eBooks de Filosofía antigua, página 2 de 32

La figura de un gigante como Aristóteles (384 a. C. - 322 a. C.) es insoslayable en el pensamiento occidental, tanto en su vertiente filosófica como científica. Ha sido un referente a lo largo de los siglos en un sorprendente numero de campos del saber: politica, etica, logica, retorica, biologia, meteorologia, etc., y en mas de un caso fue el quien sento las bases para el desarrollo de estas disciplinas. Su obra es abundante (entre 139 y 192 tratados) y casi inabarcable en cuanto a contenido. La pregunta no es si el alma existe o no, sino a que genero pertenece y que es el alma. A partir de aqui, Aristoteles desarrolla, a lo largo de los tres libros que componen la obra, una teoria nueva y vigorosa acerca del alma alejada de las especulaciones anteriores, aunque no exenta de ambiguedades internas.

Obra perteneciente al último periodo de la producción aristotélica, Acerca del alma prolonga, aclara y concreta algunas de las teorías fundamentales desarrolladas en los libros centrales de la Metafísica. En este tratado la pregunta no es si el alma existe o no, sino a que genero pertenece y que es el alma. A partir de aqui, Aristoteles desarrolla, a lo largo de los tres libros que componen la obra, una teoria nueva y vigorosa acerca del alma alejada de las especulaciones anteriores, aunque no exenta de ambiguedades internas. Presentada en una traduccion precisa y muy bien actualizada, se trata de uno de los grandes hitos de la produccion aristotelica en lengua española.Publicado originalmente en la BCG con el numero 14, este volumen presenta la traduccion de Acerca del alma, realizada por Tomas Calvo (Universidad Complutense de Madrid), con una introduccion general a Aristoteles y una especifica para esta obra, que han sido convenientemente revisadas y actualizadas por el mismo para esta edicion.

Dutch thinker and theologian Desiderius Erasmus played a key role in the development of humanism during the Renaissance and early modern periods. In Against War, Erasmus mounts a stunningly lucid and detailed argument against armed combat on humanistic grounds. Its a must-read for anyone who has strong feelings about the moral and ethical dimensions of militaristic undertakings.

Agamemnon Aeschylus - This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. Agamemnon is the first of the three linked tragedies which make up The Oresteia trilogy (comprising Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers and The Eumenides), the only surviving example of a complete trilogy of ancient Greek plays, by the ancient Greek playwright Aeschylus."Agamemnon describes the homecoming of Agamemnon, king of Argos, from the Trojan War, and his return to his wife, Clytemnestra, who had been planning his murder (in concert with her lover, Aegisthus) as revenge for Agamemnons earlier sacrifice of their daughter, Iphigenia.

In "Alcibiades I," Plato artfully intertwines philosophical dialogue with the realms of political ambition and self-knowledge. Set as a conversation between Socrates and the youthful Alcibiades, the work delves into themes of virtue, the nature of the soul, and the essential relationship between personal integrity and governance. Through Socratic questioning, Platos literary style exemplifies the dialectical method, allowing the characters to traverse complex ideas about self-awareness and moral responsibility, reflective of the charged political atmosphere of Athens in the 5th century BCE. Plato, a student of Socrates and a pivotal figure in Western philosophy, penned this dialogue during a period marked by the tumult of Athenian democracy and the rise of powerful individuals like Alcibiades. His philosophical inquiries often mirrored his concerns about the moral decay of society and the implications of leaders lacking self-knowledge. Platos interactions with Socrates and the subsequent disillusionment with political authority deeply influenced his dialogues, shaping his exploration of ethics and the ideal state. I highly recommend "Alcibiades I" for readers seeking insight into the foundations of political philosophy and the cultivation of personal virtue. This dialogue not only serves as a critical historical document but also as a timeless text that challenges readers to evaluate their own ethical standings and roles as citizens, making it an essential addition to the study of philosophy.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- An Author Biography reveals milestones in the authors life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

Tradução direta do grego de um dos diálogos mais importantes da filosofia clássica. Livro fundamental para compreensão da filosofia platônica.Considerado na antiguidade o melhor texto de introdução à

