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In his important evaluation of the theological leader of the English Reformation, G.W. Bromiley charts Cranmers doctrinal views, scriptural interpretation and liturgical composition. His nuanced position on various controversial issues of the day, not least baptism, is articulated with clarity and care, and his ecumenical sensitivity is foregrounded. While arguably more adept as a scholar than as a creative theologian in his own right, Cranmers writing nevertheless formed the cornerstone of future Anglican theology. Through his Articles of Religion (42, later reduced to 39) and the Book of Common Prayer, he set the parameters within which the Church of England was to operate. Perhaps most significantly, as Bromiley shows, his extensive citation of patristic sources established a precedent for his successors that continues today. Written by one of the great ecclesiastical historians of the twentieth century, Thomas Cranmer, Theologian is the essential starting point for understanding Cranmers influence and legacy in the Anglican church.

In his important evaluation of the theological leader of the English Reformation, G.W. Bromiley charts Cranmers doctrinal views, scriptural interpretation and liturgical composition. His nuanced position on various controversial issues of the day, not least baptism, is articulated with clarity and care, and his ecumenical sensitivity is foregrounded. While arguably more adept as a scholar than as a creative theologian in his own right, Cranmers writing nevertheless formed the cornerstone of future Anglican theology. Through his Articles of Religion (42, later reduced to 39) and the Book of Common Prayer, he set the parameters within which the Church of England was to operate. Perhaps most significantly, as Bromiley shows, his extensive citation of patristic sources established a precedent for his successors that continues today. Written by one of the great ecclesiastical historians of the twentieth century, Thomas Cranmer, Theologian is the essential starting point for understanding Cranmers influence and legacy in the Anglican church.

The first inns in Britain were built by the Romans, for the accommodation of road builders and government officials. Their history since then ranges from pilgrim hostels built by monasteries to coaching inns and palatial railway hotels. Throughout this book runs a rich vein of social history detailing the food, drink, furnishings and costs of British hotels. Travellers tales, both British and foreign, from the sixteenth century onwards, are quoted at length, so that the book comes alive with first-hand impressions. We learn how some of the Regency Hotels of London came into being, such as Grillions, where Louis XVIII stayed in 1814, and there are accounts of the early railway hotels, and the great provincial hotels of Britains coast and countryside. Mary Cathcart Borers study still provides a detailed historical perspective of her subject almost fifty years on from its first publication, while at the same time offering a glimpse of contemporary attitudes to the rapidly expanding British hotel trade in the 1970s.

The first inns in Britain were built by the Romans, for the accommodation of road builders and government officials. Their history since then ranges from pilgrim hostels built by monasteries to coaching inns and palatial railway hotels. Throughout this book runs a rich vein of social history detailing the food, drink, furnishings and costs of British hotels. Travellers tales, both British and foreign, from the sixteenth century onwards, are quoted at length, so that the book comes alive with first-hand impressions. We learn how some of the Regency Hotels of London came into being, such as Grillions, where Louis XVIII stayed in 1814, and there are accounts of the early railway hotels, and the great provincial hotels of Britains coast and countryside. Mary Cathcart Borers study still provides a detailed historical perspective of her subject almost fifty years on from its first publication, while at the same time offering a glimpse of contemporary attitudes to the rapidly expanding British hotel trade in the 1970s.

If we know something about the patterns and conditions of genocide, we may perhaps at an early point be able to diagnose and identify developments that lead to these acts. If such developments can be diagnosed, it will be easier for the international community to intervene and stop developments that can lead to a human catastrophe. Consequently, the only reason to examine the patterns and conditions for genocide is to contribute to efforts that will ensure that such crimes against humanity do not happen again. The core message of this volume refers to silence as an ethical crime, and historical amnesia as a perspective of the philosophy of violence.

This volume explores the will-making process in late medieval England for all levels of society. Wills are some of the most studied records of the late Middle Ages and capture the evidence of what people owned and the patterns of family relationships. These documents, compiled from several archives and city records, cast a light on many aspects of medieval life, including gender distinctions and the heavy influence of the church. Included are wills from widows, tradespeople and artisans, clergy, and high-ranking wealthy people, and through these sources he shows how wills, inventories, and testaments prepared people and their souls for the afterlife.

This modernized extract from The Great Chronicle of London covers the reign of Englands first Tudor king, Henry VII (1485-1509). It gives an eye-witness account of events in London, and of news from elsewhere, from the viewpoint of a well-to- do citizen who was closely involved in civic administration. It describes many notable public events: riots and uprisings, executions, coronations, royal marriages and funerals, and ceremonial activities involving the mayor and aldermen. Its year by year entries also cover matters like the weather, the cost of living, taxes, and the effects of building work undertaken in the city. Although its compiler worked to a scheme common to other London chronicles from the period, he was ready to express his own views on a number of matters, and wrote with keen observation and occasional wit.

