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In For Aulus Caecina, Cicero masterfully navigates the complexities of Roman legal proceedings, employing a sophisticated rhetoric that intertwines personal appeal with legal argumentation. This oration, delivered in 69 BC, emerges within the broader context of Roman legal struggles and the political machinations of the late Republic. Ciceros eloquent prose not only serves his client, Aulus Caecina, but also reflects the intricacies of Roman society, morality, and the art of persuasion. His style is characterized by a careful balance of pathos and logos, skillfully engaging the audiences emotions while providing substantive legal reasoning. Marcus Tullius Cicero, a statesman, philosopher, and orator, dedicated much of his life to understanding and preserving the principles of justice in a tumultuous Republic. His extensive experience in the political arena, including his renowned consulship and his role as a legal advocate, profoundly influenced his perspectives on law and morality. Ciceros writings capture his passionate defense of the Roman Republics ideals and his belief in the Senates role in governance, all of which culminate in the pressing need to advocate for justice as demonstrated in this oration. For any reader interested in the foundations of Western rhetoric, law, and political philosophy, For Aulus Caecina is an indispensable text. Ciceros argumentation not only provides insight into the specifics of Roman law but also resonates with contemporary themes of justice and civic duty. This work is a testament to the enduring power of eloquence in the pursuit of justice, making it essential reading for scholars, students, and anyone enthralled by the art of persuasion.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In "To the Citizens on Gnaeus Pompeiuss Command," Marcus Tullius Cicero offers a compelling examination of Roman politics during a time of great turmoil. Written in 66 BC, the work merges Ciceros rhetorical prowess with an astute political analysis, emphasizing the importance of governance under Gnaeus Pompeius. This piece is notable for its stylistic elegance and persuasive techniques, reflecting the complexities of the Late Roman Republics socio-political landscape, while urging citizens to remain vigilant and engaged in civic duties. Ciceros mastery of oratory elevates the narrative, making it not only a pivotal historical document but also a profound exploration of moral responsibility in governance. Cicero, a renowned statesman, philosopher, and lawyer, crafted this work amidst the rising tensions between political factions in Rome. His deep-rooted belief in republicanism and his experience in the Roman Senate informed his writing. The backdrop of civil strife and his personal struggles against autocratic power provided a rich tapestry from which he weaved his thoughts on citizenship and the imperative of active engagement in governance. Readers interested in the intricacies of Roman history and political philosophy will find Ciceros discourse notably enlightening. "To the Citizens on Gnaeus Pompeiuss Command" serves as a crucial reminder of the responsibilities that come with citizenship, inviting reflection on contemporary issues of political engagement and civic duty.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In "Against Verres Divination against Quintus Caecilius," Cicero presents a compelling oration that exemplifies the intricacies of Roman rhetoric and law in the late Republic. The work serves as both a vigorous prosecution against the corrupt governor Verres and a profound exploration of divinations role in Roman society, blending legal arguments with philosophical reflection. Ciceros masterful command of language, rhetorical devices, and his adeptness at engaging the audience highlight the political and social tensions of his time, revealing the moral decline that paved the way for the fall of the Republic. The text intricately weaves together themes of justice, power, and ethics within a backdrop of political intrigue and public disillusionment. Marcus Tullius Cicero, the renowned Roman statesman, philosopher, and lawyer, wrote this work during his pivotal involvement in the legal battles of his era. Ciceros deep understanding of the law, coupled with his commitment to Republican ideals, motivated him to address the rampant corruption exemplified by Verres. His own experiences in the political arena and his anguish over the decline of civic virtue undoubtedly fueled the urgency and passion found within this text, making it a critical part of his legacy. For readers interested in the interplay between law and ethics, "Against Verres Divination against Quintus Caecilius" is an essential exploration of power and morality in Ancient Rome. Ciceros eloquence and analytical depth not only engage the reader but also provoke critical reflections on justice that remain relevant today. This work is indispensable for anyone seeking to understand the foundations of Western thought and the complexities of legal philosophy.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In his poignant "Fourth State of the Union Address," James Buchanan delivers a compelling examination of the political landscape of America during a time of deepening sectional divisions. Written in 1856, this address showcases Buchanans eloquent prose, infused with a sense of urgency and gravity as he navigates issues of statehood, slavery, and national discord. The address operates within the context of pre-Civil War America, offering insights into the tensions that ultimately culminated in one of the nations most turbulent eras. BuchananAos rhetoric captures the duality of hope and despair characterizing the political discourse of the time, reflecting his aspirations for unity against a backdrop of profound disagreement. James Buchanan, the 15th President of the United States, penned this address during a critical juncture in his presidency. His experiences as a former congressman and diplomat informed his views and strategies, particularly his belief in compromise as the pathway to national stability. His presidency faced relentless criticism for his passive approach to the mounting crisis, which further adds depth to the address as it acts not just as a political statement but as a reflection of his inner struggles with leadership. "Fourth State of the Union Address" is a must-read for anyone interested in the complexities of American history, political rhetoric, or the nuances of leadership during crisis. BuchananAos insights offer a lens through which readers can better understand the prelude to the Civil War, and his vision for America serves as a cautionary tale about the perils of disunity.