Dos escritos de gran interés sobre materia mitológica, uno de carácter hermenéutico-interpretativo acerca de Homero y el otro una compilación de los más variados mitos relacionados con metamorfosis.Se ofrecen aqui dos escritos sobre materia mitologica, uno de caracter hermeneutico-interpretativo y el otro una compilacion de los mas variados mitos relacionados con metamorfosis.Con Alegorias de Homero, el autor se propone defender a Homero de sus detractores, y ve en la interpretacion alegorica la mejor estrategia defensiva, que ya habia tenido sus precursores en el siglo VI a.C., frente a los ataques de quienes censuran la creacion de una serie de mitos sacrilegos e impios. Este brumoso autor, llamado Heraclito el Homerico, vivio al parecer en el siglo I a.C.Desconocemos el motivo por el cual realizo Antonino Liberal (siglo II o III d.C.) su recopilacion de metamorfosis, pues ni el mismo lo manifiesta ni poseemos otro tipo de fuentes que nos permita averiguarlo. En cualquier caso, nos ofrece una gran cantidad de datos sobre ritos y sacrificios, sobre motivos etiologicos tan del gusto helenistico, sobre extrañas leyendas, algunas incluso con pretensiones historicas, pero, sobre todo, un inmenso material mitografico de dificil clasificacion a veces.

En sus viajes por todo el país, el sabio Confucio arrastró tras de sí a unos 3000 discípulos, que se encargaron de redactar sus diálogos con el Maestro y propagar sus ideas por toda Asia. Estos escritos se compilaron bajo el titulo de Analectas, convirtiendose en el texto de referencia del confucianismo.Segun la filosofia politica de Confucio, el gobernante ideal para el Estado ideal, es el hombre que llega a ser virtuoso a traves de la cultura, el conocimiento y el ejercicio de la virtud, ya que. para Confucio, el amor al estudio, los valores humanitarios y la integridad son los medios necesarios para el perfeccionamiento personal y la armonia social.Sin duda, estas enseñanzas contienen una filosofia practica, para la vida, que tiene vigencia todavia hoy.

En sus viajes por todo el país, el sabio Confucio arrastró tras de sí a unos 3000 discípulos, que se encargaron de redactar sus diálogos con el Maestro y propagar sus ideas por toda Asia. Estos escritos se compilaron bajo el titulo de Analectas, convirtiendose en el texto de referencia del confucianismo.Segun la filosofia politica de Confucio, el gobernante ideal para el Estado ideal, es el hombre que llega a ser virtuoso a traves de la cultura, el conocimiento y el ejercicio de la virtud, ya que. para Confucio, el amor al estudio, los valores humanitarios y la integridad son los medios necesarios para el perfeccionamiento personal y la armonia social.Sin duda, estas enseñanzas contienen una filosofia practica, para la vida, que tiene vigencia todavia hoy.

In "Apollonius of Tyana, the Philosopher-Reformer of the First Century A.D.", G. R. S. Mead offers a comprehensive examination of the enigmatic figure Apollonius of Tyana, a contemporary of Jesus Christ renowned for his philosophical insights and dramatic life. Mead employs a scholarly narrative interwoven with a rich tapestry of biographical detail, historical context, and philosophical exploration. His engaging prose adeptly situates Apollonius within the broader socio-cultural landscape of the Roman Empire while also delving into the Hellenistic and Eastern influences that shaped the philosophers thought. The book is particularly compelling for its attempt to reconcile Apolloniuss teachings with those of other spiritual leaders of the time, thus illuminating the complexities of first-century philosophical discourse. G. R. S. Mead, a noted scholar of Gnosticism and early Christianity, draws upon his deep understanding of ancient texts and mystical traditions to present this intricate portrait of Apollonius. Meads academic rigor is bolstered by his fascination with the spiritual movements that defined his era, lending a unique perspective to the philosophers life. His extensive background in the esoteric and philosophical traditions provides readers with contextual insights that enrich their engagement with the text. Readers seeking an enlightening exploration of this historical figure will find Meads work to be an indispensable resource. Not only does it serve as a significant study for those interested in the intersections of philosophy and spirituality, but it also invites a broader consideration of the themes of reform and moral philosophy that resonate through the ages. This book stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of Apollonius and his relevance in contemporary discourse.