Music was central to the medieval churchs public worship: it was the essential medium of the Mass and the Divine Office. In this new critical edition, T. J. H. McCarthy presents the Latin text and the first English translation of Aribos musical treatise, De musica and Sententiae. Written between 1070 and 1078, it is concerned with the workings of the liturgical music that Aribo and his contemporaries called Gregorian chant, and builds off of and responds to several contemporary treatises by Abbot Bern of Reichenau and his pupil Herman, Abbot William of Hirsau, Frutolf of Michelsberg, and Theoger of Metz. In the first new edition of the treatise in over sixty years, McCarthy addresses not only new approaches to the study of music history but newly discovered manuscripts of the treatise, paying careful attention to the diagrams that are integral to the coherence of the treatise.

Women on the Land tells the remarkable story of womens contribution to agriculture and forestry during the two World Wars. It traces the formation and history of the Womens Land Army, and shows how women, mostly untrained and from non-farming backgrounds, helped maintain food production for a beleaguered nation, by filling the places of men away at the war. At the height of the First World War the Land Army had a full-time membership of 23,000 members, a number that was to exceed 80,000 during the Second World War. The book pays tribute to women like Lady Denman, who administered the Land Army during the Second World War and who was its chief inspiration and driving force, and also outlines the part played by other womens groups in wartime. Containing many first-hand reminiscences by the women who served, and a number of evocative illustrations, Women on the Land highlights the years when women were effectively to challenge long-established preconceptions as to what properly constituted womens work.

Women on the Land tells the remarkable story of womens contribution to agriculture and forestry during the two World Wars. It traces the formation and history of the Womens Land Army, and shows how women, mostly untrained and from non-farming backgrounds, helped maintain food production for a beleaguered nation, by filling the places of men away at the war. At the height of the First World War the Land Army had a full-time membership of 23,000 members, a number that was to exceed 80,000 during the Second World War. The book pays tribute to women like Lady Denman, who administered the Land Army during the Second World War and who was its chief inspiration and driving force, and also outlines the part played by other womens groups in wartime. Containing many first-hand reminiscences by the women who served, and a number of evocative illustrations, Women on the Land highlights the years when women were effectively to challenge long-established preconceptions as to what properly constituted womens work.

Navarra ya tuvo en 1525 su primera caza de brujas ochenta años antes de Zugarramurdi (1609-1610). Fue la empresa personal de un oscuro hidalgo, el licenciado Pedro de Balanza, oidor del Consejo Real de Navarra, con mandato obtenido del mismo consejo en nombre del emperador Carlos V. Fue la caza mas notable de toda la historia de España por su importancia cuantitativa, su momento historico, su desenlace y por haber motivado la Junta de Granada sobre las brujas (diciembre de 1526): primera consulta oficial de expertos a la Inquisicion española en materia de brujeria. Por el numero de condenas, confiscaciones y ejecuciones capitales, aquel episodio de 1525, poco conocido, supero con mucho al famoso de Zugarramurdi.Este libro, erudito y bien documentado, arroja luz sobre este episodio, que apenas habia sido objeto de estudio particular. Esta monografia es el segundo tomo de la Coleccion Henningsen, con la que la Universidad Publica de Navarra rinde homenaje a uno de los maximos especialistas a nivel mundial sobre brujeria e Inquisicion, el historiador y antropologo danes Gustav Henningsen, quien dono a la institucion academica su archivo y biblioteca personales.

This book, in a sentence, claims that an ahistorical and ill informed doom and gloom atmosphere in Western public debate threatens to turn into a selffulfilling prophecy; that a new Global Optimism Literature represented by e. g. Hans Rosling and Steven Pinker, based on vast historical sources and social scientific data fortunately intends to correct this misperception; that the also newly emerged sub-discipline of Global History in spite of severe birth diseases could contribute substantially to this mission; and when it all comes down to it: do we have a choice anyway?

Kun kirjeenvaihto alkaa, eletaan toukokuun loppua 1940. Talvisodasta on kaksi kuukautta ja suursota Euroopassa laajenee. Saksan armeijan joukot etenevat kohti Pariisia. Viimeinen kirje on paivatty 31. tammikuuta 1943 - samana paivana jona Saksan 6. armeija antautuu Stalingradissa. Suursota on tullut kaannnekohtaan ja Saksan vetaytyminen itarintamalla alkaa.Eva Tudeer on 25-vuotias musiikinopiskelija, jonka opinnot talvisota on keskeyttanyt. Jatkosota vie Evan Vaasenin kylaan Syvarille. Miehitetyssa Ita-Karjalassa han kohtaa sodan todellisuuden ja tulevan elamankumppaninsa. Lauri O. Th. Tudeerin ja Maija kerman-Tudeerin kirjeet tyttarelle heijastavat niiden suomalaisten sivistyneistopiirien tuntoja, jotka suhtautuvat kriittisesti kansallissosialismiin ja Hitlerin Saksaan samoin kuin ajatukseen Suur-Suomesta. Isa kirjoittaa Evalle myos tyostaan Helsingin yliopiston kirjastossa. "Onko tama karhun taljan kasittelya ennen sen nylkemista?" isa kysyy, kun kirjastoon alkaa saapua vaunulasteittain sotasaaliskirjoja idasta.

