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The Industrial Revolution provided the greatest increase in living standards the world has ever known while propelling Britain to dominance on the global stage. In Forging Modernity, Martin Hutchinson looks at how and why Britain gained this prize ahead of its European competitors. After comparing their endowments and political structures as far back as 1600, he then traces how Britain, through better policies primarily from the political Tory party, diverged from other European countries. Hutchinsons Harvard MBA allows a unique perspective on the early industrial enterprises - many successes resulted from marketing, control systems and logistics rather than from production technology alone, while on a national scale the scientific method and commercial competition were as important as physical infrastructure. By 1830, through ever-improving policies, Britain had built a staggering industrial lead, half a century ahead of its rivals. Then the Tories lost power and policy changed forever. In his conclusion, Hutchinson shows how changes welcomed by conventional historians caused the decline of Industrial Britain. Nevertheless, the policies that drove growth, ingenuity and rising living standards are still available for those bold enough to adopt them.

Professor C.O. Brinks English Classical Scholarship is the first sustained treatment since the early years of this century of the historical development of English classical scholarship. Brink shows the effect of the Italian Renaissance on nascent English scholarship and examines the contribution made by 17th century scholars such as Bishop Pearson and Thomas Gataker. He deals at length with the life of Richard Bentley, his troubled careers master of Trinity College, Cambridge, and above all the immenseadvances he made in classical studies, which were in turn developed by Richard Porson. He also shows how, paradoxically, in the Victorian era, while a classical education was seen as the key to advancement, classical scholarship almost wholly stagnated. Although the tradition of Bentley and Porson all but disappeared in England, it was nurtured by the great German scholars of the nineteenth century. It was only with the work of A. E. Housman that the tradition of the greatest classical scholars returned to its native land and Professor Brink shows how it began again to make a contribution to the European fund.

Scholar, ecclesiastic, teacher and poet of the eighth century, Alcuin was a person of deep Christian faith, tenacious in his loyalty to orthodox Catholic theology. He had a seminal influence upon his own generation and those that came after him. Althoughhe remained a Northumbrian Christian at heart, the part of his life about which most is known was spent on the Continent. He never lost contact with his homeland; but his most significant and lasting work was evidently accomplished in Europe and his influence on the early medieval Western Church was an abiding one. This book examines his life and career in England and on the continent; it also considers his legacy as a churchman and a leading political figure. This volume prefigures a forthcoming work onAlcuins intellectual legacy, Alcuin : A Study of his Theology (due for release, April 2013). This rich study is intended for the general reader as well as for those studying, teaching or researching this period of early medieval history and theology in schools and universities.

Scholar, ecclesiastic, teacher and poet of the eighth century, Alcuin was a person of deep Christian faith, tenacious in his loyalty to orthodox Catholic theology. He had a seminal influence upon his own generation and those that came after him. Althoughhe remained a Northumbrian Christian at heart, the part of his life about which most is known was spent on the Continent. He never lost contact with his homeland; but his most significant and lasting work was evidently accomplished in Europe and his influence on the early medieval Western Church was an abiding one. This book examines his life and career in England and on the continent; it also considers his legacy as a churchman and a leading political figure. This volume prefigures a forthcoming work onAlcuins intellectual legacy, Alcuin : A Study of his Theology (due for release, April 2013). This rich study is intended for the general reader as well as for those studying, teaching or researching this period of early medieval history and theology in schools and universities.

To gain an accurate view of medieval Judaism, one must look through the eyes of Jews and their contemporaries. First published in 1938, Jacob Rader Marcuss classic source book on medieval Judaism provides the documents and historical narratives which let the actors and witnesses of events speak for themselves. The medieval epoch in Jewish history begins around the year 315, when the emperor Constantine began enacting disabling laws against the Jews, rendering them second-class citizens. In the centuries following, Jews enjoyed (or suffered under) legislation, either chosen or forced by the state, which differed from the laws for the Christian and Muslim masses. Most states saw the Jews as simply a tolerated group, even when given favorable privileges. The masses often disliked them. Medieval Jewish history presents a picture wherein large patches are characterized by political and social disabilities. Marcus closes the medieval Jewish age (for Western Jewry) in 1791 with the proclamation of political and civil emancipation in France. The 137 sources included in the anthology include historical narratives, codes, legal opinions, martyrologies, memoirs, polemics, epitaphs, advertisements, folk-tales, ethical and pedagogical writings, book prefaces and colophons, commentaries, and communal statutes. These documents are organized in three sections: The first treats the relation of the State to the Jew and reflects the civil and political status of the Jew in the medieval setting. The second deals with the profound influence exerted by the Catholic and Protestant churches on Jewish life and well-being. The final section presents a study of the Jew "at home," with four sub-divisions with treat the life of the medieval Jew in its various aspects. Marcus presents the texts themselves, introductions, and lucid notes. Marc Saperstein offers a new introduction and updated bibliography.