En Apología de Sócrates, diálogo compuesto entre 393 y 389 a. C., Platón (c. 427 - 347 a. C.) da una versión de la defensa del mismo Sócrates tras ser acusado de corromper a los jóvenes y despreciar a los dioses. La apologia refleja la defensa de Socrates frente al jurado de Atenas, de manera que apologia tiene el significado original de defensa formal de las opiniones de uno. El dialogo, perteneciente al ciclo platonico de obras socraticas o de juventud, rescata el texto de la apologia (defensa) de Socrates ante el tribunal, asi como constituye la apologia (elogio) que hace Platon de su maestro.

Sócrates (siglo V a. C.) no es un filósofo convencional. Participa en la vida pública, y en varias batallas demuestra ser un ciudadano ejemplar. Su facilidad para descubrir la ignorancia lo hace molesto ante muchos, que lo acaban acusando falsamente de traicion al Estado. Socrates aprovecha la ocasion de su defensa para dar una leccion de entereza y dignidad.

La Apología de Sócrates, escrita por Platón, es un texto filosófico fundamental que narra la defensa de Sócrates durante su juicio en Atenas. Con un estilo diáfano y persuasivo, Platón presenta las ideas de su maestro a traves de un dialogo que resalta la importancia del conocimiento y la busqueda de la verdad. El contexto literario en el que se situa esta obra es el de la Atenas democratica del siglo V a.C., un periodo de esplendor cultural y filosofico, donde la figura de Socrates emerge como un critico del escepticismo y la conformidad social, proponiendo una etica basada en la autoexaminacion y la virtud. Platon, discipulo de Socrates, recoge aqui la esencia del pensamiento socratico, combinando su admiracion por su maestro con una critica a las injusticias del sistema judicial ateniense. Su propio contexto, marcado por las consecuencias de la politica y la guerra en su sociedad, asi como su experiencia en la Academia, contribuyeron a la formulacion de estos dialogos que reflexionan sobre la moral, la justicia y el papel del filosofo en la sociedad. Recomiendo encarecidamente la Apologia de Socrates a cualquier lector interesado en la filosofia y la etica. Esta obra, mas que una simple defensa, es una invitacion a la reflexion critica sobre nuestras propias creencias y valores, constituyendo un pilar esencial en el estudio de la filosofia occidental.

El apasionado retrato que Platón pintó de su maestroLas tres obras que agrupamos en este volumen responden a un doble propósito: ofrecer el apasionado retrato que el filósofo pintó de su maestro y comprobar la evolucion del pensamiento politico del autor de La Republica. La APOLOGIA DE SOCRATES recoge el discurso que, supuestamente, pronuncio este ante sus jueces. Criton, a su vez, es la transcripcion del dialogo que mantuvo con uno de sus mas viejos amigos, mientras esperaba la hora de la muerte. Ambos escritos pertenecen a la juventud de Platon y parecen responder con bastante fidelidad a la psicologia y al modo de razonar de uno de los personajes mas discutidos y atrayentes del mundo antiguo. La CARTA VII, por el contrario, fue redactada por Platon a una edad avanzada y constituye un imponente testimonio de los avatares que determinaron su desencanto politico y la consiguiente revision de sus ideas sobre la justicia, las leyes, las virtudes morales y el fundamento del poder. Enrique Lopez Castellon es catedratico de Filosofia del Derecho, Moral y Politica en la Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Se doctoro precisamente, con una investigacion sobre la personalidad de Socrates en las obras primeras de Platon. Ha realizado la traduccion y edicion de este volumen.