Cities are the largest "artifacts" investigated by archaeologists--entities that have been under academic scrutiny for a long time. Urban places are both physical and social agglomerations, fostering the most intense interaction of any human settlement. Archaeological evidence illustrates how ancient cities worldwide were similar in origin, development, and maturation, showing considerable isomorphism with modern cities. This book explores issues of definition and the essential elements of cities, offers a new heuristic typology of cities, and reviews case studies of six ancient cities (Copan, Great Zimbabwe, Gyeongju, Hierakonpolis, Rome, and Teotihuacan) with illustrative exercises at the end of each chapter. Cities have been characterized as "social reactors" working much like a star in creating an explosive increase in human connectivity. Urban planning, both ancient and modern, helps us understand the essence of this--the most exciting and vibrant product of the human tendency to nucleate.

Cities are the largest "artifacts" investigated by archaeologists--entities that have been under academic scrutiny for a long time. Urban places are both physical and social agglomerations, fostering the most intense interaction of any human settlement. Archaeological evidence illustrates how ancient cities worldwide were similar in origin, development, and maturation, showing considerable isomorphism with modern cities. This book explores issues of definition and the essential elements of cities, offers a new heuristic typology of cities, and reviews case studies of six ancient cities (Copan, Great Zimbabwe, Gyeongju, Hierakonpolis, Rome, and Teotihuacan) with illustrative exercises at the end of each chapter. Cities have been characterized as "social reactors" working much like a star in creating an explosive increase in human connectivity. Urban planning, both ancient and modern, helps us understand the essence of this--the most exciting and vibrant product of the human tendency to nucleate.

Pocos momentos hay más emocionantes y aterradores en la historia europea que la primavera de 1848. Como por arte de magia, en una ciudad tras otra, de Palermo a París, de Berlín a Viena, de Roma a Praga y Budapest, enormes multitudes se reunieron, de forma pacifica o violenta, y el orden politico que habia prevalecido desde la derrota de Napoleon simplemente se derrumbo. Reyes y emperadores, aristocratas y terratenientes, vieron como el mundo solido en el que creian se deshacia en polvo. El nuevo y magnifico libro de Christopher Clark recrea con brio, ingenio y perspicacia este extraordinario periodo. Algunos gobernantes se rindieron de inmediato, otros lucharon encarnizadamente, pero en todas partes surgieron nuevos politicos, creencias y expectativas. El papel de la mujer en la sociedad, el fin de la esclavitud, el derecho al trabajo, la propiedad de la tierra, la independencia nacional y la emancipacion de los judios, entre muchos otros, se convirtieron en temas de acalorados debates. Clark evoca tanto este fermento de nuevas ideas como la serie de contraataques, cada vez mas despiadados y eficaces, lanzados por regimenes conservadores que aun resultaban tener muchas cartas que jugar. Pero incluso en la derrota, los exiliados difundieron las ideas de 1848 por todo el mundo y -a veces para bien y a veces no tanto- una Europa nueva y muy diferente surgio de entre los escombros, en un proceso que tiene muchas similitudes con lo que vivimos hoy.

Este libro constituye una invitación a pensar la historia de la infancia desde una mirada crítica e interdisciplinaria. Propone un acercamiento nuevo a viejos problemas de la historiografía tradicional, tales como el proceso de secularizacion iniciada durante el periodo del reformismo borbonico y la forma en que esta adapto una serie de expresiones religiosas en torno a la niñez para apropiarse de la figura utopica del niño martir y ponerla al servicio de la retorica estatal, a traves del culto a los heroes patrioticos y el utilitarismo propio de la epoca. Niños de nadie aborda asi el estudio de las nociones de utilidad y exclusion en torno a la niñez menesterosa (ya invisibilizada, ya recuperada por intervencion estatal), tanto en el discurso ilustrado como en las practicas filantropicas amparadas en el mismo. La expresion "niños de nadie" es empleada aqui en un sentido laxo. No se refiere solamente a los niños huerfanos o expositos, que fueron el objeto central de una serie de proyectos emprendidos por la administracion borbonica (tanto en la metropoli como en las colonias), sino tambien a aquellos que, aun sin haber sido abandonados por sus padres, se hallaban excluidos del ambito privilegiado de las familias que gozaban de cierto rango social y economico. Niños pobres y marginales, cuyo nombre y vinculos parentales, cuando los habian, estaban lejos de servir de parapeto frente a la larga mano del poder real y los proyectos reformistas de la administracion borbonica. "Niños de nadie", en tanto que el Estado podia disponer de ellos sin mayor reparo.