The Penn Museum has a long and storied history of research and archaeological exploration in the ancient Middle East. This book highlights this rich depth of knowledge while also serving as a companion volume to the Museums signature Middle East Galleries opening in April 2018. This edited volume includes chapters and integrated short, focused pieces from Museum curators and staff actively involved in the detailed planning of the new galleries. In addition to highlighting the most remarkable and interesting objects in the Museums extraordinary Middle East collections, this volume illuminates the primary themes within these galleries (make, settle, connect, organize, and believe) and provides a larger context within which to understand them. The ancient Middle East is home to the first urban settlements in human history, dating to the fourth millennium BCE; therefore, tracing this move toward city life figures prominently in the book. The topic of urbanization, how it came about and how these early steps still impact our daily lives, is explored from regional and localized perspectives, bringing us from Mesopotamia (Ur, Uruk, and Nippur) to Islamic and Persianate cites (Rayy and Isfahan) and, finally, connecting back to life in modern Philadelphia. Through examination of topics such as landscape, resources, trade, religious belief and burial practices, daily life, and nomads, this very important human journey is investigated both broadly and with specific case studies.

Warrior, mighty builder, and statesman, over the course of his 67-year-long reign (1279-1212 BCE), Ramesses II achieved more than any other pharaoh in the three millennia of ancient Egyptian civilization. Drawing on the latest research, Peter Brand reveals Ramesses the Great as a gifted politician, canny elder statesman, and tenacious warrior. With restless energy, he fully restored the office of Pharaoh to unquestioned levels of prestige and authority, thereby bringing stability to Egypt. He ended almost seven decades of warfare between Egypt and the Hittite Empire by signing the earliest international peace treaty in recorded history. In his later years, even as he outlived many of his own children and grandchildren, Ramesses II became a living god and finally, an immortal legend. With authoritative knowledge and colorful details Brand paints a compelling portrait of this legendary Pharaoh who ruled over Imperial Egypt during its Golden Age.

The breadth of Werner Weinbergs scholarship was prodigious, yielding monographs on ancient Hebrew epigraphy and biblical exegesis; the syntax of Rabbinic Hebrew; medieval grammars; and numerous studies on various aspects of Modern Hebrew. Both Weinberg and Lisl, his wife, survived internment at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. This collection of essays reprinted here, a little more than three decades after it first appeared, conveys Weinbergs ongoing struggle to put into words something that might offer understanding to post-Holocaust generations. But they are also about a survivors own desire for meaning and sense in a senseless world. Most essays are framed around a series of questions which constitute Weinbergs "prison," and each time he attempts to pass through its portal, he finds himself "held back at the threshold." Self-Portrait of a Holocaust Survivor fuses together Weinbergs most personal reflections alongside careful analysis by an erudite theologian fully-versed in traditional Jewish sources and historiography. He moves between resisting and acquiescing to the implications of Bergen-Belsen, never shying away from the most painful questions about God, morality, virtue, and the individuals potential to do good. While today there is a vast literature penned by holocaust survivors and historians, this collection grapples with the concept of survivorship from a unique perspective.

Este libro estaba pensado como el tomo II de la Historia religiosa de Rusia y sus imperios que va desde el año 988 hasta el fin de la Unión Soviética. El inicio de la segunda fase de la guerra de agresion rusa contra Ucrania, en 2022, impuso una nueva lectura del material acumulado por el autor desde 1988. Si bien es cierto que los gobiernos de la Federacion de Rusia nunca renunciaron a su "mision" imperial, no es menos cierto que los sujetos del Imperio no renunciaron a su independencia, incluso al costo de la guerra. En ese conflicto belico la dimension religiosa esta presente, algo que puede sorprender si uno piensa que Rusia, Georgia y Ucrania son pueblos de mayoria ortodoxa. Para entender la presencia del factor religioso, el autor analiza de manera detallada y profunda el crecimiento institucional de la Iglesia ortodoxa rusa y su alianza estrecha con los gobiernos de Yeltsin y Putin, y con las Fuerzas Armadas de la Federacion de Rusia, contrastando las diferencias en las practicas religiosas de los ortodoxos rusos y ucranianos.