Andrew Jacksons "Fifth State of the Union Address" is a profound reflection on the political and social landscape of early 19th-century America. Delivered during a period of intense national development and burgeoning democratic ideals, the address exemplifies JacksonAos forceful and direct literary style, which emphasizes clarity and passion. Through this document, Jackson addresses critical issues such as the importance of unity, the plight of Native Americans, and the role of federal power versus states rights, framing them within the broader context of American identity and purpose. His rhetoric not only illuminates the challenges of his time but also serves as a foundational text for understanding the evolution of presidential addresses in the U.S. political tradition. Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the United States, was a pivotal figure whose experiences as a soldier, politician, and populist profoundly influenced his leadership philosophy. Growing up in a frontier society imbued him with a sense of rugged individualism and a populist ethos. His presidency was marked by significant controversies, including his policies toward Native Americans and his fierce opposition to the Bank of the United States, which inform the urgent tone and themes presented in this address. For scholars and casual readers alike, "Fifth State of the Union Address" is an indispensable text that offers critical insights into early American governance and the complexities of Jacksons vision for the nation. It serves as a compelling lens through which to examine the intersection of personal conviction and public policy, making it a must-read for those seeking to understand the roots of contemporary American political thought.

In his inaugural First State of the Union Address delivered on December 3, 1901, Theodore Roosevelt articulates a progressive vision for the American nation at the dawn of a new century. This seminal document reflects Roosevelts dynamic rhetorical style, marked by urgency and clarity, as he addresses pressing social issues, advocates for reforms, and underscores the responsibilities of citizenship. Set against the backdrop of a rapidly industrializing America, the address reveals RooseveltAos commitment to a more equitable society, highlighting themes such as trust-busting, labor rights, and conservation, forming a cornerstone for the Progressive Eras ideals. Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, was a multifaceted figure known for his robust personality and relentless drive for reform. His upbringing as a sickly child who grew into a vigorous outdoorsman, coupled with his academic pursuits in history and political science, imbued him with a profound understanding of the American character. These influences shaped his presidential policies and his approach to governance, motivating him to tackle the challenges of modernity with fervor and resolve. Readers will find Roosevelts First State of the Union Address an essential historical document that mirrors the aspirations and challenges of America in the early 20th century. Its themes resonate today, making it a relevant reading for anyone interested in political reform, American history, or the enduring legacy of Roosevelts leadership.

