: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Blood Disorders-Hypercoagulable States: Clinical Symptoms, Laboratory Markers and Management-Advanced Applications of Gene Therapy in the Treatment of Hematologic Disorders-Ferroptosis - Importance and Potential Effects in Hematological Malignancies-Clinical Application of Liquid Biopsy in Solid Tumor HCC: Prognostic, Diagnostic and Therapy Monitoring Tool

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a book series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the book series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of neurology. The seventh volume of this series features reviews that cover the following topics related to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy and stroke: -Fatty Acid Amides as a New Potential Therapeutic Agent in Multiple Sclerosis -Epileptic Seizures Detection Based on Non-Linear Characteristics Coupled with Machine Learning Techniques -Hampering Essential Tremor Neurodegeneration in Essential Tremor: Present and Future Directions -The Potential Therapeutic Role of the Melatoninergic System in Treatment of Epilepsy and Comorbid Depression -Modeling Neurodegenerative Diseases Using Transgenic Model of Drosophila -Genetic Basis in Stroke Treatment: Targets of Potent Inhibitors

This reference provides information about recent trends in bryology in parts of India, tropical rainforests and arctic regions. Bryophytes are the earliest land plants and quite fascinating in their overall diversity. All through its history, bryological study has contributed considerably to the field of plant sciences, for instance, the discovery of sex chromosomes in plants. The study of bryophytes is fundamental to our understanding of land plant evolution, and the latest progress in molecular phylogenetics and genomics have given researchers a clear depiction of land colonization of plants and subsequent terrestrial progression. Ecologically, the importance of bryophytes for the participation in biogeochemical cycles, in particular carbon cycle is now appreciated. Further, there has been an escalating interest in the conservation biology of bryophytes. The contributors have put forward holistic information regarding current research scenario of bryology in a range of environments to readers learning about research in applied bryology. The compilation of reviews presents reported findings related to various aspects of the subject, such as, conservation, diversity, tissue culture, bio-monitoring, computational bryology, molecular bryology, and species. Botanists and bryologists will receive updated information that will be valuable for their research work. The reader-friendly text is also suitable for beginners in applied plant science.

Biodiversity and Livelihood: Lessons from Community Research in India Is a compilation of research articles on the ecological biodiversity and local conservation efforts of selected regions in India, and among local communities throughout the county. 18 chapters have been contributed by experts in ecology, sustainability and ethnic studies in India. The chapters provide information on a wide range of tops which cover local communities, their agricultural practices and the ecological relationships between their community and the species on which their livelihood depends. Contributions emphasize different aspects of these topics, such as observational ecological information about the aforementioned regions and communities, the local biodiversity, tribal customs of ethnic communities that are linked to conservation, specific programs which are aimed at the conservation of specific plant and animal species endemic to the region, the benefits shared by the communities involved with conservation programs and recommendations shared by the authors for sustainable management of the regional ecosystem and its resources. Readers will find a wealth of information about biodiversity conservation in different regions in India (most notably the western and eastern ghats and provinces such as Kerala and Andhra Pradesh), from a basic and applied perspective. The book is, therefore, an informative reference for conservationists, ecologists, environmentalists and ethnologists who are studying the biodiversity and conservation of India. Readers involved in sustainable development programs in the region will also find the content valuable to their knowledge.

This reference presents reviews and case studies of hazardous waste management in a selection of cities. The overarching themes of the compiled topics include 1) the problems of healthcare waste management, 2) case studies of hazardous waste mismanagement, 3) health risks associated with environmental waste, issues in environmental health and 4) grassroots environmentalism.The volume initially presents reviews and case studies from developing countries, including countries in South America (Argentina), Africa (Algeria and Nigeria), and Asia (India). The latter chapters of the book focus on environmental issues in Campania, a region in Italy. These chapters also provide an insight into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on waste management practices in this region.Risks and Challenges of Hazardous Waste Management is an insightful reference for management trainees, professionals and researchers associated with waste management and environmental health firms. Readers will gain insights into current issues and practices in the respective industries. The reviews and case studies presented in the reference are also useful to professionals involved in risk assessment studies.