El tema central de este libro es la presencia del centro y del este de Europa en América Latina, un campo poco estudiado. A lo largo de más de los cien años que abarcan los artículos, entre el siglo XIX y las primeras decadas del XX, hubo subditos del Imperio Habsburgo y posteriormente de la Monarquia Dual austrohungara, que visitaron, vivieron o inclusive se establecieron definitivamente en America Latina: soldados, mercenarios, mineros, aventureros, prostitutas, refugiados de revoluciones fallidas en Europa, idealistas y/o emigrantes. Muchos de estos no solo llevaban su equipaje material, sino su bagaje cultural, sus ideas, ideologias y codigos culturales para America Latina. Actores historicos que tuvieron en comun una perspectiva centro/este-europea a traves de la cual vieron, percibieron e interpretaron America Latina y, sobre todo, supieron reflejar sus experiencias en diversos escritos para crear las primeras imagenes de aquellas tierras en Europa.

A la luz de la hagiografía local (la oratoria sagrada, las narrativas misioneras y las historias de las provincias religiosas) este libro analiza el temprano programa iconográfico de la iglesia de la Compañia de Jesus de Quito, ejecutado en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII, en relacion con el proyecto misionero jesuita en la Amazonia. En el, al construir su genealogia, la todavia joven orden apelaba a la autoridad de las figuras biblicas para legitimar su antiguedad apostolica. Los relieves con escenas de la vida de Sanson y de Jose, que se ubican en las enjutas de los arcos en la nave central, y los lienzos de los profetas que adornan sus pilares, forman un programa iconografico coherente basado en la concordancia entre el Antiguo y Nuevo Testamento, o entre el pasado y el presente, a partir de la relacion entre profecia y su cumplimiento. Las imagenes exaltan a las figuras virtuosas del Antiguo Testamento, heroes y martires que anuncian la vida de Jesucristo y de sus discipulos, asi como el celo apostolico de los religiosos de la Compañia de Jesus. En el caso de los lienzos de los profetas, las escenas secundarias que los muestran como predicadores y martires dialogaban con historias y sermones que exaltaban la virtud singular de los misioneros en Mainas, y con imagenes de su martirio que adornaban los corredores del colegio. En su relacion con la hagiografia quiteña, el programa iconografico de la iglesia de la Compañia de Jesus contribuia a la construccion de un patriotismo local. La decoracion del templo quiteño tambien guardaba relacion con narrativas misioneras e imagenes de martirio que circulaban a escala internacional, despertando comparaciones entre la experiencia en el Amazonas y aquella que vivieron otros religiosos en lugares tan remotos y ajenos como la China y el Japon.

Cuando se concluye la lectura de este libro espléndido, Mirar el alma de los niños de Bert Hellinger, se reconfirma la enorme capacidad que tiene el Maestro para navegar por las profundidades de lo humano. A traves de sus palabras, abre las puertas hacia percepciones distintas, mas amplias, hacia esto que el mismo denomina, Movimientos del Espiritu y la energia de lo Mayor cuando se pone en marcha.Bert Hellinger nos explica que "si una criatura que tiene un destino dificil, no solo mira a los padres sino tambien a las muchas generaciones detras de ellos hasta el origen mismo de la vida; si de alli toma la existencia asi como a traves de todas las generaciones ha llegado a ella, entonces se amplia su corazon. Acto seguido, el Maestro nos enseña diciendo: "Sabemos y sentimos que mas alla de nuestros padres estamos ligados a algo mas grande y de eso Mayor tenemos tambien una fuerza especial.Estas primeras palabras que nos ofrece Bert Hellinger son una invitacion a reconsiderar el papel que tenemos en el desarrollo psicologico, afectivo y social, de los seres humanos en los primeros años de vida. Como docentes, solemos estar ocupados en infinidad de tareas que nos distraen quiza de la labor primaria de formar a los niños y a los jovenes. De ahi que este libro es tan importante para reconocer lo indispensable que resulta Mirar el alma de los niños.Entre lo que Bert Hellinger nos muestra para desarrollar esta capacidad (se diria que una competencia vital en la formacion del docente) se encuentran asuntos indiscutiblemente relevantes como aprender a ayudar con el orden necesario. Es decir, comprender para quien es el amor de los muchachos cuando se expresa a traves de la rebeldia, la agresion e incluso los pensamientos suicidas tan presentes en la adolescencia.Bert nos dice: "Sea lo que fuere lo que hacen, si se quieren suicidar o escapar o si son agresivos, todo lo hacen por amor.