In "Citizenship in a Republic," Theodore Roosevelt presents a compelling treatise on the responsibilities of citizenship within a democratic society. Delivered as a speech at the Sorbonne in 1910, this work combines rhetorical elegance with a pragmatic call to action, reflecting the progressive values of the early 20th century. Roosevelt eloquently articulates the importance of character, civic engagement, and the moral duty of individuals in shaping a robust republic. Through rich historical examples and personal anecdotes, he contemplates the balance between individual rights and collective responsibility, urging citizens to embrace proactive participation in their governance. Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, was a complex figure whose life was deeply woven into the fabric of American history. Growing up amidst the challenges of a frail constitution, he cultivated a fierce spirit of resilience and leadership that later defined his political career. His dedication to reform and social justicefueled by his experiences in politics and his adventurous pursuitsimbued him with a unique perspective on democracy and civic virtue, ultimately leading him to articulate these themes in this seminal work. "Citizenship in a Republic" is an essential read for anyone interested in civic duty and the moral imperatives of democracy. Roosevelts impassioned call for active engagement resonates powerfully today, reminding readers that the health of a republic depends not solely on the institutions that govern but also on the character and commitment of its citizens. This book is both a historical artifact and a living document relevant to contemporary discussions on civic responsibility.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In "Against Repealing the Triennial Act," Archibald Hutcheson presents a compelling argument against the repeal of a pivotal legislative reform during a tumultuous period in British political history. Written in an incisive and persuasive style, Hutchesons treatise employs rhetorical flair and thoughtful logic, drawing on philosophical underpinnings of governance and democratic principles pertinent to the early 18th century. The text not only critiques the political motivations behind the proposed repeal but also highlights the significance of maintaining regular parliamentary sessions as a cornerstone of representative democracy. Hutchesons work can be situated within a broader discourse on political accountability and the evolution of British constitutionalism. Archibald Hutcheson, an influential figure in the Whig party, utilized his understanding of political theory and law to craft this impassioned defense. His active involvement in political discourse during a time when parliamentary supremacy was frequently contested profoundly shaped his perspective. HutchesonAos experiences and his commitment to ensuring that government remains answerable to the populace served as a catalyst for this incisive polemic. "Against Repealing the Triennial Act" is essential reading for students of political science, history, and law, offering perceptive insights into the struggles for representative governance. Hutchesons eloquence and fervor make this work not only an important historical document but also a timely reminder of the need for vigilance in the preservation of democratic ideals.

Theodore RooseveltAos "Fifth State of the Union Address" stands as a pivotal discourse in American political rhetoric, encapsulating the progressive ideals of the early 20th century. Delivered in 1905, this address articulates Roosevelts vision for a robust federal government that champions social justice, economic equity, and environmental stewardship. The prose is incisive and impassioned, employing persuasive techniques that reflect the eras burgeoning demands for reform. Contextually, it arises amid growing concerns about industrializations impact on society and the need for the government to intervene against corporate monopolies and social inequities. Roosevelt, the 26th President of the United States, was a man of action, shaping his political philosophy through personal experience and historical context. His tenure was marked by a profound dedication to public service, embodying the ethos of the Progressive Movement. A notable conservationist and vigorous advocate for labor rights, Roosevelts passionate approach to governance reflects his belief in AmericaAos potential for greatness through collective responsibility and moral integrity, uniquely positioning him to address pressing national issues. This address is essential for readers interested in the intersections of history, politics, and social reform. Roosevelts eloquence not only compels the audience towards a vision of progress but also remains remarkably relevant today, making this text a vital read for anyone seeking to understand the roots of modern American political thought.

