Terrorism, sadly, seems here to stay and to stay with a vengeance. It turns out that the United States was not prepared for it and now must play catch-up. In doing so, even agreement on how to define terrorism is in doubt and what to do about it seems beyond comprehension at the moment. This volume presents a broad cross section of analyses of weaknesses and actions in the ongoing battle against terrorism. Chapter One attempts to answer the question of whether terrorist networks are migrating not only towards an urban environment, but to a megacity environment. Chapter Two focuses on qualitative research regarding the cyber threat that has continually beleaguered this nation by malevolent actors over the last decade and how these nefarious individuals, non-state actors, or nation states can implement the instruments of national power through the application of a new model named the York Intelligence Red Team Model (YIRTM) using sources guided by the Federal Secondary Data Case Study Triangulation Model to arrive at results. Chapter Three examines how public relations research could both help other related disciplines and benefit from other disciplines by comparing terrorism-related communication research from two different approaches: persuasion and public relations. Chapter Four centres on the belief that by the introduction of fear, jihadist terrorism affects the social trust of western societies. Chapter Five develops the thesis that terrorism placed the western axiom of hospitality in jeopardy, adopting the process of securitization as the main axis of dialogue between workers and capital owners. Chapter Six argues that an elaboration over the role of the passport as a regulatory mechanism promotes fresh interdisciplinary observations on the nature of global capitalism via the new mobilities paradigm. Chapter Seven explores how the rise of international terror has changed not only the tourist industry but also the film industry. Chapter Eight investigates media representations of Jews and Arabs in the 1930s and 2010s, concluding that many of the issues that were prominent in the lead up to World War II are also prominent during the War on Terror.

El fenómeno terrorista se aborda desde una cuádruple perspectiva: Desde el denominado espacio global (internet) que ofrece nuevas oportunidades para la comisión de actos terroristas o el reclutamiento de simpatizantes y adeptos. Desde la perspectiva de las centrales de inteligencia, cada dia mas necesarias, sobre todo en tareas de prevencion de ataques terroristas. Desde la perspectiva del papel de las fuerzas armadas y su coordinacion con otros Estados a traves de la confeccion de las estrategias como documentos de soft law. El terrorismo ya no es un acto aislado en si mismo y afrontado como un acto de orden publico interno, pues se ha convertido en un acto que afecta a multiples administraciones y a distintos Estados, lo cual conlleva la necesidad de establecer protocolos de evaluacion y de accion comunes y conocidos. Y desde la perspectiva de la coordinacion entre los distintos actores que intervienen en la lucha contra el terrorismo: la coordinacion como piedra angular de un sistema que garantice su eficacia, su eficiencia y su economia.

"Basque Nationalism and Political Violence" examines the relationship between ideas and action through a historical account of how images of violence and warfare pervaded the discourse of Basque nationalism. These images were created principally through the preponderant influence of the Partido Nacionalista Vasco (PNV or Basque Nationalist Party) - from its inception in the 1890s through the mid-twentieth century. Cameron Watson argues that a culture of political violence emerged within the Basque nationalist movement that eventually resulted in the 1959 creation of ETA (Euskadi ta Askatasuna, Basque Country and Freedom).The undertone of violent struggle in Basque nationalism was itself a response to the aggressive nationalism of Spain, a country whose problematic transition to modernity in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries engendered multiple forms of social, political, and structural violence within its own borders and beyond. Watson views the rise of political violence as a present-day expression of the Basques' problematic dialogue with modern Spain. He does not limit his explanation of ETA's emergence to the Spanish context alone. Rather, he emphasizes the transnational context in which nationalist movements emerge and develop. At varying times, the national struggles of Cuba, Morocco, and Ireland were extremely influential in the Basque case. Moreover, the origins of ETA were strongly influenced by post - World War II intellectual currents, from existentialism to the liberating theories of anticolonial nationalist movements.

La Guardia Civil frente a ETA: medio siglo sin dar tregua al terrorHan sido numerosos los libros publicados en estos últimos años sobre la historia de ETA, y desde muy diversas perspectivas. En la mayoria, el protagonismo de la Guardia Civil es muy importante, como no puede ser de otra manera, pero faltaba un angulo fundamental, la cronica real, cruda, estremecedora a veces, documentada con rigor y escrita por los propios guardias civiles, de un tiempo en el que su actuacion se resumia en dos palabras: sacrificio y sufrimiento.En el primer volumen de esta obra se recoge todo lo acontecido entre el nacimiento de ETA en 1958 y la declaracion de Estella/Lizarra de 1998. Una epoca en la que el desconcierto ante los primeros asesinatos, la precariedad de medios con los que el instituto armado tuvo que afrontar el desafio terrorista en el franquismo y el silencio con el que se despachaba a las victimas durante los años de plomo dieron paso a un periodo de encrucijada para la banda terrorista. A partir de los noventa, la aplicacion cada vez mas intensa y eficiente de los servicios de inteligencia a la lucha antiterrorista, la cooperacion con Francia y los primeros exitos policiales invertirian la tendencia: el Estado democratico al fin empezaba a imponerse y hacia posible la paz.En el segundo vo...

