La intención de este volumen es la de profundizar desde varias perspectivas la temática de la modalidad. De ahí que los artículos reunidos nos mencionen nociones como la necesidad, la contingencia y la posibilidad desde varias especialidades filosoficas. La modalidad ha fecundado los estudios logicos en los ultimos años, abre debates inconclusos en filosofia y proporciona alternativas conceptuales cuyo poder explicativo no ha sido explotado por completo. Es por ello, por lo que el Ars Logicorum 3 presenta un crisol de maneras de entender la modalidad desde autores como Aristoteles, Santo Tomas, Stalnaker, Lewis, la semantica y el problema de Newcomb.

O Peri Hermeneias de Apuleio de Madauros é o mais antigo tratado latino de lógica formal que conhecemos. Não se trata de uma mera compilação de textos, mas de uma síntese bem urdida, dotada de reflex

Marcus AureliusMeditations is a collection of personal writings that reflect the Stoic philosophy of the Roman Emperor. Written in the form of 12 books, this philosophical work offers profound insights on ethics, self-discipline, and resilience in the face of adversity. The literary style of Meditations is introspective and reflective, as Aurelius explores themes of rationality and virtue in a concise and meditative manner. The book is considered a classic of Stoic literature and continues to influence readers today with its timeless wisdom. It is a testament to Aurelius philosophical depth and his contemplative approach to lifes challenges. Meditations is a must-read for those interested in ancient philosophy and seeking practical guidance on living a virtuous life in a tumultuous world.

In Forallx - An Introduction to Formal Logic by P.D. Magnus, readers are introduced to the complex world of formal logic through a carefully curated selection of topics that cover everything from truth tables to quantifiers. The books clear and concise writing style makes it accessible to both beginners and seasoned logic enthusiasts alike, with plenty of examples and exercises to help solidify understanding. Magnus pays special attention to the historical and philosophical context of formal logic, providing readers with a comprehensive foundation in the subject. P.D. Magnus, a philosophy professor known for his expertise in logic and metaphysics, brings a wealth of knowledge and experience to Forallx. His passion for teaching and dedication to making difficult concepts understandable shines through in this book, making it an invaluable resource for students and scholars alike. I highly recommend Forallx - An Introduction to Formal Logic to anyone interested in delving into the fascinating world of logic. Whether youre a beginner looking to build a strong foundation or an experienced logician seeking to deepen your understanding, this book is sure to enlighten and inspire.

Herbert Ernest Cushmans A Beginners History of Philosophy (Vol. 1&2) is an essential introduction to the world of philosophy, offering a comprehensive overview of key philosophical ideas and thinkers. Cushman skillfully navigates through the complex history of philosophy, presenting the material in a clear and accessible manner suitable for beginners. The inclusion of both volumes ensures that readers are equipped with a well-rounded understanding of the evolution of philosophical thought. Cushmans writing style is engaging and informative, making this book a valuable resource for anyone interested in exploring the foundations of philosophy. The book is enriched with detailed explanations and thought-provoking insights that invite readers to delve deeper into the subject matter. This work is a valuable contribution to the field of philosophy, offering a solid foundation for further study and reflection.

El libro Sofista escrito por Platón es una obra filosófica que se centra en el tema de la verdad y el conocimiento. La obra se sitúa en el contexto de la filosofía platónica y se caracteriza por su estilo dialectico y profundo analisis de conceptos abstractos. A traves de dialogos entre personajes, Platon explora la naturaleza de la realidad y la percepcion humana, desafiando las nociones preestablecidas sobre la verdad. Platon, uno de los filosofos mas influyentes de la Antigua Grecia, se dedico a explorar temas como la etica, la politica y la epistemologia a lo largo de su vida. Su formacion junto a Socrates y su posterior fundacion de la Academia lo llevaron a crear obras intemporales que siguen siendo estudiadas y debatidas en la actualidad. Recomiendo encarecidamente Sofista a aquellos lectores interesados en la filosofia antigua y en la exploracion de conceptos fundamentales sobre la verdad y la realidad. Este libro desafiara su pensamiento y los invitara a reflexionar sobre la naturaleza del conocimiento.

Forallx is an introduction to sentential logic and first-order predicate logic with identity, logical systems that significantly influenced twentieth-century analytic philosophy. After working through the material in this book, a student should be able to understand most quantified expressions that arise in their philosophical reading. This book treats symbolization, formal semantics, and proof theory for each language. The discussion of formal semantics is more direct than in many introductory texts. Although forall x does not contain proofs of soundness and completeness, it lays the groundwork for understanding why these are things that need to be proven. Contents: What is logic? Sentential logic Truth tables Quanti ed logic Formal semantics Proofs Other symbolic notation Solutions to selected exercises