In "The Mexican Problem," Clarence Walker Barron offers a penetrating analysis of the sociopolitical landscape of Mexico during the early 20th century, particularly in the context of American relations with its southern neighbor. Written in a clear and engaging style, Barrons work combines meticulous research with compelling narrative, examining the intertwined issues of economic inequality, social unrest, and national sovereignty. This book arrives amidst a significant period of modernization and revolution in Mexico, reflecting the complexities of a nation caught between tradition and progress, making it an essential read for those interested in Latin American studies and U.S.-Mexico relations. Clarence Walker Barron, a prominent journalist and scholar, drawn from his experiences in various socio-political climates, meticulously presents the hardships faced by the Mexican populace and the implications of U.S. foreign policy. Barrons background as an observer of economic and political systems informs his keen insights into the Mexican situation, illustrating his profound concern for social justice and equity which resonate throughout his work. His commitment to addressing pressing social issues informs his well-structured arguments and potent observations. I highly recommend "The Mexican Problem" to students, scholars, and general readers alike who seek a nuanced understanding of early 20th-century Mexico and its relevance today. Barrons work serves not only as a historical document but as a crucial commentary that invites reflection on enduring issues of power, identity, and human rights. It is an indispensable resource for anyone seeking to comprehend the broader implications of Mexicos struggles and the context of its relationship with the United States.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A comprehensive Introduction outlines these selected works unifying features, themes, or stylistic evolutions.- A Historical Context section situates the works in their broader erasocial currents, cultural trends, and key events that underpin their creation.- A concise Synopsis (Selection) offers an accessible overview of the included texts, helping readers navigate plotlines and main ideas without revealing critical twists.- A unified Analysis examines recurring motifs and stylistic hallmarks across the collection, tying the stories together while spotlighting the different works strengths.- Reflection questions inspire deeper contemplation of the authors overarching message, inviting readers to draw connections among different texts and relate them to modern contexts.- Lastly, our handpicked Memorable Quotes distill pivotal lines and turning points, serving as touchstones for the collections central themes.

In "Mr. J. S. Mill on Personal Representation," John Stuart Mill articulates a compelling case for the reform of electoral systems, emphasizing the importance of individual representation within the political framework. Written in a clear, analytical style, Mills treatise navigates the complexities of democracy, advocating for a model that balances individual rights with collective governance. Drawing upon a melange of philosophical traditions, including utilitarianism, Mill challenges the traditional notions of representation which often prioritize party allegiance over personal accountability, illustrating how a more direct form of personal representation can contribute to a more engaged and informed electorate. John Stuart Mill, a 19th-century philosopher and political economist, is renowned for his contributions to liberal thought and social theory. His personal experiences, including his upbringing in a rigorously intellectual household and his profound engagement with the socio-political movements of his time, shaped his views on democracy and governance. Mills advocacy for individual freedoms and representative reforms emerged from a dedication to empirical observation and ethical reasoning, resonating deeply with the reformist zeitgeist of the Victorian era. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in political theory, democratic reform, or the history of liberal thought. Mills insights into personal representation not only challenge contemporary political structures but also provide a prescriptive framework for revitalizing democratic participation. His arguments remain poignant and relevant, making this work a vital addition to the discourse on democratic governance.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In "Considerations on Representative Government," John Stuart Mill meticulously explores the intricacies of democratic governance and the principles that underpin effective representation. Written during the mid-19th century, a period marked by burgeoning democratic ideals, Mill employs a clear yet profound literary style that balances philosophical rigor with accessible prose. He critically analyzes the efficacy of various governmental forms, advocating for a representative system that encourages active citizenship and addresses the moral implications of governance on society. Through a blend of ethical reasoning and empirical observation, Mill articulates the significance of individual freedoms and the necessity for a government that reflects the will of the people while safeguarding minority rights. As a philosopher, political economist, and advocate for social reform, Mills own intellectual journey deeply influences his writing. Growing up in a family of prominent utilitarians, his exposure to radical political thought and his advocacy for womens suffrage and social equity shaped his views on governance. Mills extensive education and engagement with contemporary thinkers allowed him to thoughtfully critique and expand upon existing democratic frameworks, leading to a timeless examination of representative systems. I highly recommend "Considerations on Representative Government" to anyone interested in political theory, democracy, and ethics. Mills astute observations remain relevant today, prompting readers to reflect on the nature of representation and the responsibilities of both citizens and their governments. This work not only enhances our understanding of political dynamics but also inspires critical discourse on how to realize a just society.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

Woodrow Wilsons The New Freedom is a seminal work that encapsulates the political philosophy and vision of the former President of the United States. Written in a lucid and persuasive style, Wilson explores the ideas of revitalizing the American economy, promoting social justice, and combating the influence of big business in shaping government policies. The book is a significant contribution to the progressive movement of the early 20th century, offering a blueprint for a more equitable and democratic society. With insightful analysis and compelling arguments, Wilson advocates for a more active role of government in ensuring the freedom and well-being of all citizens. Woodrow Wilson, a scholar and statesman, drew inspiration from his experiences as President and his background in political science to articulate his vision in The New Freedom. His deep understanding of the complexities of government and society enabled him to craft a compelling narrative that continues to resonate with readers today. I highly recommend The New Freedom to readers interested in American history, political philosophy, and the intersection of government and society. Wilsons scholarly analysis and visionary ideas offer valuable insights into the challenges and possibilities of democratic governance.