Platos "Apology, Crito, and Phaedo of Socrates" presents a profound philosophical examination of Socrates trial, his defense, and his reflections on justice and the immortality of the soul. Written in a dialectical style, these dialogues feature Socratic questioning and rigorous logical reasoning, capturing the essence of Socratic philosophy against the backdrop of Athenian democracy. The interplay of ethics, duty, and the pursuit of truth resonates deeply within the literary context of the Socratic legacy, where the pursuit of knowledge is both a personal journey and a public challenge to the norms of society. Plato, a student of Socrates, is uniquely positioned to recount these events with an authenticity that exemplifies his mentors enduring influence. His philosophical inclinations stem from a profound commitment to exploring the nature of morality, knowledge, and existence. This work emanates from PlatoAos search to elucidate SocratesAo ideals, especially the dialogueAos powerful themes of virtue, justice, and philosophical inquiry, which mirror Platos own philosophical pursuits. "Apology, Crito, and Phaedo of Socrates" is highly recommended for anyone seeking to delve into foundational philosophical concepts that continue to shape modern thought. PlatoAos eloquent prose and SocratesAo unwavering commitment to truth invite readers to engage with ethical dilemmas and reflections on life and death, making this work an invaluable resource for scholars, philosophers, and students alike.

El afán actual por adaptar la educación a los incesantes cambios de la sociedad nos hace olvidar el incalculable valor de la sabiduría clásica. Pero ¿y si invitásemos a nuestros jóvenes a escuchar voces de largos ecos como las de Homero, Hesiodo, Socrates, Platon o Aristoteles en lugar de prestar atencion a la ultima tendencia en TikTok?Los referentes que durante milenios han guiado a la humanidad hacia las cotas mas altas de virtud estan siendo reemplazados por la mediocridad de algunos influencers que venden exito sin esfuerzo, mensaje sin sustancia y felicidad efimera. Sin embargo, la capacidad de transformacion y elevacion de modelos como el de Aquiles no puede ser sustituida por los famosos de las redes sociales.Eduardo Infante acude a los grandes filosofos del mundo clasico para destacar la vigencia de la virtud, una cualidad que da sentido a nuestras vidas. El autor se pregunta como alcanzarla y transmitirla a las futuras generaciones, si es un don innato o si podemos aprenderla. Un libro de referencia para alumbrar un futuro mas humano en el que vivamos con proposito. Mientras haya alguien que quiera conocer los textos de la antiguedad no se apagara en nosotros ese fuego que nos impulsa a amar todo lo noble, digno y elevado que hay en el mundo.

In the anthology *Arguments of Celsus, Porphyry, and the Emperor Julian, Against the Christians*, readers are thrust into the fervent ideological debates of the ancient world, rich with the clashing perspectives that defined early Christian and pagan dialogues. This collection serves as an intellectual tapestry showcasing a range of literary styles from rigorous rhetorical treatises to impassioned polemics, reflecting the heated exchanges of the time. Each piece stands out as a testament to the literary context of philosophical and religious discourse, with no single author overshadowing the other, yet collectively presenting a formidable counter-narrative to Christian ascendency. The included authors, each a luminary in their right, were pivotal figures who challenge the burgeoning Christian doctrine from diverse philosophical and cultural vantage points. They are united in this anthology by their critical examination of Christianitys claims, drawing on historical context and cultural critique. From Tacituss well-documented historical skepticism to Josephuss finely balanced work between Roman and Jewish lines, and Julians imperial insights, the collected works provide poignant commentaries that are indispensable for understanding the complexities of early inter-religious discourse. For scholars and enthusiasts of early theological and philosophical debates, this anthology is an indispensable compendium that delves deeply into ancient critiques of Christianity. It grants a rare glimpse into the myriad perspectives that contested religious orthodoxy, providing educational value and broadening the readers historical insight. This collection fosters a rich dialogue between the authors, inviting readers to ponder the evolution of religious and philosophical thought through meticulously curated writings. Its diverse representations make it essential reading for those seeking comprehensive insights into antiquitys most pivotal ideological contests.