Investigación multidisciplinaria que ofrece una discusión y síntesis detalladas y actualizadas sobre diferentes temas relacionados con el Imperio inca. Este volumen recoge veintitrés capítulos escritos desde la arqueologia, historia del arte, genetica humana y linguistica en los que se discuten aspectos como los quipus, el culto a la montaña, la arquitectura, el arte y la genetica de los incas. Esta publicacion examina al Imperio como un todo integrado y analiza su organizacion y sus interacciones desde el Ecuador hasta Chile y Argentina pasando por el Peru. Este libro tambien se enfoca en la evolucion historica del Imperio desde el periodo Intermedio Tardio hasta sus dias finales y legados historicos.

Na década de 1930, mulheres e homens da Grã-Bretanha, da Europa e dos Estados Unidos foram para a Espanha para participar do que consideravam uma luta histórica pela libertação do fascismo: a Guerra

The aim of this book is to provide missing details of the Syrian revolution in 2011, and to clear up the prevailing misconception about the war in Syria. I offer in this book a different approach to observing the Syrian revolution by dividing it into phases, and using more preciseterms. Thus I have divided the Syrian revolution into three phases:1) Revolution from below, where popular and peaceful uprising was the mainstream character of the Syrian revolution; 2) Internal war, where mutual violence was spread formally and nationally after the formation of the Free Syrian Army (FSA); 3) Holy war (Jihad), where most revolutionaries have turned into national Jihadists accompanied with the arrival of global Jihadists to Syria to fight the Assad regime, and to establish the Islamic State (Caliphate). Furthermore, the rising and elapse of ISIS is investigated comprehensively in this book.I use the term internal war rather than civil war in order to be more specific in analyzing the war in Syria. Also, the international relations of the Syrian revolution occupies considerable part of this book. The behavior of states and sub-state actors regionally and internationally, and the stance of the international organizations towards the Syrian revolution are critically examined. In addition, the massacres and war crimes which have been committed by Bashar Assad, Iran, and their militias against the people in Syria are well documented in this book.

A ideia de renúncia sexual, dentro das experiências cristãs no Mundo Antigo, construiu-se no decorrer dos primeiros séculos e teve sua culminância no final do quarto século E.C. De fato, na segunda m

Il libro nasce dalla volonta di lasciare una testimonianza di gratitudine verso coloro che combatterono con dedizione e valore, fino allestremo sacrificio. Un tributo di riconoscenza verso quei soldati, marinai, avieri, che hanno fatto parte del Regio Corpo Truppe Coloniali, meglio conosciuti con il nome di ascari, che con il loro ardore, affetto, generosita e determinazione si distinsero per il loro comportamento e coraggio e che furono insigniti di una o piu medaglie al Valor Militare. Lopera contiene oltre 21.500 nominativi con le motivazioni delle decorazioni; la galleria delle immagini delle medaglie, grazie alla collaborazione di amici e collezionisti, contiene circa 80 medaglie mentre la galleria delle immagini depoca e ricca di oltre 120 foto. Il vero cuore di questa seconda edizione e la sezione delle statistiche dei conferimenti riportata alla fine del volume che ha permesso di poter estrarre da questo enorme data base i dati utili a poter consegnare al lettore delle informazioni che mai nessuno prima ha avuto la possibilita di redigere.

Un testo che riprende la tradizione delle analisi economiche e sociali del passato recente, utilizzando una fonte originale straordinaria: il catasto del Comune medievale di Chieri del 1253. Si scopre cosi quale fosse la distribuzione della terra, della proprieta immobiliare urbana, lalimentazione, la distribuzione del denaro, il paesaggio agrario e tanti altri aspetti della vita della Chieri del XIII secolo.

Was there a horse sense in the medieval period? Why did word-licking dogs inhabit manuscript borders? The seven intriguing articles in this publication explore animals on the edge and the boundaries between humans and animals. These articles provide insights into the discussions in animal studies and medieval studies about the multiple roles of medieval fauna, challenging our understanding of how animals were understood in the Middle Ages. The authors of the articles demonstrate how humans have always constructed animals but also have been constructed by animals. The examples are drawn from manuscripts, fables, textual and visual accounts, as well as material culture. This publication raises interesting aspects about the profound and ambiguous relationship between animals and humans, edges and boundaries, hybridity and anthropomorphism, ideas and identities.