Cada banca examinadora tem caracteristicas proprias em relacao aos seguintes aspectos: a) maneira de apresentar as perguntas, b) tecnicas utilizadas para di cultar a resolucao das questoes, c) teses juridicas preferidas, d) tipo de doutrina utilizada e e) temas preferidos, recorrentes e reputados mais importantes. Essa identidade e bem acentu- ada em se tratando do CESPE.Trata-se de uma organizadora que elabora exames bem diferentes das demais. O CESPE costuma ser bem original em todos os aspectos mencionados e fazer perguntas de alto grau de dificuldade, sendo comum, inclusive, a repeticao de questoes, com certas modi cacoes, em exames seguintes.E por isso que a presente obra e indispensavel para voce que deseja ser aprovado no exame do CESPE. A partir da resolucao de todas as questoes presentes no livro, voce entrara em contato com o jeito, as tecnicas, as teses juridicas, a doutrina e os temas preferidos e recorrentes da examinadora, o que, certamente, sera decisivo para a sua aprovacao.

This is a unique legal collection comprised of the most important U.S. Civil Rights Acts and Supreme Court decisions considering racial discrimination. Ideals, hopes and dreams of Nat Turner, Dred Scott, Martin Luther King and many other activists who fought for equality, are built in the legislative work presented in this edition. Whether you are a law student or a person interested in civil rights and concerned about equality, "Path Towards Equality" will provide you with insight into one of the most controversial issues of the American society.Table of Contents:Emancipation Proclamation & Gettysburg Address (1863)Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (1865)Civil Rights Act of 1866Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (1868)Reconstruction Acts (1867-1868)Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (1870)Enforcement Act of 1870The First Enforcement Act of 1871 (to enforce the rights of citizens of the United States to vote in the several States of this Union)The Second Enforcement Act of 1871 (Ku Klux Klan Act)Civil Rights Act of 1875Executive Order 9981 (1948)Voting Rights Law of 1965Executive Order 11246 (1965)Fair Housing Act (1968)United States Code Title 18 Chapter 13 (1968, 1976, 1988, 1994, 2009)The Community Reinvestment Act (1977)Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act (2007)Case Law:Strauder v. West Virginia (1880)Buchanan v. Warley (1917)Shelley v. Kraemer (1948)Sweatt v. Painter (1950)Brown v. Board of Education (1954)Boynton v. Virginia (1960)Heart of Atlanta Motel Inc. v. United States (1964)Loving v. Virginia (1967)Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. (1968)Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)Batson v. Kentucky (1986)

This carefully crafted ebook: "The Political Works of Daniel Defoe" is formatted for your eReader with a functional and detailed table of contents:The True-Born EnglishmanAn Essay upon ProjectsThe Complete English TradesmanEverybodys Business Is Nobodys BusinessSecond Thoughts are BestThe Shortest Way with the DissentersAnd What if the Pretender Should Come?An Answer to a Question that Nobody Thinks ofA Humble Proposal to the People of EnglandReasons against the Succession of the House of HanoverA Seasonable Warning and Caution against the Insinuations of Papists and Jacobites in Favour of the PretenderThe creator of Robinson Crusoe, Daniel Defoe was quite politically active and that activism even resulted with his arrest, placement in a pillory and imprisoning. His most successful poem, The True-Born Englishman is a political satire that defends the king against the perceived xenophobia of his enemies, satirizing the English claim to racial purity. Defoes notable publication, An Essay upon Projects, is a series of proposals for social and economic improvement. The Complete English Tradesman is an example of Defoes political works. He discusses the role of the tradesman in England in comparison to tradesmen internationally, arguing that the British system of trade is far superior. The work that finally got him arrested was a pamphlet The Shortest-Way with the Dissenters, which ruthlessly satirized the High church Tories and the Dissenters. Besides these, Defoe published a great number of political essays, pamphlets and tracts.Daniel Defoe (1660 1731), was an English writer, journalist, and spy, most famous for his novel Robinson Crusoe. Defoe is noted for being one of the earliest proponents of the novel, and he is considered one of the founders of the English novel.