In the fascinating anthology "Arguments of Celsus, Porphyry, and the Emperor Julian, Against the Christians," readers will encounter a unique exploration of early theological and philosophical critiques directed at Christianity during the formative years of the Roman Empire. This collection deftly assembles a spectrum of literary styles that range from philosophical discourse to historical documentation. It highlights the intellectual rigor and diverse literary strategies that these thinkers employed to examine and often contest the foundational premises of Christian doctrine. From the rhetorical nuance in Celsus to the historical scrutiny of Porphyry, the anthology systematically presents a thought-provoking dialogue that remains significant in understanding the religious and philosophical landscape of antiquity. The contributors to this compelling collection, Cornelius Tacitus, Flavius Josephus, Emperor Julian, Siculus Diodorus, Porphyry, and Celsus, are luminaries each with a profound impact on the intellectual conversations of their time. Together, these scholars and figures align closely with the intellectual and cultural movements of the Roman and Hellenistic worlds. The anthology brings together voices from historians to emperors, creating a comprehensive narrative that explores opposition to Christian thought through diverse societal lenses, bridging pagan and imperial perspectives with historical endurance. Readers are invited to delve into this volume to engage with its rich tapestry of perspectives, enabling a nuanced understanding of historical debates surrounding Christianitys ascent. The anthologys educational value is inestimable, offering insights into the eras complex interreligious dynamics and philosophical inquiries. By studying these collected works, modern readers can appreciate the ongoing dialogue between historical critiques and religious narratives that continue to resonate in contemporary discourse.

The Arguments of Celsus, Porphyry, and the Emperor Julian, Against the Christians is an illuminating anthology that captures the intellectual currents of Antiquity through an array of critiques aimed at the burgeoning Christian ideology. This collection presents a tapestry of literary and rhetorical styles, from Celsus sharp dialectic to Porphyrys philosophical rigor, and Julians imperial proclamations. Set within the context of a world grappling with religious transition, these works collectively form a critical mosaic that not only contests Christian dogma but also reflects the pluralistic and rich tapestry of Classical thought. Noteworthy pieces in this collection explore tensions between traditional Greco-Roman religious practices and the emerging Christian narrative, offering insights into the cultural and theological battlegrounds of the time. The authors in this anthology are pivotal figures of their era, with Celsus being an early critic of Christianity, Porphyry offering Neoplatonic perspectives, and Emperor Julian endeavoring to restore pagan traditions in defiance of his Christian predecessors. Their writings are interwoven with historical, philosophical, and theological discourses that align with broader cultural movements of philosophical skepticism and religious restoration. This assemblage of voices captures the multi-faceted opposition to Christianity within the Roman intellectual elite, enriching the dialogue regarding faith, authority, and tradition during a transformative period in Western history. For scholars and students of religious history, philosophy, or classical studies, this collection offers a unique opportunity to explore a confluence of historical and intellectual standpoints within a single volume. The diversity of perspectives not only challenges the traditional narrative of Christianitys ascent but also engages in a profound dialogue on cultural identity and intellectual resistance. Delving into this anthology provides valuable educational insights into the complex interplay of ideas that shaped the era, making it a crucial resource for understanding the intricate historical context and enduring debates of Late Antiquity.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- An Introduction draws the threads together, discussing why these diverse authors and texts belong in one collection.- Historical Context explores the cultural and intellectual currents that shaped these works, offering insight into the shared (or contrasting) eras that influenced each writer.- A combined Synopsis (Selection) briefly outlines the key plots or arguments of the included pieces, helping readers grasp the anthologys overall scope without giving away essential twists.- A collective Analysis highlights common themes, stylistic variations, and significant crossovers in tone and technique, tying together writers from different backgrounds.- Reflection questions encourage readers to compare the different voices and perspectives within the collection, fostering a richer understanding of the overarching conversation.

De entre todos los grandes filósofos del pensamiento occidental, Aristóteles es quizá el más inabarcable. Sus investigaciones en disciplinas tan diversas como la metafísica, la ética, la física, la biologia, la psicologia, la logica, la poetica o la retorica han sido influyentes durante siglos. Todas estas facetas de su obra y su filosofia, ademas de su vida, quedan diafanamente analizadas en este libro de David W. Ross, uno de los mas eminentes especialistas en Aristoteles del ultimo siglo. Mas alla de la elaboracion de consideraciones criticas, este ensayo explica de un modo muy clarificador los rasgos del pensamiento aristotelico, por lo que se erige como una referencia ineludible para estudiar al filosofo griego.