Reckoning with the Colonial Past to Bring Justice to the Present As White settlers spread across North America, they crafted and enacted an epic story of their God-given dominionover the land, over Indigenous nations, and over the future. Their narrative constructed a myth of innocence that justified a massive program of violence and dispossession by suppressing a darker history. That history still reverberates today, from settler Americas relations with the Indigenous nations of the United States to ways the land has been commodified as property. Its time for the whole truth to be told.In Undoing Manifest Destiny, L. Daniel Hawk exposes the belief systems and practices that settlers developed to justify the displacement, destruction, and cultural erasure of Indigenous peoples, beginning in the early American colonial period and extending to the present day. Writing as the descendant of White settlers and as a biblical scholar, he challenges settler Christians to uncover what the settler narrative denies and to work toward addressing historic injustices.In this book, Hawk combines settler colonial theory, historical analysis, and Christian theology to examine how settler America sought to erase Indigenous presence from lands taken by the United States and its colonial predecessors; offers a decolonizing perspective that challenges the church to acknowledge its complicity with the colonial project and to enter into dialogue directed toward setting things right; and highlights contemporary manifestations of colonialism in US interactions with its Indigenous citizens, demonstrating that past issues are still present and need to be addressed today. Hawk asserts that Christians were complicit with programs of erasure, and so Christians are called to confront and heal their residue today. Joining historical research with theology and biblical scholarship, Hawk helps us recognize the myths that shape the American imagination and to engage our faith for a better way forward.This book is an invaluable resource for scholars, educators, students, and readers invested in areas such as post- and de-colonial studies, race and ethnicity, United States history, and social justice. Deepen your understanding of history, confront unsettling truths, and work toward justice and healing with Undoing Manifest Destiny.

Jernalderen rkker over hele 1500 r af vores historie. Det er lngere tid, end hele den efterflgende historie op til i dag; Middelalder og nyere tid. Jernalderen er en gigantisk mundfuld. Denne bog giver et let-overskueligt overblik, over jernalderens perioder, fra bronzealderens afslutning, til kristningen af Norden. Magt, krige, kultur, religion, teknologi, tnkning og meget, meget mere.Her fr du historien om Skandinaviens stammer og landes oprindelse. Danere, Jyder, Sveer m.fl. En historie, der kan ikke fortlles, uden ogs at kigge p resten af Europas historie i denne tid. For de pvirkede os, og vi pvirkede dem. S her fr du ogs historien om grkerne, romerne, goterne, hunnerne, frankerne, angel-sakserne og alle de andre stammer, forbund, kulturer og imperier, der formede jernalderen og lagde grunden til vor tids Europa. Jernalderen er ogs en tid med store religise nybrud. Tiden, hvor monoteistiske religioner som Kristendommen og Islam opstr, p baggrund af en verden af utallige andre religioner, myter og guder; Det grsk-romerske pantheon, de mystiske keltiske og germanske guder. Og ikke mindst, de gdefulde Aser, der hersker i Norden i 600 r; Freja, Frigg, Odin, Tyr, Thor og Loke m.fl. Dette er ogs tiden, hvor nyere fantasy forfattere som J.J.R. Tolkien og George R.R. Martin henter inspiration, til de helt store fortllinger om magi, svrd, blod og re. En inspiration mange har trukket p fr, i den tidlige middelalders mytiske legender om kong Arthur, Parcifal, Den Hellige Gral og vores egen legendariske Holger Danske. Det hele begynder i jernalderen.

El pack incluye dos volúmenes: 1. Triunfo de Adolf Hitler, sueños de conquista; 2. Guerra y derrota.Ésta es la historia brutalmente objetiva de cómo Hitler logró el control político de Alemania y llevo a cabo su plan de dominar el mundo en seis años, para finalmente ver a Alemania perecer bajo las llamas. El repentino colapso del Tercer Reich en la primavera de 1945 trajo consigo la entrega de un vasto volumen de sus documentos secretos y otros materiales de valor incalculable: diarios privados, discursos altamente secretos, informes de conferencias e incluso resumenes de conversaciones telefonicas de los jefes nazis. La combinacion de esa cantidad ingente de documentos historicos y los recuerdos personales de William L. Shirer diferencia a este libro de todos los demas y lo convierte en uno de los grandes trabajos historicos de todas las epocas. Esta lectura sera distinta de todas las demas sobre el mismo tema. Sera una experiencia rica y gratificante para todo el que se haya preguntado como fue posible que alguna vez llegara a existir esta amenaza para la civilizacion, y lo que es peor, como duro tanto tiempo.