Most policymakers see counterinsurgency and counternarcotics policy as two sides of the same coin. Stop the flow of drug money, the logic goes, and the insurgency will wither away. But the conventional wisdom is dangerously wrongheaded, as Vanda Felbab-Brown argues in Shooting Up.Counternarcotics campaigns, particularly those focused on eradication, typically fail to bankrupt belligerent groups that rely on the drug trade for financing. Worse, they actually strengthen insurgents by increasing their legitimacy and popular support.Felbab-Brown, a leading expert on drug interdiction efforts and counterinsurgency, draws on interviews and fieldwork in some of the world's most dangerous regions to explain how belligerent groups have become involved in drug trafficking and related activities, including kidnapping, extortion, and smuggling. Shooting Up shows vividly how powerful guerrilla and terrorist organizations including Peru's Shining Path, the FARC and the paramilitaries in Colombia, and the Taliban in Afghanistan have learned to exploit illicit markets. In addition, the author explores the interaction between insurgent groups and illicit economies in frequently overlooked settings, such as Northern Ireland, Turkey, and Burma.

Terrorism and radicalization have a long history, but in recent years their prominence has been a particularly conspicuous and influential feature of the global political landscape. This important book presents an overview of the processes involved in radicalization and terrorism, and introduces a systematic framework which captures the most crucial individual and social factors involved in determining these processes. The authors begin by considering the possible role of prejudice, economic deprivation, and discrimination, and the cognitive responses and emotions they can trigger. Such responses tend in turn to increase the importance of group membership, and promote intergroup differentiation and polarization, a process which is often accompanied by more pronounced and more extreme religious and ideological beliefs. The book also describes the role of cultural values and social climate in processes of radicalization, as well as the role of personality factors and demographics such as age and marital status. As for violent terrorist action itself, this final most radical stage is elicited by a number of group factors such as groupthink, isolation, and leadership. Certain cognitive mechanisms - for example, dehumanizing the target and attributing responsibility elsewhere - can also provide excuses for violence. The book explores why some groups turn to violence and others don't, and it addresses processes of disengagement, deradicalization programs, and other methods used to inhibit the spread of radicalization and terrorism. The Psychology of Radicalization and Terrorism takes a unique and systematic approach to a vital topic, integrating knowledge from diverse literatures, and using social psychology as a basis for comprehending human behaviour. It will be essential reading for students and researchers from all disciplines seeking a greater understanding of terrorism and violent political conflict in all its forms.

This book provides a genealogy of radical Basque nationalism and the means by which this complex, often violent, political movement has reinforced Basque identity.Radical nationalists are mobilized by a shared frame of reference where ethnicity and violence are intertwined in a nostalgic recreation of a golden age and a quasi-religious imperative to restore that distant past. Muro critically examines the origins of the ethno-nationalist conflict and provides a comprehensive examination of Euskadi Ta Askatusanas (ETA) violent campaign.The book analyzes the interplay of ethnicity and violence and stresses the role of inherited myths, memories, and cultural symbols to explain the ability of radical Basque nationalism to endure.

Stanislav-J Kirschbaum" 9/11 ou Nine-Eleven " est une de ces expressions populaires courantes dans le monde anglo-saxon qui signale les conséquences dévastatrices du terrorisme international contemporain. Elle definit le mois et le jour en 2001 lorsque quatre avions commerciaux americains etaient pris en otage par le groupe terroriste islamiste AI Qaida et changes en obus militaires qui mettaient fin de ce fait a la vie de leurs passagers et detruisaient aussi les tours jumelles du World Trade Center a New York et une aile du Pentagone a Washington avec plus de trois mille pertes de vies humaines. Est-ce qu'une mutation dans le concept de terrorisme etait annoncee et quelles en etaient les consequences pour la securite internationale ? Comme tout evenement d'une portee aussi grande que l'attaque du onze septembre, il n'est pas surprenant qu'il y ait des efforts de proposer de nouvelles definitions, d'apporter des interrogations, et de rechercher de nouveaux facteurs pour expliquer ce qui se passe. De plus, il y a le besoin de comprendre et de comparer les decisions prises par les gouvernements pour voir si la communaute internationale est en mesure d'arreter une politique qui permettrait de tenir en echec ce nouveau defi a la securite nationale et internationale. Tels sont certains des objectifs que se sont donnes les auteurs de cet ouvrage. Onze universitaires canadiens et français et quatre etudiants aux etudes superieures au Canada, membres de l'Association franco-canadienne d'etudes strategiques, abordent divers aspects de ce sujet avec l'espoir que la reflexion qui s'ensuivra ne fait que marquer le debut d'un plus grand effort a tous les niveaux, gouvernementaux, academiques et sociaux d'assurer la paix et la securite internationale.

Gérard Chaliand et Arnaud Blin nous proposent ici la première grande histoire du terrorisme. De l’Antiquité jusqu’à nos jours, ils détaillent les différents mouvements terroristes et surtout les diff