Solar Chimney Power Plants: Numerical Investigations and Experimental Validation summarizes the effect of the geometrical parameters of a solar chimney on the airflow behavior inside a solar chimney power plant. Chapters in this experimental handbook are presented in two parts with the goal of equipping readers with the information necessary to study and determine key factors which affect the performance of the solar chimney power plant.In the first part, the authors present a simulation developed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling software ANSYS Fluent to model the airflow. The adopted CFD models include k-? turbulence model, the DO radiation model and the convection heat flux transfer model. These models have been validated with anterior experimental results.In the second part, the simulated models are then tested with alternate geometric configurations of the solar chimney power plant. The numerical studies allow readers to consider ways to expand on the design optimizing of the solar chimney when constructing a prototype. Geometrical parameters include the height, the diameter of the chimney and the dimensions of the solar collector and their effect on the temperature and air pressure is documented to validate models used for experimental simulations.The handbook also includes a study of an experimental prototype, constructed at ENIS. The researchers have gathered data on the environmental temperature, distribution of the temperature, air velocity and the power output generated by the turbine, the solar radiation and the gap of temperature in the collector of the prototype.

Hazardous Waste Management and Health Risks presents a systematic overview of evaluating solid and hazardous waste management practices. The book introduces readers to the basic principles of hazardous waste management and progresses into related topics that allow managers to assess environmental quality. These topics include heavy metal pollution, reproductive biomarkers as signals of environmental pressure and health risks, and environmental contamination in an international perspective. With an emphasis on sustainable development throughout the text, a zero-waste strategy as an alternative way to manage hazardous waste is suggested in a dedicated chapter. This reference book is intended as an introductory guide for managers taking waste management training courses and students involved in degree courses related to environmental engineering and management.

The discovery of new materials and the manipulation of their exotic properties for device fabrication is crucial for advancing technology. Nanoscience, and the creation of nanomaterials have taken materials science and electronics to new heights for the benefit of mankind. Advanced Materials and Nanosystems: Theory and Experiment covers several topics of nanoscience research. The compiled chapters aim to update students, teachers, and scientists by highlighting modern developments in materials science theory and experiments. The significant role of new materials in future technology is also demonstrated. The book serves as a reference for curriculum development in technical institutions and research programs in the field of physics, chemistry and applied areas of science like materials science, chemical engineering and electronics. This part covers 12 topics in these areas: 1. Recent advancements in nanotechnology: a human health Perspective 2. An exploratory study on characteristics of SWIRL of AlGaAs/GaAs in advanced bio based nanotechnological systems 3. Electronic structure of the half-Heusler ScAuSn, LuAuSn and their superlattice 4. Recent trends in nanosystems 5. Improvement of performance of single and multicrystalline silicon solar cell using low-temperature surface passivation layer and antireflection coating 6. Advanced materials and nanosystems 7. Effect of nanostructure-materials on optical properties of some rare earth ions doped in silica matrix 8. Nd2Fe14B and SmCO5: a permanent magnet for magnetic data storage and data transfer technology 9. Visible light induced photocatalytic activity of MWCNTS decorated sulfide based nano photocatalysts 10. Organic solar cells 11. Neodymium doped lithium borosilicate glasses 12. Comprehensive quantum mechanical study of structural features, reactivity, molecular properties and wave function-based characteristics of capmatinib

The book helps readers to understand the fundamentals of water purification processes. Chapters in the book cover industrial purification techniques, while also exploring the future scope and current challenges in this field. Key Features - seven chapters arranged and structured in a clear, coherent manner for understanding the broad topics. - Covers basic water purification techniques for safe drinking water - Covers defluoridation techniques - Explains the parameters affecting photocatalytic degradation of substituted benzoic acids. - Includes a case study for seasonal variations in pond water - Covers the role of nanotechnology in wastewater treatment - Covers the impact of water mismanagement on the environment with suggestions for preventive measures for sustainable water utilization This reference informs advanced readers (sustainable development professionals, post-graduate and research scholars) interested in water treatment processes. It also serves as a resource for courses in environmental chemistry, waste management and sustainability.