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegels The Science of Logic is a monumental work in the realms of metaphysics and philosophical thought. Written in a dense and systematic style, Hegel delves into the nature of being, essence, and concept, exploring the intricacies of logic and its role in understanding the world. With a profound emphasis on dialectical reasoning, Hegel presents a dynamic and evolving understanding of reality, challenging readers to think deeply and critically about the nature of existence. This book is a cornerstone of Hegelian philosophy and a crucial read for anyone interested in delving into the complexities of metaphysics. Hegels writing is both rigorous and profound, offering readers a comprehensive guide to his philosophical system and challenging them to engage with complex ideas in a systematic way. The Science of Logic is a seminal work in the history of philosophy, and Hegels insights continue to influence and inspire scholars to this day.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegels Science of Logic is a groundbreaking work of philosophy that delves into the nature of reality and concepts. Written in an intricate and complex style, Hegel explores the logical development of ideas, moving from simple categories to more advanced concepts. This work is considered one of the most important philosophical works of the 19th century, influencing subsequent thinkers like Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Hegels careful examination of logic and philosophy in this text laid the groundwork for his later work on the philosophy of history. Through meticulous analysis and argumentation, Hegel challenges readers to reconsider their understanding of reason and knowledge. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, a German philosopher and one of the most influential thinkers of his time, was deeply engaged in the intellectual debates of his era. His Science of Logic reflects his commitment to exploring the fundamental nature of reality and thought. Hegels background in philosophy and academia provided him with the necessary tools to develop his intricate and systematic approach to logic. I highly recommend Science of Logic to readers interested in delving into the complexities of metaphysics and logic. Hegels groundbreaking work offers profound insights into the nature of reality and the development of concepts, making it essential reading for anyone interested in philosophy and intellectual history.

The Art of Controversy (or The Art of Being Right) is a collection of debate formulas written in 1831 by the German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer. In this book, the author presents methods of gaining an unfair advantage in a debate and thereby being right even if you are wrong. Schopenhauer is a champion in the dialectical argument; in his view, dialectics is wrongly neglected by philosophers in favor of logic. This work is a handbook of modern debaters like Prime Minister Boris Johnson.

Embark on a voyage of enlightenment with the entirety of Aristotles works at your fingertips. Traverse the intricate pathways of one of historys greatest minds, all within a single, definitive collection. "Knowledge is the end of all endeavor," and Aristotles musings embody a treasure trove of insights on ethics, logic, science, and the nature of existence itself. Elevate your perspective with writings that have, for centuries, brought joy in understanding, surprise in revelations, and comfort in wisdom. Revel in the prose that laid the groundwork for much of Western philosophy. Join thousands of thinkers who acclaim: "Aristotles teachings are not just theories; they are pillars of human understanding."Discover classic treatises such as:The probing inquiries of "Nicomachean Ethics."The foundational principles in "Metaphysics."The complexities of life in "Biology."And countless more that have shaped academic and philosophical discourses. Aristotles complete works are an academic marvel, a testament to the relentless human pursuit of knowledge.Transcend time and thought. Engage with ideas that have challenged, inspired, and evolved across millennia. Illuminate your mind. Download Aristotles wisdom NOW!

"É lógico?" ensina o que é e como construir um argumento demonstrativo tecnicamente correto, em um texto leve e fluente, que combina preocupação didática com precisão conceitual. Num mundo crescentem

ÍNDICE * PRESENTACIÓN * INTRODUCCIÓN * 1. ERRORES DE CANTOR, RUSSELL Y GÖDEL * 1.1 EL FALSO PARAÍSO DE CANTOR * 1.2 TRES FALSAS PARADOJAS * 1.3 LOS DOS TEOREMAS DE GÖDEL * 1.4 ¿CUÁNTOS NÚMEROS IRRACI

Se trata de diecinueve conferencias dictadas a lo largo de seis meses en 1976, propuestas como "lecciones de filosofía" a partir de la lectura y relectura de Platón y Aristóteles como las grandes fuentes de la filosofia occidental, en las cuales revisa algunos hitos en la construccion de la logica como argumentacion dentro del conocimiento, el saber, la ciencia y la verdad en el pensamiento de los filosofos desde entonces, en medio de las crisis sucesivas por las que pasaron sus respectivas epocas. Y ello porque su tesis central sobre las relaciones de la logica y la critica, esta centrada en la pregunta por como pensamos, cuando la crisis social nos desajusta respecto de nuestras seguridades basicas, y nos condiciona a asumir la logica como punto de partida del dialogo social o personal. Su minucioso recorrido por los grandes temas de la filosofia (el conocimiento como develamiento de la ignorancia, el "solo se que nada se" como punto de llegada y no el de partida de la reflexion; la mayeutica o dialogo como "dar a luz"; el abrirse al saber, no a la descripcion de las cosas desde los intereses y las ocurrencias; distinguir entre las apariencias y el ser, la ciencia y la verdad; identificar la relatividad del ser, los contextos y el sentido de argumentar, asociar y relacionar, descifrando las causalidades y las secuencias de la realidad; y comprender y valorar lo que deben ser la educacion y el conocimiento como amar al saber, al reconocer, al preguntar y pensar) Apasionante y didactico, frente a la complejidad de sus temas, este itinerario de lectura se convierte al mismo tiempo en un testimonio de vida y de rigor, en tanto despliega un juicioso proceso de trabajo en busca de comprender el mundo en medio de la crisis del pais y de la civilizacion occidental, en nuestro caso abierta desde los años 50 y 60 del siglo pasado. Como un Socrates contemporaneo, Zuleta va haciendo preguntas a partir de los Dialogos de Platon, hasta desembocar en la presentacion aristotelica de la mejor forma de argumentar, es decir, de pensar, en pos de la verdad, mas alla de querer seducir o convencer a alguien o a uno mismo dentro de sus prejuicios.