This carefully crafted ebook: "The Collected Political Works: Leviathan + De Cive (On the Citizen) + The Elements of Law + Behemoth, or The Long Parliament " contains 4 books in one volume and is formatted for your eReader with a functional and detailed table of contents. The Collected Political Works, written by Thomas Hobbes, described his views on how humans could thrive in harmony while avoiding the perils and fear of societal conflict. His experience during a time of upheaval in England influenced his thoughts, which he captured in The Elements of Law , De Cive (On the Citizen), Behemoth, or The Long Parliament and his most famous work, Leviathan. Leviathan, published in 1651, concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples of social contract theory. Written during the English Civil War (16421651), Leviathan argues for a social contract and rule by an absolute sovereign. Hobbes wrote that civil war and situations identified with a state of nature and the famous motto Bellum omnium contra omnes ("the war of all against all") could only be averted by strong central government. De Cive (On the citizen) was Hobbess first published book of political philosophy.

Con las palabras "Ahora siento que hay algo pesado en todo", Bodo Ramelow describió el 1 de septiembre de 2013 el estado de ánimo social en Alemania unas semanas antes de las elecciones al Bundestag. En ese momento, Ramelow aun era el lider del grupo parlamentario del Partido DIE LINKE en el Parlamento de Turingia. Con su "sensacion", Ramelow, nacido el 16 de febrero de 1956 en Osterholz-Scharmbeck, Baja Sajonia, no estaba solo. "Plumbeo" no solo parecia ser el estado de animo en la sociedad, la propia sociedad amenazaba con ser aplastada por muchos bajo un peso plumbeo. En aquellos dias, la ultima ratio de la politica alemana se habia reducido al dogma de la inevitableidad y los gobernantes reclamaban de manera grotesca una infalibilidad politica. En diversas coaliciones, habian sometido la actuacion del Estado al paradigma del neoliberalismo y abogado por la globalizacion radical del mercado. Trataron su responsabilidad social hacia el individuo, la sociedad y la naturaleza como una nota a pie de pagina en la historia. Asi se allano el camino para la concentracion de la riqueza en cada vez menos manos. Muchas personas comenzaron a oponerse al dictado de la supuesta inevitabilidad. Los decepcionados se alejaron de los partidos gubernamentales. No pocos terminaron en grupos de extrema derecha. En este context, el entrevistador mantuvo la siguiente conversacion con Bodo Ramelow. Antes de las elecciones al Bundestag de 2013, se pretendia averiguar en que medida el partido DIE LINKE. tenia un concepto para ganar a aquellos decepcionados por la politica de los partidos gubernamentales para una sociedad democratica y emancipadora. Pocos meses despues de la entrevista, Bodo Ramelow se convirtio en el primer Ministro Presidente del partido DIE LINKE. en un estado federado aleman. Los resultados de las elecciones al Bundestag de 2013 abrian la posibilidad matematicamente de una coalicion de gobierno rojo-rojo-verde. Sin embargo, las cosas tomaron otro rumbo.

A experiência diz que aquele que quer ser aprovado deve fazer três coisas: a) entender a teoria; b) ler a letra da lei, e c) treinar. A teoria é vista em cursos e livros à disposição no mercado. O pr

A experiência diz que aquele que quer ser aprovado deve cumprir três objetivos: a) entender a teoria; b) ler a letra da lei, e c) treinar. A teoria é vista em cursos e livros à disposição do candidat