Aristotles Categories () is a seminal work in the field of philosophy, specifically in the area of ontology. In this treatise, Aristotle explores the nature of being and existence, categorizing different types of entities and their relationships. Written in a concise and systematic style, the book serves as a foundational text for understanding Aristotelian metaphysics. It delves into the fundamental principles of reality and offers a framework for analyzing the structure of the world. The Categories is a key work in the history of Western philosophy, influencing thinkers for centuries to come. Its rigorous logic and meticulous categorization set the standard for philosophical inquiry. As a philosophical text, its enduring relevance lies in its exploration of the nature of reality and the principles underlying it. It remains essential reading for anyone interested in metaphysics and ontology. Aristotles Categories is a timeless classic that continues to inspire and challenge readers to ponder the nature of existence.

Xenophons Symposion or The Banquet is a captivating and influential literary work that provides a detailed account of a philosophical conversation during a banquet. Written in a dialogue format, the book explores various aspects of love, friendship, and leadership, making it a significant piece of literature in the symposium genre. Xenophons engaging narrative style and insightful discussions reflect the intellectual and social context of ancient Greece, offering readers a glimpse into the philosophical debates of the time. The thematic depth and philosophical inquiries presented in the book contribute to its enduring relevance in the study of classical literature.

In A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive by John Stuart Mill, the author explores the principles of inductive reasoning and the methods of scientific inquiry. Written in a clear and precise style, the book delves into the importance of evidence and observation in forming logical conclusions. Mills work is considered a cornerstone in the field of logic and has greatly influenced the development of modern scientific methods. His analysis of deductive and inductive reasoning provides a comprehensive overview of the foundations of logic. John Stuart Mill, a renowned philosopher and political economist, was known for his contributions to utilitarianism and liberalism. His background in philosophy and social science led him to explore the principles of logic and reasoning in A System of Logic. Mills intellectual curiosity and dedication to rational thought are evident in this seminal work. I highly recommend A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive to readers interested in understanding the fundamental principles of reasoning and logic. Mills insightful analysis and clear prose make this book a valuable resource for anyone seeking to improve their understanding of logical thinking and scientific inquiry.

Carveth Reads Logic: Deductive and Inductive is a seminal work that explores the principles of both deductive and inductive reasoning, providing a comprehensive guide to the foundations of logical thinking. Through clear and concise explanations, Read delves into the nuances of logical arguments, syllogisms, and fallacies, making this book an essential read for anyone interested in sharpening their reasoning skills. Written in a precise and scholarly style, Logic stands as a testament to Reads expertise in the field of logic and his ability to make complex concepts accessible to readers. This book is a valuable resource for students, academics, and anyone seeking to enhance their understanding of logic and critical thinking. Carveth Reads vast knowledge and expertise in the subject shine through in this thought-provoking and enlightening book, making it a must-read for anyone interested in delving deeper into the realms of deductive and inductive reasoning.

In The Logic of Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel delves into the complexity of logic and metaphysics, exploring the nature of thought and reality. Written in a dialectical style, Hegels work navigates the tensions between opposing concepts to arrive at a synthesis. This influential text is a cornerstone of German idealism and a pivotal work in the history of philosophy. Hegels intricate arguments and profound insights continue to captivate readers and thinkers alike, challenging them to question the foundations of knowledge and existence. The books engaging prose and rigorous reasoning make it a valuable resource for anyone interested in deepening their understanding of logic and philosophy. As one of Hegels major works, The Logic of Hegel remains essential reading for those seeking to explore the complexities of metaphysics and the nature of reality.

Aristotles Posterior Analytics is a foundational text in the field of logical theory and epistemology. Written in a concise and systematic style, the book explores the nature of scientific knowledge and the process of acquiring it through demonstration. Aristotle delves into the theory of demonstration, the structure of scientific explanations, and the role of syllogistic reasoning in knowledge acquisition. Drawing on his vast knowledge of natural sciences and metaphysics, Aristotle presents a rigorous and insightful account of the principles of scientific inquiry. His logical analysis of the nature of knowledge continues to be a vital contribution to the history of philosophy. Aristotle, one of the greatest thinkers of ancient Greece, was a student of Plato and a teacher of Alexander the Great. His extensive works encompass philosophy, logic, ethics, politics, metaphysics, and natural sciences. Posterior Analytics is a testament to his profound intellect and enduring influence on Western thought. I highly recommend Posterior Analytics to readers interested in delving into the foundational principles of scientific knowledge and logical reasoning. Aristotles insightful analysis and systematic approach provide a valuable resource for scholars and students of philosophy and logic.